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u 


W  THE  TEMPLE  OF  FAME. 


"Delightful  task!  to  rear  the  tender  thought." 


THE 


SECOND  BOOK. 


DESIGNED  FOR  THE 


Common  Schools  in  &mivitu ; 


CONTAINING 


THE    ELEMENTS    OF    THE   ENGLISH  LANGUAGE  :    LESSONS  IN  ORTH0G- 

RAPHY    AND    READING,  AND  THE    PRONUNCIATION  OF    WALKER'S 

t  H1TICAL    PRONOUNCING    DICTIONARY  J    ALL    MADE  EASY    BY 

THE    ARRANGEMENT    AND    DIVISION  OF  WORDS,  AND  BY 

AN  IMPROVED  USE  OF  FIGURES  AND  LETTERS. 


BY  HALL  J.  KELLEY,  A.  M. 

Author  of  "  The  Instructor,  First  Book." 


SECOND  EDITION. 

©ouccrTr,  £.  i£. 

PUBLISHED  BY  ISAAC  HILL. 

Stereotyped  at  the  Boston  Tupe  and   Stereotype  Foundry, 
late  T.  H.  Carter  fy  €o. 

1826. 


1 


DISTRICT  OP  MASSACHUSETTS....™  wit: 

District  Clerk's  Office. 

Be  it  remembered,  That  on  the  thirteenth  day  of  May  A.  D- 
1826,  in  the  fiftieth  year  of  the  Independence  of  the  United  States 
of  America,  Hall  J.  Kellev,  of  the  said  District  has  deposited  in 
this  office  the  title  of  a  Book,  the  right  whereof  lie  claims  as  Au- 
thor and  Proprietor,  in  the  words  following,  to  wit : 

"  The  American  Instructor,  Second  Book,  designed  for  the  Com- 
mon Schools  in  America:  containing  the  Elements  of  the  English 
Language  ;  Lessons  in  Orthography  and  Reading,  and  the  Pronun- 
ciation of  Walker's  Critical  Pronouncing  Dictionary  ;  all  made  easy 
by  the  arrangement  and  division  of  words,  and  by  an  improved  use 
of  Figures  and  Letters.  By  Hall  J.  Kellky,  A.  M.  Author  of 
"  The  Instructor,  First  Book."     Second  edition. 

In  conformity  to  the  Act  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States, 
entitled  "  An  Act  for  the  encouragement  of  learning,  by  securing 
the  Copies  of  maps,  charts,  and  books,  to  the  authors  and  proprie- 
tors of  such  copies,  during  the  times  therein  mentioned:"  and  also 
to  an  Act  entitled  "  An  Act  supplementary  to  an  Act,  entitled,  An 
Act  for  for  the  encouragement  of  learning,  by  securing  the  copies 
of  maps,  charts,  and  books  to  th&  authors  and  proprietors  of  such 
copies,  during  the  times  therein  mentioned ;  and  extending  the 
benefits  thereof  to  the  arts  of  designing,  engraving,  and  etching 
historical  and  other  printe." 

JNO.  W.  DAVIS, 
Clerk  of  the  District  of  Massactuscttf 


;• 


r 


4f 


fmiffAas, 


Spelling  Books,  as  they  are  designed  to  communicate 
instruction  to  youth,  should  be  judicious  in  system,  and, 
if  possible,  perfect  in  Orthography. 

A  knowledge  of  our  language  requires  a  very  considera- 
ble portion  of  the  time  and  intellectual  labours  of  youth. 
The  ultimate  success  of  these  labours  has  an  immediate 
agency  in  the  events,  on  which  depend  individual  and 
publick  happiness ;  hence  the  importance  of  facilitating 
the  means  of  youthful  improvement.  This  is  best  ef- 
fected by  a  judicious  and  methodical  arrangement  of  the 
principles  to  be  acquired. 

Much  care  and  expense  have  been  bestowed  on  this 
work  ;  and,  it  is  hoped,  not  without  some  improvements. 
While  it  would  appear  invidious,  in  the  author,  to  expose 
the  faults  of  other  books,  it  might  seem  arrogant  to  urge 
too  confidently,  the  American  Instructor  on  publick  con- 
sideration. 

It  must  be  obvious  to  every  Parent  and  Teacher,  that 
elementary  books,  particularly  those  used  in  our  common 
schools,  should  be  as  cheap  and  as  clear,  and  well  digested 
in  system,  as  the  nature  of  the  subject  will  admit ;  in 
reference  to  this  object,  the  work  here  offered  to  the  pub- 
iick  is  divided  into  two  Books  ;  the  Jlrst  called  the  Child's 
instructor,  is  accommodated  to  the  wants  of  beginners; 
the  second,  called  the  American  Instructor,  contains  a 
great  collection  of  the  difficult  words  of  our  language,  and 
borne  plain,  yet  instructive  reading  lessons,  and  is  suited 
fo  pupils  of  some  advance  in  an  education  :  by  this  division 
the  business  of  teaching  is  rendered  more  easy  and  pleas- 
^jant,  and  that  of  learning  more  simple,  and  less  expensive. 

One  of  the  most  important  points  in  the  plan  of  a 
Spelling  Book  is  syllabication.  Different  authors  have 
followed  different  methods  in  dividing  words  into  sylla- 
bles ;  the  true  object  of  which  is  to  assist  the  learner  in 
rightly  apprehending  the  exact  pronunciation.  Walker's 
opinion  on  this  subject  is,  that  "  the  best  and  easiest  rule 

*3     420840 


6 

for  dividing  the  syllables  in  spelling,  is  to  divide  them  as 
they  are  naturally  divided  in  a  right  pronunciation,  with- 
out regard  to  the  derivation  of  words,  or  the  possible  com- 
bination of  consonants,  at  the  beginning  of  a  syllable." 
We  make  use  of  figures  to  represent  the  different  vowel 
sounds.  Sometimes  one  letter  takes  the  sound  of  an- 
other ;  in  such  cases,  we  use  the  particular  letter  which 
will  best  represent  the  sound;  for  instance,  the  sound  of 
o,  in  love,  is  clearly  indicated  by  the  letter  u,  placed  over 
it.  Letters  are,  therefore,  placed  over  other  letters,  whether 
vowels,  consonants,  or  diphthongs,  whose  sounds  they  re- 
present. In  those  instances,  where  the  learner  would  be 
liable  to  mistake  the  true  sounds  of  c,  g,  s,  they  are  collo- 
cated into  tables,  and  marked  with  the  proper  representa? 
tive  letter. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  figures  are  in  all  instances 
placed  over  the  accented  vowel,  and  that  the  letters  have 
no  reference  to  accent,  but  are  placed  over  their  constitu- 
ent letters,  as  they  occur  in  the  first  word  ;  for  example, 
on  the  48th  page,  c  occurs  in  the  penultimate  syllable  of 
the  word  ascetiek,  and  is  under  s,  its  representative ;  but 
in  the  succeeding  word,  c  is  found  in  the  last  syllable,  and 
without  any  obscurity  to  the  system.  The  use  of  these 
es  and  letters,  unquestionably,  gives  an  easy  guide  to 
correct  pronunciation. 

Words    alike  in  syllables,    accent,    sounds,    or    termi- 

n,  are  collected  together.     The  difficult  words  in  the 

ris  ure  collected  in  columns  for  the  learner. 

md  pronounce  before  reading;  this  practice  will 

very  rau  8f  in  this  new  and  unaccustomed  i 

The    eh  -  of  the   language,    and    so 

'  the  same,  as  appeared  necessary 
to  form  a  Key,  work  arranged  and  numbered  in 

the  beginning  of  the  book  :  References  are  made  to  these, 
by  the  use  of  figures;  thus  the  figure,  (0,)  in  the  body 
«it'  the  book,  refers  to  the  same  figure,  in  the  princi- 
ples. Some  clear  and  correct  notions  of  the  abstract  prin- 
ciples of  our  language  are  essential  to  the  acquisition, 
even  of  a  common  education  ;  and  these  are  difficult  to  be 
obtained,  without  system  ;  to  promote  which,  as  well  as. 
in  general,  the  best  means  of  cultivating  the  youthful  mind, 
has  received  the  Author's  patient  and  assiduous  consider- 
ation. 


THE   ELEMENTS 

OF 


1.  The  English  Alphabet  is  composed  of  twenty-six 
letters,  viz  :  a,  b,  c,  d,  e,  f,  g,  h,  i,  j,  k,  1,  m,  n,  o,  p,  q, 
r,  s,  t,  u,  v,  w,  x,  y,  z. 

2.  These  are  divided  into  vowels  and  consonants. 

3.  A  vowel  makes  a  perfect  sound  of  itself,  and  is 
formed  by  a  continued  effusion  of  the  breath.  The 
vowels  are  a,  e,  i,  o,  u,  to,  and  y. 

4.  Two  vowels,  forming  but  one  syllable,  are  called  a 
diphthong,  and  three,  a  triphthong.  They  are  the  follow- 
ing ;  ae,  ai,  ao,  au,  aw,  ay,  ea,  ee,  ei,  eo,  eu,  ew,  ey,  ia, 
ie^io,  oa,  oe.  oi,  oo,  on,  ow.  oy,  ue,  ui,  uy,  aye,  eau,  ewe, 
ieu,  iew,  oeu,  owe,  uoi.     (52.) 

5.  A  consonant  makes  an  imperfect  sound  of  itself,  and 
is  formed  by  an  interruption  of  a  vocal  sound.  The 
consonants  are,  b,  c,  d,  f,  g,  h,  j,  k,  1,  m,  n,  p,  q,  r,  s,  t,  v, 
x,  z.  These  are  divided  into  mutes,  semi-vowels,  and 
liquids. 

6.  The  mutes  make  no  sound  without  a  vowel.  They 
are  b,  p,  t,  d,  k,  q,  and  c  and  g  hard. 

7.  The  semi-vowels  make  a  sound  without  the  concur- 
rence of  a  vowel.     They  are/,  v,  s,  z,  x,  g  soft  or  j. 

8.  The  liquids  flow  into,  or  unite  easily  with  the  mutest 
They  are  I,  m,  n,  r. 

9.  The  consonants  are  again  divided  into  sharp  and 
flat,  simple  and  mixed.  The  sharp  are  p,  f,  t,  s,  1c,  e 
hard.  The  flat  are  6,  v,  d,  z,  g  hard.  The  simple  are 
those  that  hold  their  own  sound  unmixed  with  any  other  : 
as  b,  p,  f,  v,  k,  g.  The  mixed  are  those  that  have  some- 
times a  hiss  joined  with  them,  and  that  mingle  with  the 
sound  of  another  letter  not  expressed,  and  thereby  assume 
a  sound  different  from  their  own ;  as  t,  in  motio%  like 
moslwn.     See  p.  113. 

10.  There  is  another  division  of  consonants,  which 
arises  from  the  peculiar  action  of  the  orgaaa  in  forming 
♦hem,  viz :  the  labial?,  dentals,  gutturals,  and  nasals. 
The  labials  are  b,_p,  f,  v;  the  dentals  are  r,  d,  s,  z,  and 


soft  g  or  j ;  the  gutturals  arc  1;,  q,  c,  and  g  hard  ;    the 
nasals  are  in,  n,  and  ng.     See  p.  109. 

Quantity  and  Quality  of  the  Vowel  Sounds. 

11.  In  order  to  acquire  a  correct  understanding  of  the 
powers  of  letters,  as  they  stand  differently  affected  by 
each  other,  it  is  necessary  to  consider  the  influence  of 
accent  over  the  sounds  of  letters.  Mr.  Walker  has  very 
justly  remarked,  that  there  is  a  relaxation  or  feebleness  of 
sound,  which  succeeds  the  accent,  and  which  naturally 
suffers  the  letters  to  slide  into  a  different  sound,  a  little 
easier  to  the  organs  of  pronunciation.  Thus  the  first  a 
in  cabbage,  is  pronounced  distinctly  with  the  true  sound 
of  that  letter,  while  the  second  a,  goes  into  an  obscure 
sound  bordering  on  the  i  short. 

12.  In  the  same  manner  a,  e,  i,  o,  and  y,  coming  before 
r,  in  a  final  unaccented  syllable,  go  into  an  obscure  sound, 
very  nearly  to  that  of  u  short ;  as  martyr,  pronounced 
martur.     See  p.  31. 

13.  The  consonants  also  are  no  less  altered  in  their  po- 
sitions, than  the  vowels.  The  k  and  s,  in  the  composition 
of  x,  when  the  accent  is  on  them,  as  in  exercise,  &.c.  pre- 
serve their  strong  and  pure  sound  ;  but  when  the  accent  is 
on  the  second  syllable,  as  in  exact,  &c.  the  x  slides  into  the 
duller  and  weaker  sounds  of  g  and  z,  which  are  easier  to 
he  pronounced.      See  p.  118. 

14.  The  soft  c,  the  s,  and  t  before  a  diphthong,  slide 
into  the  sound  of  sh,  when  the  accent  is  on  the  preceding 
syllable.     Seep.  113. 

A 

15.  A  has  four  sounds.  The  first  is  a  long  open  sound, 
as  a  in  larlc,  spade,  6lc.  All  the  vowels  standing  alone 
under  the  accent,  or  ending  an  accented  syllable,  are  long. 
and  can  only  be  short,  when  followed  by  a  consonant. 
A  is  sometimes  an  exception,  as  in  the  last  syllables  of 
mam-ma  and  fa-pa,  where  it  is  broad.  -The  vowels  have 
likewise  the  long  sound,  when  followed  by  a  single  conso- 
nant and  c  mute,  tLsfate,  &x.  The  exceptions  are  have, 
urr.  gapt ,  and  bade,  the  past  time  of  bid. 

l(i.  The  second  sound  of  A  is  short :  as  a  in  man. 

17.  The  third  sound  of  A  is  a  long  broad  one,  as  a  in 
hall,  it  has  always  this  sound  when  in  the  accented  syl- 
lable, and   followed  in  that  syllable  by  //,  or  one  /;  and 


another  consonant,  except  the  mute  labials;;,  b,f  and  v. 
The  exceptions  are  mostly,  words  derived  from  the  Arabic 
and  Latin  languages ;  as  salve,  Alps,  &x.  It  has  this 
sound,  when  under  the  accent  and  preceded  by  qu;  as 
in  quart. 

18.  The  fourth  sound  is  the  broad  or  grave  a;  as  heard 
in  tar.  By  Walker  this  sound  of  a  is  called  the  long 
Italian  c,  and  is  inconsistently  marked  by  the  same  figure 
(2)  he  uses  to  represent  the  short  sounds  of  e  and  u.  This 
sound  of  a  is  always  found  before  r,  in  monosyllables  ;  as 
tar,  far,  &c  and  before  the  liquids  /,  m;  sometimes  be- 
fore If  Ire,  and  generally  before  the  sharp  dental  th,  as 
in  bath,  &x.  In  most  instances,  when  the  unaccented  a 
is  final,  it  has  the  broad  or  short  sound  ;  as  in  idea. 

Irregular  Sounds  of  A. 

19.  All  the  vowels,  when  not  under  the  accent,  fre- 
quently deviate  from  their  true  sounds.  A  and  o,  par- 
ticularly in  a  final  syllable,  not  accented,  have  an  obscure 
sound,  nearly  like  that  of?/.     See  p.  44. 

20.  There  are  some  words,  in  which  custom  has  given 
10  a,  the  short  sound  of  e ;  as  any,  many,  says — pro- 
nounced enny,  menny,  sez.     See  p.  96. 

21.  A  in  the  numerous  termination  age,  unaccented, 
nearly  approaches  the  sound  of  short  i.  The  exceptions 
to  this  rule  are  chiefly  words  of  three  syllables,  accented 
on  the  first ;  as  vassalage,  equipage,  &x.  See  p.  43. 
It  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  short  o;  as  in  wash. 

E. 

22.  E  has  two  sounds.  The  first  is  the  long  sound,  as 
heard  in  me  ;  the  second  js  the  short  sound,  as  heard  in 
bed,  feel.  E  is  always  long  when  it  ends  a  syllable,  except 
in  especial,  and  a  few  other  words,  in  which  it  is  short. 

Irregular  Sounds  of  E. 

23.  This  letter  is  distinctly  sounded  at  the  end  of  words 
derived  frc-m  the  Latin  or  Greek  languages ;  as  epitome, 
simile,  &c  but  at  the  end  of  words  purely  English,  it  is 
generally  mute,  or  nearly  so.  It  seems  to  retain  an  indis- 
tinct sound,  and  the  power  of  making  long  the  preceding 
vowel,  in  the  same  syllable  separated  by  a  single  conso- 
nant, as  7iieide,  bide,  &c. 

24.  The  first  e(  in  the  words  where,  there,  c'c;*and  ne'er. 


10 

is  pronounced  like  long  a,  as  if  written  whan,  thare,  cier, 
na'er. 

25.  Tlie  e  in  her,  is  sounded  like  short  u.  It  has  the 
same  sound  in  all  unaccented  terminations  before  r,  as 
writer,  reader,  &.c.  pronounced  toritur,  readur.  The 
same  is  true  of  final  c,  preceded  by  r,  in  an  unaccented 
syllable,  as  if  it  wore  followed  by  r,  as  in  lucre,  theatre, 
&c.  pronounced  lukur,  theatur,  &c.     See  p.  111. 

26.  In  sergeant,  and  some  other  words,  the  first  e  is 
sounded  like  a. 

27.  In  yes,  pretty,  England,  the  e  is  pronounced  like 
short  i ;  and  in  a  final  unaccented  syllable,  it  often  slides 
into  the  same  sound,  as  faces.  potts,  women,  pronounced 
faciz,  poitz,  witnin.     See  p.  97: 

I. 
2S.  This  letter  has  two  sounds.     The  first  is  a  long 
sound,  as  heard  in  the  word  time. 

29.  The  second  is  a  short  sound,  as  hoard  in  bid. 

30.  When  i  ends  the  first  syllable,  and  the  accent  is 
on  the  second,  commencing  with  a  vowel,  it  is  generally 
Jong.  When  hi,  tri,  cki,  cli,  ti,  or  tri  makes  the  first  syl- 
lable, and  the  accent  is  on  the  second,  the  i  is  generally- 
long.  The  i  is  generally  long  in  the  terminations  ide, 
ifc,  &,c.  Tlie  i  is  long  in  the  last  syllable,  when  the  ac- 
cent is  on  the  last  syllable  but  two.  The  i  is  generally 
long  in  the  accented  terminations',  ite,  ire. 

31.  The  i  is  generally  short  in  ei.fi.  mi, phi,  pi,  ph 
si  and  ti,  before  the  accent.     The  i  is  short  in  di  b< 

an  accented  syllable  beginning  with  a  consonant:  it  is 
often  short,  when  ending  the  accented  syllable,  and  the 
next  following  begins  with  e  soft,  or  t. 

*  Irregular  Sounds  of  I.   . 

32.  When  i  ends  an  initial  syllable,  without  the  accent, 
and  the  following  syllable  begins  with  a  consonant,  the  i 
takes  the  sound  oft;  as  in  dilate.     In  monosyllables,  the 

has  often  the  sound  of  short  e. 

33.  i  or  y  preceded  by  g  hard,  or  k,  is  sometimes  pro- 
nounced as  if  an  e  were  inserted  between  the  consonant 
and  the  vowel,  and  faintly  sounded;  thus  kind  and  sky 
are  pronounced  keind  and  skey. 

O. 

34.  Tlie  letter  n  has  four  sounds.  The  first  is  a  long 
sound,  as  heard  in  tone. 


11 

35.  The  second  is  a  short  sound,  as  in  not,  or  lot. 

36.  The  third  is  a  broad  sound,  as  in  or,  or  north. 

37.  The  fourth  is  a  sound  corresponding  to  oo,  as  in  move. 

38.  The  o  is  generally  broad  before  r,  in  monosyllables. 
See  p.  79. 

Irregular  sounds  of  O. 

39.  The  letter  o  generally  takes  the  sound  of  short  u, 
when  succeeded  by  the  liquids  n,  ?n,  r,  or  the  semi-vowels 
i>,  z,  th  ;  as  above,  come,  &c. 

40.  The  o,  sometimes  takes  the  sound  of  broad  u ;  as 
in  woman  ;  sometimes  of  short  i,  as  in  women. 

41.  The  o  is  generally  suppressed  in  an  unaccented 
syllable  when  preceded  by  c,  k,  d,  p,  or  s,  and  followed  by 
n.     See  p.  113. 

U. 

42.  The  letter  u  has  three  sounds.  The  first  is  a  long 
sound,  as  heard  in  tube. 

43.  The  second  is  a  short  sound,  as  heard  in  sun. 

44.  The  third  is  a  broad  sound,  as  heard  in  full. 

Irregular  Sounds  of  U. 

45.  When  u  is  preceded  by  r,  it  takes  the  sound  of  oo  ; 
but  this  sound  of  u  is  never  formed  in  words  from  the 
learned  languages. 

4C.  U  has  the  sound  of  i  in  busy,  business ;  and  the 
sound  of  e,  in  bury. 

47.  Long  u  in  the  syllable  ure,  is  generally  sounded  as 
if  a  y  preceded  it ;  but  when  it  follows  the  soft  buzzing  s 
and  the  accented  syllable,  it  is  sounded  as  it' zh  preceded  it. 

W. 

48.  The  natural  sound  of  this  letter  is  that  of  oo  as  heard 
in  too,  &c.  It  has  sometimes  the  irregular  sound  of 
broad  u  as  in  allow.  It  is  aspirated,  when  followed  by  h; 
as  when.  Y. 

49.  The  letter  y  has  two  sounds.  The  first  is  a  long 
sound  ;  as  in  rhyme,  and  is  equivalent  to  long  i. 

50.  The  second  is  a  short  sound,  as  in  system,  and  is 
equivalent  to  short  i. 

Irregular  sounds  of  Y. 

51.  The  unaccented  y,  at  the  end  of  a  syllable,Iike  i, 
in  the  same  situation,  takes  the  sound  of  long  e  ;  thus, 
vanity,  pronounced  vanitec.     The  only  exception  to  this 


\2 

rule  is,  when /precedes  y,  in  a  final  syllable,  the  y  is  then 
long,  as  hi  justify.  The  y,  when  used  in  the  word  my, 
without  emphasis,  is  pronounced  like  c  short,  (me.) 

DIPHTHONGS. 

52.  A  diphthong  is  two  vowel  sounds,  united  and  ut- 
tered by  the  same  emission  of  breath,  so  as  to  form  but 
one  syllable ;  where  two  vowels  are  united  and  but  one 
of  them  sounded,  it  is  not,  strictly  speaking,  a  diphthong, 
and  is  therefore  called  an  Improper  Diphthong. 

AE. 

53.  The  diphthongs  ac  and  oc  are  nearly  out  of  use  in 
the  English,  being  changed  to  e,  but  are  retained  in  the 
Latin  language.  This  sound  is  generally  like  long  c,  when 
under  the  accent ;  but  when  in  the  first  or  last  syllable, 
unaccented,  it  is  short. 

AL 

54.  This  diphthong  has  generally  the  sound  of  long  a; 
as  in  plait,  (a  fold  of  cloth,)  and  in  said,  (when  an  adjec- 
tive,) but  when  said  is  a  verb,  the  diphthong  is  like  short 
e,  and  rhymes  with  bed.     See  p.  77. 

55.  It  is  sometimes  like  short  a ;  as  in  plaid,  raillery, &,c. 

56.  It  is  sometimes  like  short  e ;  as  in  again,  &c. 

57.  It  is  like  long  i,  in  aisle. 

58.  When  it  is  in  a  final  unaccented  syllable,  the  a  is 
tunk,  and  the  i  is  pronounced  short;  as  in  mountain,  &c. 
As  feebleness  naturally  succeeds  force,  so  the  vowels  im- 
mediately after  the  accent,  take  such  sounds  as  require 
the  least  exertion  of  the  organs  to  pronounce  them. 

AO. 

59.  This  diphthong  occurs  only  in  the  word  gaol,  and 
has  the  sound  of  long  a. 

AU. 

60.  The  diphthong  au  has  generally  the  sound  of  long 
broad  a ;  as  heard  in  ball,  hall,  &.c.     See  p.  79. 

61.  When  this  diphthong  is  followed  by  n  and  another 
consonant,  it  takes  the  sound  of  broad  a ;  as  heard  in  far, 
&c.  ;  thus  aunt,  &,c.  The  only  exceptions  to  this  sound, 
aj-e  vaunt,  avaunt ;  in  which  words  the  diphthong  has  the 
sound  of  long  broad  a.     See  p.  80. 

62.  This  diphthong  has  the  sound  of  long  o  in  hautboy ; 


13 

of  short  o  in  caulifotver,  laurel,  laudanum ;  and  of  long 
a  ;  as  in  gauge. 

A  W. 

63.  The  diphthong  aw  has  always  the  long  broad  sound 
of  a,  as  heard  in  ball.     See  p.  79. 

AY. 

64.  This  diphthong  has  generally  the  sound  of  long  a. 
as  in  pay,  &c.  It  has  the  sound  of  long  e  in  the  word 
quay,  as  if  written  key.     See  p.  80. 

65.  A  Y,  like  ai,  coming  immediately  after  the  accent- 
ed syllable,  drops  the  first  vowel  ;  thus,  monday,  captain, 
are  pronounced  mondy,  captin. 

66.  A  Y  has  the  sound  of  short  e,  in  says.     See  p.  83. 

EA. 

67.  The  most  frequent  sound  of  the  diphthong  ea  is 
that  of  long  c,  as  in  yea.     See  p.  77. 

68.  It  has  frequently  the  sound  of  short  e,  as  mjiead. 

69.  It  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  long  a,  as  in  swear. 

70.  This  diphthong  preceding  r,  sometimes  takes  a 
sound  nearly  like  short  u.  Its  true  sound  is  that  of  i  be- 
fore r,  followed  by  another  consonant ;  thus,  earth  is  pro- 
nounced irlh. 

71.  EA  is  sometimes  pronounced  like  broad  a;  as  ins 
heart ;  and  sometimes  like  short  a ;   as  in  vengeance. 

EE. 

72.  The  diphthong  ee ,  in  nearly  all  words,  has  a  compress- 
ed sound  of  long  e.     See  p.  77. 

73.  It  has  the  sound  of  short  t,  in  been,  pronounced 
bin.     See  p.  80. 

EI. 

74.  The  most  frequent  sound  of  this  diphthong,  is  that 
of  long  a  ;  as  in  deign,  feign,  &,c.     See  p.  80. 

75.  EI  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  long  e;  as  in 
seize,  &c. 

76.  It  has  but  seldom  the  sound  of  short  e ;  as  iff 
heifer. 

77.  EI  has  the  sound  of  long  i  ;  as  in  height,  &c. 

78.  When  this  diphthong  is  unaccented,  (like  ai,)  it 
drops  the  sound  of  the  former  vowel,  and  retains  the  sound 
of  short  i ;  as  in  forfeit,  &c. 

B 


14 

EO. 

79.  This  diphthong  is  sometimes  pronounced  like  short 
e;  as  in  leopard,  &x.  It  has  the  sound  of  long  e,  in 
people. 

80.  In  Georgich,  it  has  the  sound  of  broad  o;  and  in 
yeoman  and  yeomanry,  it  has  the  sound  of  long  o. 

81.  EO  when  unaccented  has  the  sound  of  short  u  ;  as 
in  surgeon,  &ic.     See  p.  107. 

82.  It  has  sometimes,  when  unaccented,  the  sound  of 
short  i;  as  in  scutcheon,  &lc.     See  p.  107. 

EU. 

83.  This  diphthong  has  the  sound  of  long  n,  except 
when  it  follows  r,  or  r  and  silent  h,  where  it  sounds  like 
oo ;  as  in  rheum. 

EW. 

84.  The  diphthong  ew,  is  generally  pronounced  like 
long  u  ;  but  when  it  follows  /•  or  ch,  it  takes  the  sound  of 
oo ;  as  in  brew,  &,c.  ;  except  in  strew  and  strewn,  in  which 
words  and  in  some  others,  it  has  the  sound  of  long  o. 
See  p.  98. 

EY. 

85.  When  the  accent  is  on  the  diphthong,  it  has  the 
sound  of  long  a,  except  in  key  and  ley,  where  it  is  sound- 
ed like  long  e.     See  p.  80,  100. 

86.  EY,  unaccented,  is  pronounced  like  ee,  faintly 
sounded;  as  in  valley.  The  word  survey  is  an  exception, 
and  has  the  sound  of  long  a.     See  p.  97. 

87.  This  diphthong  has  the  sound  of  short  i ;  as  in 
carriage,  &lc. 

88.  IA  in  the  terminations  ian,  ial,  iard,  and  rate,  form 
but  one  syllable,  still  both  vowels  are  sounded  ;  the  former 
has  a  sound  similar  to  y,  but  so  faintly  and  imperfectly 
sounded,  as  not  to  make  a  distinct  syllable. 

IE. 

89.  This  diphthong  has  generally  the  sound  of  long  e . 
as  in  chief,  &lc.  It  has  the  sound  of  short  c  „•  as  in 
friend,  &c. 

90.  It  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  long  i ;  as  in  die, 
&c.  ;  and  sometimes  of  short  i ;  as  in  sieve. 

91.  IE  coming  after  a  liquid,  frequently  form  two  syl- 
lables ;  as  in  orient,  &c. 


15 

92.  IE,  in  an  unaccented  termination,  has  the  sound  of 
e,  which  in  this  situation  is  sounded  like  u.  The  former 
vowel,  when  it  follows  the  accent,  may  be  said  to  have 
the  sound  of  y ;  thus  brazier,  is  pronounced  braze-yur. 

IO. 

93.  When  the  accent  is  upon  these  vowels,  they  form 
two  syllables,  as  vi-o-lent ;  but  when  unaccented,  and  pre- 
ceded by  s  or  t,  the  i  is  generally  sunk,  and  the  o  pro- 
nounced as  it  usually  is  in  this  situation,  like  short  u  ;  if 
these  vowels  are  preceded  by  st,  the  t  is  sounded  tsh,  as 
question,  pronounced  questshun.     See  p.  114. 

94.  This  diphthong  sometimes  sinks  the  o,  and  the  i 
lakes  the  short  sound  ;  as  in  cushion,  pronounced  cushin. 

95.  When  these  vowels  occur  in  the  termination  ion., 
and  are  preceded  by  any  of  the  consonants,  but  s  or  t, 
although  they  make  but  one  syllable,  yet  they  are  both 
sounded  separately,  as  in  companion,  pronounced  compan- 
yun.     See  p.     117. 

OA. 

96.  This  diphthong  has  generally  the  sound  of  long  o. 
It  has  the  sound  of  long  broad  a,  in  broad,  groat,  abroad. 

OE. 

97.  This  diphthong,  in  all  words  derived  from  the 
learned  languages,  has  the  sound  of  c,  and  comes  under 
the  remarks  on  that  vowel. 

98.  In  doe,  foe,  &c.  it  has  the  sound  of  long  o  ;  in 
canoe,  and  shoe,  of  oo  ;  and  in  the  verb  does,  it  has  the 
pound  of  u.     See  p.  78. 

OI. 

99.  The  natural  and  general  sound  of  this  diphthong, 
is  that  of  broad  o,  and  short  i,  as  heard  in  voice.  See  p.  80. 

100.  The  £  is  sometimes  sounded  like  short  e;  some- 
times like  long  e,  as  in  chamois.     The  i  is  long  in  choir. 

OO. 

101.  This  diphthong  has  generally  a  sound  peculiar  to 
itself,  like  that  heard  in  moon,  bloom,  room,  &,c. 

102.  It  has  the  sound  of  long  o,  in  door,  &c.  ;  of  broad 
v,  in  ivool,  icood,  &c. ;  and  of  short  u,  in  blood,  &c. 

OU. 

103.  The  most  frequent  sound  of  this  diphthong    is 


16 

composed  of  broad  o,  and  broad  //,  and  is  that  heard  in 
bound.     See  p.  99. 

104.  It  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  long  o ;  as  in 
court,  &lc. 

105.  It  has  the  sound  of  long  broad  a,  in  fought :  of 
oo,  in  group  ;  of  short  u,  in  adjourn  ;  of  broad  u,  in  could, 
and  of  short  o,  in  lough — pronounced  loch:     See  p.  80. 

OW. 

106.  The  sound  of  this  diphthong  is  generally  that  of 
broad  o,  and  broad  u,  as  heard  in  bound.  It  is  found  in 
cow,  clown,  frown,  &ic.     See  p.  97. 

107.  It  has  frequently  the  sound  of  long  o ;  as  in  row, 
loio.  OIF  has  always  this  sound,  when  in  a  final  unac- 
cented syllable  ;  as  in  sorrow. 

OY. 

108.  For  the  sounds  of  this  diphthong,  see  oi.  See  p.  99. 

UA. 

109.  When  the  a  is  sounded,  the  u  has  the  power  of//', 
and  both  are  pronounced  in  one  syllable :  thus,  antiquati 
is  pronounced  antikwate.  This  sound  always  obtains, 
when  the  diphthong  is  preceded  by  s.  The  //  is  some- 
times nearly  silent,  retaining  but  a  faint  sound  ;  as  in 
guard. 

UE.  * 

110.  This  diphthong  coming  after  s,  or  q,  and  having 
both  vowels  sounded,  and  forming  but  one  syllable,  has 
«he  //  sounded  like  w ;  thus  conquest  is  pronounced  cong- 
kwest. 

111.  UE  ending  a  final  syllable,  sinks  the  c,  and  ob- 
tains the  sound  of  long  ?/ ;  as  clue,  cue,  &-c.     See  p.  78. 

112.  Sometimes  the  u  is  sunk,  and  the  e  has  the  short 
sound  ;  as  in  guess. 

113.  This  diphthong  after  r,  has  the  sound  of  oo  ;  as 
in  true.  In  some  words  both  vowels  are  sunk  ;  as  in 
vague.     See  p,  108. 

UL 

114.  The  //  in  this  diphthong,  as  in  ua  or  we,  is  often 
pronounced  like  w.     See  p.  99. 

1 15.  The  it  has  sometimes  the  faint  sound  of/1,  and  the 
?  is  pronounced  long  :  as  in  guide,  &c.  The  i  is  some- 
times  short  ;  as  in  guild,  &c 


17 

116.  Sometimes  the  i  is  silent,  and  the  u  has  the  long 
sound  ;  as  in  suit. 

117.  When  this  diphthong  is  preceded  by  r,  it  is  pro- 
nounced like  oo  ;  as  in  fruit.    See  p.  125. 

UO. 

118.  The  u,  in  this  diphthong,  is  always  pronounced 
like  to  ;  as  in  quorum. 

UY 

119.  This  diphthong  accented,  sinks  the  u,  and  pro- 
nounces the  y  like  long  i,  but  when  not  accented,  the  y 
is.  sounded  like  long  e;  as  in  plaguy,  &c. 

TRIPHTHONGS. 
EAU. 

120.  This  triphthong  has  generally  the  sound  of  long 
o.  In  the  word  beauty  and  its  compounds,  it  has  the 
sound  of  long  u. 

EOU. 

121.  These  vowels  cannot  strictly  be  called  a  triph- 
thong, although  they  are  often  contracted  into  one  sylla- 
ble. They  are  found  only  in  an  unaccented  syllable,  and 
generally  a  final  one  ;  when  either  of  the  dentals  d  or  t  is 
the  next  preceding  letter,  it  is  coalesced  into  the  sound  of 
j  or  tck  ;  thus  hideous  and  piteous  are  pronounced  Mjeus 
and  pitcheus. 

EWE. 

122.  This  triphthong  has  a  faint  sound  of  long  e,  and 
the  long  sound  of  u,  and  exists  only  in  the  word  ewe ,  a  fe- 
male sheep. 

EYE. 

123.  This  triphthong  has  the  sound  of  long  t. 

1EU.     IEW. 

124.  These  triphthongs  have  the  sound  of  long  u  ;  as 
in  adieu,  view,  &c. 

IOU. 

125.  These  vowels,  when  preceded  by  a  liquid,  or  any 
mute  but  a  dental,  form  two  syllables ;  as  in  various. 
When  preceded  by  the  dentals  t,  soft  c  and  s,  they  make 
but  one  syllable ;  thus  factious  is  sounded  as  if  written 
fakshus.     See  p.  113. 

126.  These  vowels  have  the  same  tendency,  as  in  the 

v.  2 


IS 

above  situation  to  aspiration  after  a  dental  mute  ;  tedious 
is  pronounced  as  if  written  tc-jc-us;  for  it  is  the  natural 
tendency  of  d,  to  slide  into  the  sound  of  t  or  j,  and  to  be 
subject  to  the  same  aspiration,  when  followed  by  the  same 
vowels.    See  p.  111. 

OEU.     OWE. 

127.  The  triphthong  oeu  is  found  in  the  French  word 
manoeuvre,  and  has  the  sound  of  oo.  Owe  has  the  sound 
of  long  o,  and  occurs  only  in  the  word  otoe. 

UAL 

128.  U  in  these  vowels  has  the  power  of  w,  and  ai  that 
of  long  a,  as  in  quaint.     See  p.  77. 

UA  Y.     UEA.     UEE. 

I '-20.  The  combinations  of  these  vowels  do  not  form 
triphthongs,  as  the  u  has  always  the  sound  of  w,  unless  it 
is  silent,  and  ca  and  ee  have  the  sound  of  long  e  as  in 
quay,  &ic.     See  p.  80. 

VOL     UOY. 
1  30.  In  uoi,  the  it  has  the  sound  of  w,  and  oi,  its  natu- 
ral sound,  as  heard  in  quoit.     In  uoy,  the  uo  is  sometimes 
soun/led  like  oo,  and  the  y  is  generally  like  long  e,  as  in 
buoy. 

OF  TIIF.  CONSONANTS. 
B. 

131.  B  has  always  one  and  the  same  sound,  as  in 
bite  ;  it  is  silent  before  t,  and  after  m,  in  the  same  syllable. 
The  exceptions  arc  accumb,  succumb,  and  subfile.  See  p.  95. 

a 

132.  C  has  always  the  power  of  h,  s,  or  z ;— of  k,  before 
a,   o,  and   «;  of  s,  before  e,  i,  and  y ;  and  of  z,  in 
suffice,  sacrifice,  discern.     It  is  always  hard  like  k,  at  the 
end  of  a  word.     See  p.  82. 

133.  C  is  sometimes  silent. 

VM.  "When  c  comes  after  the  accent,  and  is  followed  by 
cu.  id,  it ,  io,  or  eous,  it  takes  the  sound  of  sh  ;  thus  ocean 
is  pronounced  oshean.     See.  p.  113. 

D. 

135.  D  has  generally  the  same  sound;  but  in  verbs 
ending  in  ed,  in  the  past  time,  after  c,  /,  k,  p,  ss,  ch.  $M 
an'd  x,  it  has  the  sound  of  t.     See  p.  105. 


19 

136.  It  has  the  sound  of/,  when  it  comes  after  the  ac- 
cent, and  is  followed  by  the  diphthong,  ie,  io,  ia,  or  eou  ; 
as  in  soldier,  pronounced  soljur.     See  p.  111. 

137.  It  is  silent  before  g",  in  the  same  syllable,  and  serves 
to  make  the  g  soft ;  it  is  silent  in  a  few  other  words. 

138.  This  letter  has  always  its  own  sound,  except  in  of, 
pronounced  ov. 

G. 

139.  G  has  a  hard  sound  before  a,  o,  v,  b,  and  r ;  as 
in  game.  It  is  sometimes  hard  before  c,  and  i ;  always 
so  in  words  derived  from  the  Saxon.     See  p.  108. 

140.  G  is  generally  soft,  with  the  sound  of  j,  before  e, 
i,  and  y ;  and  almost  in  all  words  of  Greek,  Latin,  or 
French  original.     See  p.  107. 

141.  This  letter  is  always  silent  before  m  and  n,  in  the 
same  syllable. 

H. 

142.  This  letter  is  no  more  than  a  forcible  breathing 
before  the  succeeding  vowel  is  pronounced.  It  is  often 
sounded  at  the  beginning  of  words,  but  sometimes  silent. 
It  is  always  silent  after  r.  //"final,  preceded  by  a  vowel, 
is  always  silent,  as  ah  !  sirrah. 

J. 

143.  J  has  always  the  sound  of  soft  g,  except  in  the 
word  hallelujah,  where  it  is  pronounced  like  y. 

K. 

144.  K  has  but  one  sound,  and  that  like  hard  c.  K  is 
always  silent  before  n.  When  preceded  by  c,  and  at  the 
end  of  words,  it  should  not  be  excluded,  for  it  is  a  con- 
stituent part  of  the  original  word,  and  if,  in  sound,  it  is 
not  important,  in  analogy  it  is  highly  so. 

L. 

145.  L  has  always  the  same  sound;  it  is  generally  si- 
lent before  f,  k,  m,  and  v,  when  preceded  by  a,  in  the 
same  syllable.  When  m  is  separated  from  /,  by  com- 
mencing another  syllable,  it  is  sounded,  as  in  psalmist. 
L  is  always  silent  in  the  auxiliary  verbs,  would,  &c.  It 
is  silent  in  many  other  words. 

146.  L  preceded  by  a  mute,,  and  followed  by  e.  in  a 
final  syllable,  has  an  imperfect  sound,  and  the  final  e  is 
suppressed. 


20 

M. 

147.  M  has  always  the  same  sound  as  in  them  :  except 
in  comptroller,  pronounced  controller. 

N. 

148.  N  has  a  simple  and  pure  sound  ;  as  in  then.  It 
has  a  mixed  and  nasal  sound,  like  ng,  when  it  is  under 
the  accent,  and  after  the  short  sound  of  the  vowel,  and  is 
followed  hy  the  sharp  or  flat  guttural  mutes,  g  hard,  or  k, 

,ff  hard,  qu,  or  x  ;  thus,  thank  is  pronounced  thangk.     See 
p.  109. 

149.  iVis  silent,  when  it  ends  a  word  or  syllable,  and 
is  {.receded  by  I  or  m. 

P. 

150.  This  letter  is  silent  before  5  and  t,  at  the  begin- 
ning of  words.  It  is  silent  in  the  middle  of  words,  or  in 
;i  final  syllable,  when  before  t,  and  preceded  by  m.  It  is 
silent  in  some  other  instances. 

Q 

151.  Q  has  the  power  of  k,  and  is  always  followed  by 
a,  which  is  either  pronounced  like  w,  or  is  silent. 

R. 

152.  R  is  never  silent,  but  its  sound  is  sometimes  trans- 
posed. In  a  final  unaccented  syllable,  terminating  with 
re,  the  e  is  sounded  before  the  r  ,•  thus  acre,  sounded  akcr. 
See  p.  111. 

153.  The  same  transposition  takes  place  in  the  letters 
run;  as  in  apron,  iron,  pronounced  apurn,  &.c. 

S. 

154.  This  consonant  has  always  a  hissing  sound,  like 
that  of  c,  as  heard  in  sin;  or  like  that  of  z,  as  heard  in 
was.  The  former  is  the  natural  sound  of  a-,  and  occurs  at 
the  beginning  of  words,  and  when  it  immediately  follows 
any  of  the  sharp  mutes,/,  k,  p,  and  t,  and  when  it  is  add- 
ed to  the  mute  c,  after  any  of  these  letters. 

155.  It  has  this  sound  of  c,  generally  at  the  end  of 
monosyllables ;  and  often  at  the  end  of  words  of  two  or 
more  syllables,  if  it  be  in  an  unaccented  syllable,  and  pre- 
ceded by  any  of  the  vowels  but  e;  as  in  basis. 

156.  Every  double  s  in  the  language  has  the  above 
sound,  except  dissolve,  possess,  and  their  compounds ;  and 
scissors,  hussy,  and  hussar.     It  likewise   has  the  above 


21 

Sound,  when  followed  by  c,  except  in  the  word  discern, 
and  in  the  inseparable  prepositions  dis  and  mis,  unless  the 
next  syllable  begins  with  a  sharp  consonant.  It  has,  like- 
wise, this  sound  when  followed  by  c,  in  the  final  syllable  of 
adjectives,  in  the  terminations  sive,  sort/,  some  and  osity,  and 
when  followed  by  r,  and  preceded  by  the  liquids  /,  n,  or  r. 

157.  *fc'  has  a  soft  buzzing  sound  like  that  of  z,  when 
it  immediately  follows  the  flat  mutes,  b,  d,  g  hard,  or  v  ; 
and  when  it  begins  the  last  syllable,  and  is  preceded  by 
the  long  accent,  or  when  in  the  accented  syllable  it  is 
preceded  by  e,  i,  or  u,  and  followed  by  e ,  i,  or  si.   See  p.  35. 

158.  It  has  this  buzzing  sound,  when  it  forms  an  ad- 
ditional syllable  with  c  before  it,  in  the  plural  of  nouns, 
and  the  third  person  singular  of  verbs. 

150.  S,  in  dis,  unaccented,  and  followed  by  aflat  mute, 
a  liquid,  or  a  vowel,  is  always  like  z. 

160.  S  has  the  sound  of  z,  in  the  monosyllables,  is,  as, 
iras,  has,  and  his,  and  in  all  plurals  of  nouns,  and  third 
person  singular  of  verbs,  whose  singulars  end  in  a  vowel. 
See  p.  83.' 

161.  Some  verbs  ending  in  se,  have  the  s,  like  z,  to  dis- 
tinguish them  from  nouns  or  adjectives  of  the  same  form  ; 
as  grease,  a  noun  ;  grease,  a  verb,  pronounced  greaze. 

162.  &y,  and  sey,  at  the  end  of  words,  if  preceded 
by  a  vowel  with  the  accent  on  it,  have  the  s  pronounced 
like  z. 

163.  S  sounds  like  z,  in  the  terminations  ise,  set,  san, 
son,  sen,  and  sin,  accented.     There  are  but  i'ew  exceptions, 

164.  $has  generally  this  sound  after  pre,  pro,  and  re. 

165.  S  is  aspirated,  and  goes  into  the  sound  of  ch,  sh, 
or  zJt,  when  it  is  preceded  by  the  accent,  and  followed  by 
a  semi-consonant  diphthong.  In  the  termination  sion 
preceded  by  a  vowel,  s  has  the  aspirated  sound,  zli ;  It 
has  the  same  aspiration  when  before  u,  and  is  preceded 
by  an  accented  vowel  ;  as  pleasure,  &,c.  ;  but  when  s  is 
preceded  by  a  liquid  or  another  s,  it  is  sounded  sh ;  as 
sensual,  &c. 

166.  S  is  sometimes  silent  ;  as  in  isle,  &,c.  It  is  gene- 
rally silent  at  the  end  of  French  words ;  as  in  sous,  pro- 
nounced soo. 

T. 

167.  This  letter  coming  after  the  accent,  often  slides 
into  the  sound  of  s,  sh,  or  tsh ;  this  will  not  appear  strange^ 


22 

when  we  consider  the  organick  formation  of  this  letter, 
in  connexion  with  those  vowels,  that  occasion  this  peculiar 
sound.  In  the  syllable  tion,  it  being  unaccented,  the  i 
and  o  are  sounded  like  e  and  u  ;  and  ten  produces  the  same 
hiss,  and  requires  the  same  formation  of  the  organs  that 
■hi,  requires  ;  therefore,  tion  very  naturally  slides  into  the 
sound  of  shun.  This  sound  of  t,  is  generally  heard  when 
it  comes  immediately  after  the  accent ;  thus  satiate  is  pro- 
nounced saslwatr. 

108.  The  diphthongs  ia,  ie,  iu,  iu,  and  u  alone,  after  t 
and  the  accent,  have  the  power  of  drawing  the  t  into  the 
sound  of  sh  or  tch.  This  pronunciation  of  t  obtains  in 
every  word,  where  the  diphthong  or  diphthongal  sound 
commences  with  i  or  e ;  except  in  the  terminations  of 
most  verbs  and  adjectives. 

1(59.  In  almost  all  words  where  s,  x,  or  n,  precedes  t, 
and  this  letter  is  followed  as  above,  it  is  pronounced  like 
tch  or  tsh,  unless  the  syllable  next  after  t,  commences  with 
long  u,  in  which  case  y  seems  to  coalesce  with  the  sound 
of  u.     See  p.  ll.*>. 

170.  T  is  silent  when  it  follows  s,  and  precedes  the 
terminations  en  and  It;  as  hasten,  &c.  T  is  silent,  in 
gome  other  instances. 

V. 

171.  This  letter  has  but  one  sound,  and  is  never  silent. 

X. 

172.  X  has  a  sharp  sound  like  les,  when  it  ends  a  sylla- 
ble, with  the  accent  upon  it ;  or  when  the  next  syllable 
is  accented,  and  it  begins  with  a  consonant ;  or  when 
the  secondary' accent  is  on  the  x,  in  polysyllables.  It  is 
likewise  sharp  in  compound  words,  where  the  primitive 
ends  in  x  ;  as  taxation,  pronounced  taksation.  See  p.  110. 

173.  X  has  a  soft  sound  like  gz,  when  the  following 
syllable  is  accented,  and  it  begins  with  a  vowel  or  silent 
h,  before  the  vowel ;  as  exert,  exhibit,  pronounced  egzert, 
egzibit. 

174.  When  the  unaccented  syllable  follows  x,  and  be- 
gins with  a  vowel,  that  vowel  is  aspirated  and  takes  the 
sound  of  y,  as  luxury. 

175.  X  at  the  beginning  of  words  has  the  sound  of  2; 
as  Xerxes,  pronounced  Zerkses. 

170.  X  in  French  words  is  sometimes  silent,  and  is 
sometimes  pronounced  like  s. 


23 
z. 

177.  Z  is  the  soft  buzzing  s,  and  goes  into  the  aspira- 
1011  before  a  diphthong  or  diphthongal  vowel  after  the  ac- 
cent ;  as  glazier,  pronounced  glazhur. 

178.  Z  is  sometimes  silent  in  French  words;  as  in 

rendezvous,  &c. 

CONSONANTS  COMBINED. 
GH. 

179.  These  letters  at  the  beginning  of  a  word,  drop  the 
h ;  but  at  the  end  they  are  generally  silent ;  as  in  high, 
nigh,  &,c.  They  have  sometimes  the  power  of  ck;  as  in 
hough,  pronounced  hock. 

180.  GH  is  often  pronounced  like  f ;  and  sometimes 
only  the  g  is  sounded,  as  in  burgh,  pronounced  burg. 

GUT 

181.  The  gh,  in  this  termination,  is  silent ;  as  in  might. 
The  only  exception  is  draught,  where  the  gh  has  the 
sound  ofy. 

PH. 

182.  These  letters  are  generally  pronounced  like  f  but 
sometimes  like  v.  In  some  words,  the  /*  is  mute.  In 
phthisis,  phthisick,  and  phthisical,  both  letters  are  mute. 
Seep.  110. 

TIL 

183.  This  combination  at  the  beginning  of  words  is 
sharp  ;  as  in  thank,  think,  &-c.  There  are  many  excep- 
tions to  this  remark.  TH  at  the  end  of  words  is  sharp  ; 
as  death,  &c.  The  exceptions  are  beneath,  booth,  with, 
&c.     See  p.  85. 

184.  TH  between  two  vowels  in  words  purely  English, 
is  generally  soft;  as  in  father,  &c. 

185.  These  letters  are  sharp  in  the  middle  of  words, 
either  when  they  precede  or  follow  a  consonant,  as  pan- 
ther, &c.     The  exceptions  are  farthing,  farther,  &,c. 

186.  They  are  generally  sharp  between  two  vowels,  in 
words  from  the  learned  languages.  The  h  is  sometimes 
silent ;  as  in  Thomas,  &c. 

OF  WORDS. 
A  word  is  a  significant   sound,  or  the  sign  of  an  idea. 
Every  word  consists  of  one  or  more  syllables.     A  syllable 
is  a  sound,  either  simple  or  compounded,  and  can  be  pro- 
nounced by  a  single  impulse  #f  the  voice. 


24 

A  word  of  one  syllable  is  called  a  monosyllable  5 
two  dissyllable ; 

three  trisyllable  ; 

four  polysyllable. 

187.  Words  are  either  primitive  or  derivative.  A 
primitive  is  not  derived  from  any  other  word  ;  as  lovt>. 
A  derivative  is  derived  from  some  other  word ;  as  from 
love  is  derived  loving  ;  from  prefer,  preferring.  Deriva- 
tive words  are  generally  formed  by  affixing  one  or  more 
syllables  to  the  primitive;  as  love,  lov-ing,  lov-ing-ness. 

Rules  for  Spelling  or  Forming  Words. 

188.  Rule  1.  Monosyllables  ending  with  the  consonant 
f  I,  or  5,  preceded  by  a  single  vowel,  double  the  final  or 

last  consonant,  as  staff,  mill,  pass,  small,  stress,  spell, 
shall,  will,  gross.  The  only  exceptions  are,  as,  has,  is 
this,  wets,  his,  if,  of  us,  yes,  and  thus. 

189.  Rule  2.  Monosyllables,  ending  with  any  conso- 
nant but/",  /,  or  s,  and  preceded  by  a  single  vowel,  do  not 
double  the  final  consonant,  excepting  arid,  ebb,  butt,  egg, 
odd,  err,  inn,  bunn,  burr,  buzz.  Examples. — Far,  thin, 
for,  set,  car,  war,  drug,  nor,  hum,  fin,  fur,  &,c. 

190.  Rule  3.  Words  ending  with  y,  preceded  by  a  con- 
sonant, form  the  plurals  of  nouns,  the  persons  of  verbs, 
verbal  nouns,  past  participles,  comparatives,  and  superla- 
tives, by  changing  the  y  into  i  ;  as  spy,  spies  ;  1  carry, 
thou  earnest,  he  carr/es  ;  carr/er,  earned ;  happy,  hap- 
p/'er,  happ/est.  The  present  participle  in  trig,  retains  the 
y,  that  i  may  not  be  doubled  ;  as  carry,  carrying.  But  y 
preceded  by  a  vowel,  in  such  instances  as  the  above,  is 
not  changed  :  as  boy,  boys  ;  cloy,  cloyed.  Except  in  lay, 
pay,  and  say  ;  from  which  are  formed  laid,  paid,  said. 

191.  Rule  4.  Words  ending  with  y,  preceded  by  a 
consonant,  upon  assuming  or  taking  an  additional  sylla- 
ble, beginning  with  a  consonant,  commonly  change  y  into 
i ;  as  happy,  happily.  But  when  y  is  preceded  by  a 
vowel,  it  is  rarely  changed  in  the  additional  syllable;  as 
boy,  boyish,  boyhood. 

192.  Rule  -r>.  Monosyllables,  and  words  accented  on 
the  last  syllable,  ending  with  a  single  consonant  preceded 
by  a  single  vowel,  double  that  consonant,  when  they  take 
another  syllable  beginning  with  a  vowel;  as  wit,  witty, 
thin,  thinnish  ;  begin,  beginner.  But  if  a  diphthong  pre- 
cedes, or  the  accent  is  on  the  preceding  syllable,  the  con- 
sonant remains  single;  as  toil,  toiling;  offer,  offering. 


m 

193.  Rule  0.  Words  ending  in  any  double  letter  but 
/,  and  taking  ness,  less,  ly,  or  ful,  after  them,  preserve  the 
letter  double ;  as  havMlcssncss,  carelessness,  carelessly, 
stiffly,  successful.  But  words  ending  with  double  /,  and 
taking  ness,  less,  ly,  ox  ful,  after  them,  generally  omit  one 
/,-  a$ fulness,  shitless,  fully,  skilful. 

194.  Rule  7.  Ness,  less,  ly,  and  ful,  added  to  words 
ending  with  silent  e,  do  not  cut  it  off;  as  paleness,  guile- 
less, peaceful; — except  in  a  few  words;  as  duly,  truly, 
awful. 

195.  Rule  8.  Ment  added  to  words  ending  with  silent 
t,  generally  preserves  the  e  from  elision,  or  from  being  cut 
off;  as  abatement,  chastisement,  excitement;  but  the  e  is 
omitted  in  judgment,  abridgment,  acknowledgment.  Ment 
added  to  words  ending  with  y,  preceded  by  a  consonant, 
changes  y  into  i  ;  as  accompany,  accompaniment ;  merry, 
merriment. 

196.  Ruled.  Able,  and  ible,  added  to  words  ending  with 
silent  e,  almost  always  cut  it  off;  as  blame,  biddable  ;  cure, 
curable  ;  sense,  sensible;  but  if  c,  or  g  soft  come  before  e 
in  the  original  word,  the  e  is  preserved  ;  as  change, 
changeable ;  peace,  peaceable. 

L97.  Rule  10.  When  iug,  or  ish,  is  added  to  words  end- 
ing with  silent  e,  the  c  is  almost  always  omitted  ;  as  place, 
placing;  lodge,  lodging;  slave,  slavish;  prude,  prudish. 

198.  Rule  11.  Words  taken  into  composition,  often 
drop  those  letters,  which  are  superfluous  in  their  simples; 
as  handful,  withal,  chilblain,  foretel. 

OF  ACCENT. 

199.  Accent,  very  essential  to  a  correct  speaker,  has 
been  frequently  misrepresented  by  those,  who  have  at- 
tempted to  define  its  nature.  It  is  a  forcible  stress  of 
voice  laid  on  a  syllable  in  a  word,  in  order  to  make  articu- 
lation the  more  easy,  and  distinct.  It  implies  something 
different  from  a  gradual  or  an  uniform  rising  or  falling 
of  the  voice,  from  one  syllable  to  another,  although  the 
accented  syllable  is  always  louder  than  the  rest. 

200.  There  are  certain  inflections  of  the  voice,  which 
distinguish  speaking  from  singing;  these  are  called  rising 
and  falling  inflections.  In  musick,  a  sliding  of  the  voice 
from  high  to  low,  and  from  low  to  high,  may  be  justly  re- 
presented by  a  curve  line,  w^}  which  denotes  one  con- 
tinued sound ;  but  this  mark  cannot  represent  the  inflec- 

c 


26 

tions  of  the  voice  in  speaking,  where  every  syllable  that 
ends  with  a  consonant,  necessarily  interrupts  or  stops 
the  voice ;  and  the  next  following  commences  with  a 
much  higher  or  lower  sound,  than  that  of  the  preceding 
syllable.  Perhaps  the  following  may  be  thought  a  happy 
manner  of  representing  a  just  idea  of  the  nature  of  accent, 
and  a  comparison  of  an  accented  syllable,  with  others  less 

forcible ;  thus,  — — __    __  cir  cum  lo  cu  tion. 

Secondary  Accent. 

201.  The  secondary  accent  is  a  stress  something  less 
than  a  full  accent,  laid  on  a  syllable,  in  order  to  pro- 
nounce the  word  with  more  clearness,  force,  and  harmony  ; 
thus  this  accent  is  on  the  first  syllable  of  circumlocution. 
The  secondary  accent  is  always  two  or  more  syllables  dis- 
tant from  the  principal  accent. 

202.  The  consonants,  t,  cl,  c,  and  s,  after  the  seconda- 
ry accent,  are  sounded  the  same  as  when  after  the  princi- 
pal ;  that  is,  if  they  are  followed  by  a  diphthong,  these 
consonants  are  pronounced  like  sh,  tsh,  zh,  or  j ;  as  par- 
tiality., &c. 

Accented  Syllables. 

203.  All  dissyllables  have  one  syllable  accented. 
There  are  no  invariable  rules  for  fixing  the  accent. 

204.  Words  of  two  syllables,  which  are  both  nouns  and 
verbs,    as    they    are   differently  used,  have  generally  the 

accent  of  nouns  on  the  first,  and  of  verbs  on  the  last  sylla- 
ble. 

205.  Words  of  trisyllables  generally  accent  the  first, 
with  the  short  sound  of  the  vowel.  As  words  increase  in 
syllables,  the  accent  becomes  more  easily  determined. 
Noun3  increase  by  becoming  plural ;  adjectives  by  their 
comparison  ;  verbs  by  their  conjugation,  &x.  In  all  such 
instances,  and  in  almost  all  derivative  words,  the  accent 
remains  unaltered,  on  the  root  or  primitive  word,  except 
confessor,  preference,  reference,  excellent,  &-C. 

206.  In  polysyllables  which  are  not  derivatives,  the  ac^ 
oent  is  generally  on  the  last  syllable  but  two. 

207.  In  a  few  instances,  it  is  on  the  last  syllable  but 
three.  As  a  general  rule,  the  accent  should  fall  on  that 
syllable  which  renders  the  articulation  of  the  whole  word 
most  agreeable  to  the  ear. 


27 


RULES 

For  Pronouncing  the  Neio  Testament  Proper  Names, 

a  A  vowel  ending  a  syllable  with  the  accent  on  it,  is 
long  (15). 

b  A  consonant  ending  a  syllable  makes  the  preceding 
vowel  short. 

c       i,  ending  the  last  syllable  of  a  word  is  generally  long. 

d  Every  unaccented  i,  ending  a  syllable,  not  final,  is 
sounded  like  e.  (32) 

e  The  vowels  ai  are  sometimes  pronounced  in  one  syl- 
lable, and  sometimes  in  two.  When  they  are  pronounced 
in  one  syllable,  they  have  generally  the  sound  of  long  a. 

f  When  ai  are  pronounced  in  two  syllables,  they  have 
each  the  long  sound  ;  as  in  Arisai. 

g  Sometimes  these  vowels,  when  followed  by  another 
vowel,  have  a  diphthongal  sound  ;  the  a  is  long,  and  i, 
like  y ;  as  in  Caiaphas,  pronounced  Cayaphas. 

h       Ch  has  nearly  always  the  sound  of  &  :  as  in  Enoch. 

i       It  has  sometimes  the  sound  of  tsh  ;  as  in  Rachel. 

k       Ph  has  generally  the  sound  of/,  but  sometimes  of  v. 

1  i,  in  the  termination  itcs,  is  long  ;  in  that  of  ines,  it  is 
short. 

m  The  unaccented  termination  ah  is  sounded  like  the 
a  mfar. 

n       The  diphthong  ei  is  always  sounded  like  long  e. 

o  t,  following  the  accented  syllable,  and  berore  ins,  is 
sounded  like  sh.  as  Tertius,  pronounced  Ter  she  us.  (i63> 


28 
A  TABLE 

Of  the  sounds  of  the.  Vowels,  represented  by  Figures. 

208.  1  a,  the  long  sound,  as  in  lade.     (15) 

2  o  v        ' 

209.  2  a,  the  short  sound,  as  in  man.     (16) 

3  3 

210.  3  a,  the  long  broad  sound,  as  in  hall.    (17) 

4  4  ' 

211.  4  a,  the  broad  sound,  as  in  tar.     (18) 

i  i 

212.  1  e,  the  long  sound,  as  in  me.     (22) 

a  2 

213.  2  e,  the  short  sound,  as  in  bed. 

i  i 

214.  1  i,  the  long  sound,  as  in  time.     (28) 

2  o 

215.  2  i,  the  short  sound,  as  in  bid.     (29) 

i  i 

216.  1  o,  the  long  sound,  as  in  tone.     (34) 

2  2 

217.  2  o,  the  short  sound,  as  in  not.     (35) 

3  3 

218.  3  o,  the  broad  sound,  as  in  nor.     (36) 

4  4 

219.  4  o,  the  sound  of  oo,  as  in  move.     (37) 

i  i 

220.  1  u,  the  long  sound,  as  in  tube.     (42) 

2  2 

221.  2  u,  the  short  sound,  as  in  sun.     (43) 

3  3 

222.  3  u,  Ihe  broad  sound,  as  in  full.     (44) 

123.      r: ,  ihe  sound  of  oo,  as  in  woo, coo.  (47) 

i 
224.   1  v,  the  long  sound  as  in  rhyme,  is  (49) 

i 

equivalent  to  i. 
I  lb.  2  y,  the  short  sound,  as  in  system,  is  (50) 
equivalent  to  i. 

REMARKS. 

in  all  instances,  placed  ow  i  il"'  accented  syllables.  Both  the  J 
&  icttei     :ontinuo  hi  mark  lh<  sounds  of  the  letters   under  them,  till  thi 
1  te  end  of  a  syllable,  is  no  pari  of  thn  woi 
.   ndin?  vowel  to  be  long.    (See  p.  37.)    The  Jiffwes,  included  in  a  pft- 


THE 


TABLE  I 


Ab  sence 
ac  cent 
bal  ance 
bal  lad 
bap  tist 
bar  rack 
bar  rel 
bel  fry 
bash  ful 
blem  ish 
brim  stone 
bnt  tie 
buf  fet 
bus  tie 
bur  den 
bur  dock 
cap  stan 
car  ry 
cred  it 
crev  ice 
crick  et 
coffin 
com  ma 
com  ick 
con  sul 
con  quest 
con  duct 
con  gress 
con  trite 
crus  ty 


cut  lass 
crys  tal 
dam  ask 
dan  gle 
des  tine 
dim  pie 
dis  tance 
driv  en 
doc  trine 
drunk  ard 
dust  y 
em  blem 
em  pire 
er  mine 
fab  rick 
fac  ile    (132) 
fam  ish 
fam  ine 
fer  tile 
flask  et 
fran  tick 
fiddle 
fillet 
freck  le 
flor  id 
fon  die 
fop  pish 
frol  ick 
frus  trate 
fun  nel 
c2 


grav  el 
gos  pel 
hand  ful 
hav  ock 
hos  tile 
hor  rid 
hum  ble 
hun  dred 
husk  y 
in  fant 
in  sect 
in  stance 
in  step 
in  verse 
in  ward 
ken  nel 
ker  nel 
kid  nap 
kin  dred 
land  lord 
lat  tice 
lav  ish 
lim  pid 
lin  net 
liv  ing 
luck  y 
mad  am 
mal  ice 
man  gle 
mas  tiff 


(27) 


(27) 


:;. 


2 

mer  cy 
mini  ick 
min  gle 
mit  ten  (&) 
mis  tress 
mis  sile 
mod  est 
mon  strous 
mur  mur 
mus  ket 
mys  tick 
nim  ble 
nov  el 
nov  ice 
nut  meg 
nurs  ling 
op  tick 
office 
pad  lock 
pan  ick 
pan  nel 
pan  try 
prat  tie 
prac  tice 
plan  et   m 
pen  ance 
pen  cil 
pen  sile 
per  feet 
pil  grim 


30 


1 

2            3            4 

1         2 

1               2 

blade,  i 

"nan,  hall,    tar, 

— me,  bed, — 1 

;ime,  bid, — 

plum  met 

shov  el 

2 

trop  ick 

grate  ful 

prom  ise 

sim  pie 

van  ish 

hind  most 

pros  pect 

sin  gle  (148; 

vas  sal 

hold  en 

pub  lick 

soft  ly 

vel  lum 

lee  ward 

pun  ish 

spin  et 

vel  vet 

name  ly 

puz  zle 

spir  it 

ver  min 

need  ful 

quick  ly 

spit  tie 

ver  diet 

nee  die 

ram  ble 

spin  die 

ves  sel 

pa  pist 

rat  tie 

splen  did 

vine  yard 

past  ry 

rap  ine 

spon  dee 

wed  ding 

pa  rent 

reb  el 

sot  tish 

wed  lock 

peer  less 

ren  net 

scuf  fle 

wick  ed 

pee  vish 

rep  tile 

sup  pie 

wil  ful 

po  pish 

rem  nant 

sub  ject 

wil  ling 

pli  ant 

rel  ish 

sud  den 

wit  ness 

pre  ccpt 

res  pite 

sul  len 

yar  row 

pre  feet 

rub  bish 

sul  try 

i 

plu  ral 

ruf  fle 

sur  plice 

a  lish 

pru  dent 

sal  ad 

tal  ent 

bare  foot 

re  cent 

sam  pie 

tan  gle  o*) 

bro  ken 

sa  cred 

san  guine 

tat  tie 

bri  die 

se  cret 

scan  dal 

ten  dril 

cam  brick 

se  quel 

span  gle 

ten  ant 

ce  meht 

si  lent 

self  ish 

ten  nis 

de  ist 

splee  ny 

sen  tence 

tin  sol   (2T) 

di  verse 

steel  yard 

ser  pent 

tip  pie 

eve  ning 

stee  pie 

ser  vile 

traf  fiek 

fla  grant 

sto  ick 

ser  vant 

tres  pass 

fee  ble 

stu  pid 

ser  vice 

trump  et 

fe  male 

stu  dent 

sig  nal 

tun  nel 

feel  ing 

ti  dings 

scrib  ble 

twink  ling 

fro  ward 

ti  ling 

shil  ling 

trans  port 

fu  tile 

tru  ant 

12  3  4  12  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system 


tu  mult  war  fare 

tu  nick  war  rant 

va  cant  warn  ing 

week  ]y  vor  tex 

ze  nith  4 

3  ar  bour 

bald  ness  ar  dour 

bmw  ny  ar  dent 

bul  let  ar  mour 

bul  lock  arse  nick 

bul  ly  art  less 

bul  wark  art  ist 

bush  el  bar  ley 
cor  nice  (132)  car  cass 

cuck  00  bar  den 

false  hood  hard  ness 

for  ceps  harm  less 

for  tress  har  vest 

law  ful  hars  let 

law  siu't  mar  ket 

lord  ship  mar  line 

morn  ing  mar  vel 

mor  tal  par  eel 

mor  tise  par  ley 

pal  try  pars  nip 

scorn  ful  pso\  mist 

tor  ment  scar  let 

tor  por  star  ling 

wal  nut  star  ry 

war  ble  star  tie 

war  den  tar  get 

ward  robe  var  nish 


boo  by 
gloom  y 

2  u 

bank  er  (ms) 
bet  ter    (25) 
bish  op 
blun  der 
blus  ter 
bump  er 
can  non 
can  on 
clam  our 
cin  der 
cis  tern 
cob  bier 
com  mon 
cus  torn 
din  ner 
doc  tor 
dol  lar 
drum  mer 
flat  ter 
flag  on 
fes  ter 
fod  der 
grog  ram 
hin  der 
hunt  er 
jest  er 
king  dom 
Ian  tern 
let  ter 


lim  ber 
lim  ner 
lit  ter 
lum  ber 
mam  mon 
man  ner 
mat  ter 
mem  ber 
mel  on 
mil  ler 
mur  der 
mus  ter 
num  ber 
pam  per 
pat  tern 
pes  ter 
pep  per 
pil  lar 
pil  fer 
pot  ter 
prin  ter 
prof  fer 
pros  per 
quiv  er 
ram  mer 
rob  ber 
ran  som 
rec  tor 
ren  der 
rig  our 
riv  er 
sad  dler 


i 


32 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,    bid, — 


saf  fron 
scab  bard 
sil  ver 
sel  dom 
ser  mon 
sin  ner 
slan  der 
slen  der 
slum  ber 
spig  ot 
sum  mon 
suf  fer 
tal  on 
tan  ner 
tat  tier 
tav  ern 
tern  per 
ten  der 
ten  don 
ten  ter 
tim  ber 
turn  bier 
ven  om 
vul  gar 
wag  on 
wel  come 
win  ner 
win  ter 
yon  der 

1       u 

co  Ion 
de  mon 


dra  per  (9ii) 
dri  ver 
fla  vour 
hold  er 
ma  tron 
pa  tron 
pre  tor 
spi  der 
tra  der 

3 

bal  sam 
bra?yl  er 
bor  der 
cor  ner 
fal  ter 
hal  berd 
hal  ter 
mor  tar 
wa  ter 

4  u 

barb  er 
cart  er 
har  lot 
jar  gon 
mar  tyr 
mas  ter 
par  lour 
part  ner 
par  son 
shar  per 
snar  ler 
tar  tar 
coop  er 


worn  an 

2u 

com  rade 
com  eth 
con  dmt 
com  pass 


jas  mine 
res  in 
dis  mal 
pris  on 
vis  it 
gos  ling 


com  fort  oo)  clum  sy 

gov  ern 

lov  eth 

con  jure 

stir  rup 

stir  reth 

won  der 

wor  ship 

3      z 

pal  sy 


clos  et 
wis  dom 
hus  band 
kins  man 
ros  in 
rich  es 
pis  mire 
mus  lin 


i  a  gent 

bo  som  (i5T)      &     . 
i    z  an  gel 

de  ism         dan  ger 

be  som  (39)  do  tage 

inert  sles      le  gend 


e«  sy 
grew  sy 
mu  sick 
na  sal 


le  g/on 
man  gei 
ran  ger 
re  gent 


yu  sance(ns)re  g/on 
stran  ger 

2j 


an  nals 

ker  sry 
Aim  sy 
crim  son 
tan  sy 
pres  ence 


ag  ile 
bur  gess 
cud  gel 
dam  age 


33 


1  -2  3  4  1        '     2  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


frag  ile 
gib  bet 
gin  ger 
gip  sy 
gin  seng 
horn  age 
mi  age 


2  .13  j 

knowl  edge  cord  aire 

car  nage 

mar  gin 

i      i<ij 
pin  mage 
peer  age 
venge  ance  steer  age 


lodg  er 
strin  gent 
stop  page 
tur  gid 
n  r  gent 


1      zidj 

'n  sage 

2  idj 

crib  bage 
til  lage 
vil  lage 
vint  age 

a  z    idj 

vis  aire 


— Q/&Q — 


TABLE  II. 


Ab  rupt 
ab  surd 
ac  cept 
ad  diet 
ad  dress 
ad  vance 
af  feet 
a  midst 
as  cend 
at  tack 
at  tempt 
col  lect 
com  niit 
com  pel 
con  cert 
con  duct 
con  fer 
con  sent 
con  tempt 
con  lend 


con  tent 
era  vat 
de  duct 
de  feet 
de  fend 
de  press 
de  spond 
de  tect 
di  rect 
di  vert 
dis  sent 
dis  tinct 
dis  trust 
dis  tract 
dis  turb 
ef  feet 
e  lapse 
en  x  amp 
en  hance 
e  vent 


e  vince 
fi  nance 
for  bid 
ful  fil 
gal  lant 
im  mense 
im  pend 
im  plant 
im  print 
im  press 
in  dent 
in  feet 
in  fest 
in  met 
in  graft 
in  struct 
in  stil 
in  stinct 
in  ject 
in  suit 


in  tend 
in  tent 
in  vest 
la  ment 
mis  give 
mis  trust 
mo  lest 
neo-  lect 
ob  struct 
oc  cult 
of  fend 
of  fence 
op  press 
per  mit 
per  vert 
per  verse 
por  tend 
pre  diet 
pro  ject 
pro  tecfc 


34 


1  2  :i  4  1         2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,   tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


pro  test 
re  buff 
re  cant 
re  fleet 
re  gret 
re  miss 
re  press 
re  volve 
ro  bust 
ro  mance 
ro  tund 
se  lect 
sub  ject 
sub  mit 
sub  tract 
sue  cess 
sus  pend 
sus  pense 
sur  pass 
trans  act 
trans  cend 
trans  gress 
trans  mit 
trans  plant 
tre  pan 
un  bend 
un  curl 
«m  hurt 
un  man 
un  pack 
un  sent 
un  twist 


al  lude 
ad  vice 
as  pire 
as  sume 
at  tire 
bap  tize 
be  have 
be  hold 
bri  gade  (32) 
cas  cade 
com  ply 
com  pute 
com  pile 
com  plete 
cock  ade 
con  cise 
con  crete 
con  fine 
con  jure 
con  sume 
con  trol 
ere  ate 
con  vene 
de  base 
de  bate 
de  cide 
de  dare 
de  clinc 
de  face 
de  fine 
de  fame 
de  file 


de  duce 
de  ride 
de  grade 
de  lude 
de  note 
de  pute 
de  rive 
de  spite 
di  late    (32) 
dis  place 
dis  taste 
di  vine 
ef  face 
em  brace 
en  dure 
en  force 
en  robe 
en  tice 
en  tire 
e  steem 
fore  seen 
im  bibe 
im  pair 
im  pale 
im  plore 
in  cite 
in  cline 
in  flame 
in  trude 
in  vite 
in  scribe 
ma  ture 


mi  nute  (32) 
mis  name 
mis  place 
mis  take 
mo  rose 
par  take 
per  spire 
po  lite 
pre  pare 
pre  scribe 
pro  mote 
rat  teen 
re  bate 
re  late 
re  buke 
re  cede 
re  cite 
re  clino 
re  duce 
re  gale 
rt  late 
re  mind 
re  pleto 
re  vere 
re  volt 
re  spire 
se  duce 
se  cede 
se  renc 
set  tee 
se  vere 
sin  cere 


35 


12  3  4  13  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


su  pine 
su  preme 
sub  lime 
sub  scribe 
sub  side 


sur 

vive 

tra  duce 

trans  cribe 

trans  late 

ter 

rene 

trus  tee 

un 

bind 

un 

fold 

un 

lade 

un 

sold 

un 

kind 

un 

lace 

un 

ripe 

un 

safe 

un 

told 

ve 

neer 

ab  sorb 
ab  sorp 
ac  cord 
be  fall 
dis  tort 
en  dorse 
for  lorn 
fore  stall 
in  form 
in  stall 


jack  al 
per  form 
re  morse 
re  tort 
re  call 
re  ward 
sub  orn 
trans  form 

4 

a  slant 
de  mand 
dis  arm 
em  bark 
im  part 
mam  ma  («) 
re  gard 
re  mand 
re  mark 
re  tard 
ap  prove 
bal  loon 
be  hoove 
buf  foon 

2  u 

be  come 
be  love 

z2 

de  serve 
re  sent 
re  serve 
ob  serve 
pre  serve 
ab  solve 


des  sert 
dis  cern 
dis  solve 

z        2 

dis  band 
dis  miss 
dis  gust 
dis  burse 

1  z 

a  buse  uei) 
ac  cuse 
a  muse 
com  pose 
com  prise 
con  fuse 
con  tuse 
de  mise 
de  sire 
de  spise 
de  pose 
dif  fuse 
dis  close 
dis  grace 
dis  pose 
dis  like 
dis  robe 
en  close 
in  fuse 
im  pose 
mis  use 
op  pose 
pre  mise 
pre  sume 


pro  pose 
pe  ruse 
pro  fuse 
re  fuse 
re  sume 
re  sist 
re  vise 
re  side 
re  pose 
suf  fice 
sup  pose 
sur  mise 
sur  prise 
suf  fuse 
trans  pose 
trans  fuse 

z    4 

dis  arm 

z3 

re  sort 
i    i 
ar  range 

de  range 

en  gage  o&j 

en  rage 

e  strange 

gen  teel 

o  blige 

al  lege 
di  gest 
un  hinge 

4     j 

en  large 


36 


1  2  3  4  2        2  12 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


TABLE  III.     (205) 


Ab  ba  cy    032) 
ad  jec  tive 
ad  mi  ral 
ag  gran  dize 
ag  o  ny 
ag  o  nize 
al  co  ran 
am  i  ty 
am  nes  ty 
am  or  ous 
ap  pe  tite 
an  i  mal 
an  nu  al 
an  ec  dote 
an  o  dyne 
ben  e  fit 
big  ot  ry 
big  a  my 
bot  a  ny 
blun  der  buss 
but  ter  fly 
I) ut  ter  y 
cab  in  et 
cal  i  co 
can  die  stick 
can  ni  bal 
can  o  py 
cap  i  tal 
car  a  van 
car  a  way 


cat  a  ract 
cav  al  ry 
eel  an  dine 
eel  e  ry    u&) 
cen  ti  pede 
cit  i  zen 
clas  sic  al 
clar  i  fy 
clem  en  cy 
cler  ic  al 
con  ju  gal 
cod  i  cil 
col  lo  quy 
col  o  nize 
com  e  dy 
con  stan  cy 
con  sti  tutc 
cop  y  ist 
cred  i  ble 
crock  e  ry 
cur  ren  cy 
cur  so  ry 
cus to  dy 
dast  ard  ly 
dec  i  mal 
del"  in  ite 
dem  a  gog.';e 
dem  o  crat 
dep  u  ty 
des  ti  ny 


des  ti  tute 
dig  ni  ty 
dim  i  ty 
dif  fi  cult 
dis  ci  pline 
dis  so  lute 
div  i  dend 
dog  ma  tize 
dol  o  rous 
dys  pep  sy 
ed  i  fice     (lay 
ed  i  fy 
eg  Ian  tine 
em  e  raid 
em  u  lous 
en  e  my 
en  mi  ty 
en  vi  cms 
ep  i  cure 
ep  i  gram 
ep  i  sodc 
fab  u  lous 
fac  tor  y 
fac  ul  ty 
fal  la  cy 
fal  li  ble 
lam  i  ly 
fan  ci  fill 
fed  or  al 
fel  on  y 


37 


1234  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


fern  i  nine 
fer  til  ize 
fer  ven  cy 
fes  ti  val 
fish  e  ry 
flip  pan  cy 
flip  pant  ly 
gal  Ian  try 
gal  ler^ 
gar  ri  son 
gar  ru  lous 
gran  a  ry 
gran  u  lews 
grat  i  fy 
haz  ard  ous 
her  aid  ry 
her  e  sy 
her  e  tick 
her  o  ine 
hid  e  ous 
his  tor  y 
horn  i  cide 
hur  ri  cane 
hyp  o  crite 
im  pe  tus 
im  pi  ous 
in  di  go 
in  dus  try 
in  fa  mous 
in  fan  tile 
in  fan  tine 
in  fan  try 


in  fi  del 
in  fi  nite 
in  stant  ly 
in  sti  tute 
in  te  gral 
in  tel  lect 
in  ter  est 
in  ter  im 
in  ter  val 
jes  sa  mine 
jol  li  ty 
jus  ti  fy 
lam  i  na 
leg  a  cy 
lep  ro  sy 
lib  er  tine 
liv  er  y 
lot  ter  y 
luck  i  ly 
rnack  er  el 
maj  es  ty 
mal  a  dy 
man  a  cle 
man  i  fest 
man  i  fold 
man  u  script 
mar  i  time 
mas  cu  line 
med  i  cine 
mel  o  dy 
mem  bra  nous 
mem  or  y 


mer  can  tile 
mim  ic  ry    (i32j 
mir  a  cle 
mis  ci  ble 
mit  ti  mus 
mod  es  ty 
mod  i  fy 
mol  li  fy 
mor  al  ist 
mor  al  ize 
mul  ber  ry 
mul  ti  form 
mul  ti  pie 
mus  sul  man 
mys  te  ry 
nar  ra  tive 
nee  ta  rine 
not  a  ble 
nul  li  ty 
nur  se  ry 
nun  ner  y 
ob  e  lisk 
ob  lo  quy 
ob  so  lete 
ob  sta  cle 
ob  vi  ous 
oc  cu  py 
om  in  ous 
op  er  a 
or  a  cle 
or  i  fice     <m 
or  re  tw 


Yv      at 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,    bid,- 


pac  i  fy 
pal  at  ine 
pan  to  mime 
pal  pa  ble 
par  a  digm 
par  a  dise 
par  al  lei 
par  a  lyze 
par  a  pet 
par  a  site 
par  a  sol0 
par  o  dy 
par  ri  cide 
pas  tor  al 
ped  ant  ry 
ped  es  tal 
ped  i  gree 
pel  i  can 
pen  al  ty 
pen  te  cost' 
per  fi  dy 
per  il  ons 
per  ju  ry 
per  i  wig 
per  se  cute 
pet  ri  fy 
plen  a  ry 
prec  i  pice 
prel  a  cy 
pick  er  el 
pi)  lor  y 
pin  na  cle 


(39) 


prin  ci  pie 
prim  i  tive 
priv  i  ty 
pol  i  cy 
pol  i  tick 
pop  u  lace 
pop  u  lous 
pos  si  hie 
prob  a  ble 
prob  i  ty 
prod  i  gal 
prop  er  ty 
pros  e  cute 
pros  e  lytc 
pros  o  dy 
pros  per  ous 
pub  li  can 
pyr  a  mid 
rav  en  ous 
rcl  a  tive 
ret  i  nue 
rev  er  end 
rid  i  cuie 
sac  ri  fice 
sal  va  ble 
sas  sa  fras 
sat  el  lite 
sat  ir  ize 
sat  ur  da// 
scan  dal  ize 
scan  dal  ous 
sea*  i  fv 


(132) 


slan  der  ous 
stam  i  na 
sec  ta  ry 
sem  i  nal 
sen  si  ble 
sen  si  tive 
sen  ti  nel 
sep  ul  ture 
ser  mon  ize 
ser  pen  tine 
sev  er  al 
spec  i  fy     craa) 
spec  i  men 
spec  ta  cle 
splen  e  tick 
stren  u  ous 
sig  nal  ize 
sig  na  ture 
sig  ni  fy 
sil  la  bub 
siin  i  lc 
sim  pli  fy 
slip  per  y 
Stig  ma  tize 
scrof  u  la 
scrof  u  lous 
sol  cm  nize 
sol  u  ble 
sol  ven  cy 
sor  roiv  ful 
scur  ril  ous 
sub  al  tern 


39 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


sub  si  oy 
sub  stan  tive 
sub  sti  tute 
sum  ma  ry 
syl  la  ble 
sym  bo  lize 
sym  me  try 
tab  u  lar 
tarn  a  rind 
tan  ta  lize 
tap  es  try 
t.rac  ta  ble 
trans  i  tive 
tel  es  cope 
tern  po  ral 
len  a  ble 
ten  den  cy 
ten  u  ous 
ter  ri  ble 
tor  ri  fy 
tes  ti  fy 
trem  u  lous 
tif  fa  ny 
tim  or  ous 
t.rin  i  ty 
rop  ic  al 
tur  mer  irk 
tur  pen  tine 
tym  pa  num 
typ  i  fy 
tyr  an  nise 
tyr  an  ny 


ut  ter  ance 
vac  u  urn 
vag  a  bond 
val  en  tine 
val  or  ous 
van  i  ty 
ven  ora  ous 
yen  tri  cle 
ver  bal  ly 
ver  di  ture 
ver  i  fy 
ver  i  ty 
ver  sa  tile 
ver  si  fy 
ver  ti  go 
ves  ti  bule 
vet  er  an 
vie  tor  y 
vig  or  ous 
vil  i  fy 
vil  la  nous 
vil  Ian  y 
vit  re  ous 
vit  ri  fy 
viv  i  fy 
voc  a  tiw 
vol  a  tile 
vol  u  ble 
west  or  ly 
wist  ful  ly 
wit  ting  ly 
tf>ron£  fully: 


a  pri  cot 
a  li  as 
a  re  a 
bra  ver  y 
bi  na  ry 
bri  ber  y 
ca  ve  at 
ca  pa  ble 
cu  ra  ble 
dra  per  y 
de  cen  cy 
de  i  fy 
de  i  ty 
di  al  ing 
di  a  ry 
di  o  cess 
dy  nas  ty 
droll  er  y 
du  bi  ous 
du  el  ling 
du  te  ous 
e  ven  ing 
fla  gran  cv 
fe  al  ty 
li  er  y 
li  nal  ly 
f'o  li  o 
fore  i  ble 
ford  a  ble 
fore  cas  tie 
flu  en  cy 
^u  ncr  al 


40 


1  2  3  4  1         2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


fu  si  ble 
grate  ful ly 
gro  cer  y 
glu  ti  nous 
hope  ful  ly 
i  cic  le     (132) 
i  do  lize 
i  vor  y     <s9) 
jo  vi  al 
ju  bi  lee 
ju  ve  rule 
&na  ver  y  (uq 
la  i  ty 
fu  era  tive 
lu  di  crous 
lu  na  cy 
lu  na  tick 
ma  ni  ac 
me  di  um 
mi  cro  scope 
mu  ta  ble 
ni  ce  ty 
no  ta  ry 
nu  mer  al 
nu  tfi  tive 
o  me  ga 
o  dor  ous 
o  pi  um 
o  ver  plus 
pa  pa  cy 
pla  ca  ble 
pe  ri  od     u*> 


pre  mi  um 
pi  ra  cy 
pri  ma  cy 
pri  va  cy 
po  per  y 
po  ten  cy 
pro  to  type 
pu  e  rile 
ra  di  us 
ra  ta  ble 
re  al  ize 
re  al  ly 
re  cen  cy 
ri  ot  ous 
ri  val  ry 
ro  man  ize 
sale  a  ble 
sa  vor  y 
sla  ver  y 
se  ere  cy 
se  ri  ous 
si  ne  cure 
size  a  ble 
stu  di  ous 
stu  pi  fy 
tast  a  ble 
tri  an  gle 
tu  ber  ous 
tu  bu  lar 
va  can  cy 
va  gran  cy 
va  ri  ous 


ve  hi  cle 
ve  ni  al 
vi  o  let 
vi  per  ous 

3 

al  der  man  <m 
al  ma  nack 
cor  po  ral 
fal  si  fy 
horse  rad  ish 
^>sal  ter  y 

ar  den  cy   (») 
ar  mis  tice 
ar  se  nal 
ar  mor  y 
ar  ti  fice 
bar  ba  rous 
bar  ba  cue 
bar  ley  corn 
liar  mo  ny 
har  mo  nize 
lar  ce  ny 
car  di  nal 
mar  vel  lous 
par  ti  cle 
sar  di  us 

2 

ab  di  cate  (233 
ab  ro  gate 
ac  cu  rate 
ad  e  quate  (isi) 
an  ti  quate 


41 


1234  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


cal  cu  late 
can  di  date 
eel  e  brate 
col  lo  cate 
cul  ti  vate 
dec  o  rate 
ded  i  cate 
del  e  gate 
dep  re  cate 
der  o  gate 
des  ig  nate 
des  o  late 
des  pe  rate 
dis  si  pate 
el  e  vate 
em  a  nate 
Cm  i  grate 
es  ti  mate 
fab  ri  cate 
fas  ci  nate 
ful  mi  nate 
grad  u  ate 
grav  i  tate 
lies  i  tate 
im  i  tate 
im  mo  late 
in  du  rate 
in  sti  gate 
in  ti  mate 
lr  ri  gate 
lr  ri  tate 
tac  er  ate 


lit  i  gate 
mac  u  late 
man  ci  pate 
mit  i  gate 
nom  i  nate 
ob  li  gate 
ob  sti  nate 
op  er  ate 
pal  li  ate 
pal  pi  tate 
pec  u  late 
pen  e  trate 
per  fo  rate 
per  pe  trate 
prof  li  gate 
ren  o  vate 
rep  ro  bate 
sal  i  vate 
sep  ar  ate 
spec  u  late 
stim  u  late 
stip  u  late 
sub  ju  gate 
suf  fo  cate 
sup  pli  cate 
sus  ci  tate 
sur  ro  gate 
ter  mi  nate 
trip  li  cate 
ul  cer  ate 
ul  ti  mate 
un  du  late 
d2 


ven  er  ate 
ven  ti  late 
ver  ber  ate 
vin  di  cate 

i 
de  vi  ate 
du  pli  cate 
fu  mi  gate 
lu  bri  cate 
me  di  ate 
mu  til  ate 
o  pi  ate 
po  ten  tate 
spo  li  ate 
vi  o  late 

4 

ar  bi  trate 

ab  sti  nence 
con  fl  dence 
cog  ni  zance 
com  pe  tence 
con  fer  ence 
con  flu  ence 
con  so  nance 
con  ti  nence 
dal  li  ance 
dif  fer  ence 
dis  so  nance  (ik* 
el  e  gance 
el  o  quence 
ev  i  dence 
hin  der  ance 


42 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


in  ci  dcnce 
in  fer  ence 
in  flu  ence 
in  no  cence 
in  so  lence 
op  u  lence 
pen  i  tence 
sus  te  nance 
pref  er  ence 
prov  i  dence 
rev  er  ence 
ut  ter  ance 

vir  u  lence 

i 

pu  is  sance 
ra  di  ance 
sa  pi  ence 
va  ri  ance 
ve  he  mence 
vi  o  lence 

ac  ci  dent   (iwj 
ar  ro  gant 
com  pe  tent 
com  pli  ment 
con  se  qucnt 
con  so  nant 
con  ver  sant 
det  ri  ment 
dis  ere  pant 
dom  i  nant 
em  i  grant 
cs  cu  lent 


fil  a  ment 
im  pie  ment 
in  stru  ment 
men  di  cant 
mer  ri  ment 
mis  ere  ant 
nour  ish  ment 
oc  cu  pant 
per  ti  nent 
per  ma  nent 
prom  i  nent 
prot  es  tant 
pun  ish  ment 
sed  i  ment 
sen  ti  ment 
set  tie  ment 
sub  se  quent 
sup  pie  ment 
sup  pli  ant 
teg  u  ment 
ten  e  ment 
ter  ma  gant 
tes  ta  ment 
vir  u  lent 

j 
male  con  tent 

4 

par  li«  ment 

ar  gu  ment 

ar  ma  ment 
e 

al  ti  tude 
ap  ti  tude 


grat  i  tude 
hab  i  tude 
las  si  tude 
lat  i  tude 
mag  ni  tude 
plen  i  tude 
prom/?  ti  tude 
ser  vi  tude 
sol  i  tude 
tur  pi  tude 

3 

for  ti  tude 
tor  pi  tude 

2 

bit  ter  ness  (iw) 
diz  zi  ness 
slug  gish  ness 
stub  born  ness 
subtle  ness 
sud  den  ness 
sul-ki  ness 
sill  len  ness 
wick  ed  ness 
wil  der  ness- 

wil  ful  ness 

i 

la  zi  ness 
pa  tron  ess 
state  li  ness 
wi  li  ness 

3 

pal  tri  ness 

4 

tar  di  ness 


43 


12  3  4  12  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


al  ge  bra 
ap  o  gee 
cog  i  tate 
dil  i  gent 
dil  i  gence 
effigy 
elegy 
en  er  gy 
feb  ri  fuge 
gen  tie  men 
gen  u  ine 
gen  er  al 
gen  er  ous 
gen  e  sis 
ger  mi  nate 
her  it  age 
her  mit  age 
in  di  gence 
in  di  gent 
leg  i  ble 
leg  is  late 
Ion  gi  tude 
mag  is  trate 
man  age  ment 


2j 

prog  e  ny 
per  i  gee 
pun  gen  cy 
strat  a  gem 
sub  ter  fuge 
sur  ger  y 
styg  i  an 
syl  lo  gize 
tan  gi  ble 
trag  e  dy 
ur  gen  cy 
vig  il  ance 
vas  sal  age 
vie  ar  age 
vie  in  age 

2  j  u 

in  te  ger 
man  a  ger 


pas  sen  ger 
por  rin  ger 
scav  en  ger 

4  ju 

har  bin  ger 

1  J 
neg  h  gence  (noja  gen  cy 

neg  li  gent        co  gen  cy 

or  i  gin  dan  ger  ous 

par  en  tage       fo  li  age 


pat  ron  age 
pil  grim  age 
priv  i  lege 
prod  i  gy 


for  ge  ry 
fu  gi  tive 
ge  ni  al 
ge  ni  us 


hy  dro  gen 
ni  tro  gen 
re  gen  cy 

mar  gin  al 

2  idj 

bev  er  age  (si) 
eel  lar  age 
per  son  age 
sac  ri  lege 

4         .       idj 

car  til  age 
par  son  age 

2  u 

cal  en  dar 
can  is  ter 
(132)  car  ri  er 
car  ri  on 
eel  lu  lar   im 
cim  e  ter 
cin  na  mon 
con  fes  sor 
cor  o  ner 
cum  ber  sonw? 
cyl  in  der 
ed  i  tor 
fiat  ter  er 
frol  ick  some 
grass  hop  per 
grid  i  ron 
glob  u  lar 
joe  u  lar 
mar  in  er 
mil  lin  er 


44 


1              2 

blade,  man, 

■J          4               12 

i  hall,  tar, — mo,  bee 

1             2         '           " 

I, — time,  bid, — 

2                 u 

min  is  ter 

. 1            u 
ju  ni  per 

V 

2                      z 

cal  li  pers 

mon  i  tor 

pa  tri  ot 

das  tar  dise 

musk  mel  on 

pe  ri  od 

des  po  tism 

oc  u  lar 
of  fi  cer 
or  a  tor 
pass  o  ver 

4                 u 

ar  bi  ter 
ar  mor  er 
mar  tyr  dom 

2u 

en  ter  prise 
hus  band  ry 
log  a  rithms " 
mag  net  ism 

^pres  by  ter 

com  pa  ny 

mis  er  y 

pil  fer  er 

come  li  ness 

os  tra  cism 

prov  en  der 

gov  ern  ess 

pat  ro  nisc 

sec  u  lar 

gov  ern  our 

pos  i  tive 

sen  a  tor 

1                   z 

pris  oh  er 

skel  e  ton 

e  go  tism 

sol  c  cism 

sim  i  lar 

ju  da  ism 

syl  lo  gism 

sim  pie  ton 

mu  si  cal 

vis  i  ble 

trav  el  ler 

pa  gan  ism 

wit  ti  cism 

vin  e  gar 

ro  sar  y 

4                      y. 

vit  ri  ol 

rose  ma  ry 

bar  ba  rism 

1              u 

di  a  per 

2                              z 

com  pro  mise 

-RO- 
TABLE IV. 

par  ti  san 

2                                          2 

A  mal  gam  (M9)  en  am  our 

n 

cor  rec  tive 

ap  par  cl 

e  stab  lish 

de  ter  mine 

as  sas  sin 

i  am  bus 

de  crep  it 

at  trac  tive 

in  hab  it 

»de  fee  tive 

co  hab  it 

in  val  id 

de  mer  it 

em  bar  rass 

mo  las  ses 

dis  cred  it 

em  pan  nel 

un  rav  el 

dish  ev  el 

en  am  el 

as  sem  bly 

dis  rel  ish. 

en  tan  gk 

clan  des  tine 

dis  sem  ble 

45 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system, 


ef  fee  tive 
e  lee  tive 
e  lev  en 
em  bel  lish 
em  bez  zle 
e  ter  nal 
for  get  ful 
im  mense  ly 
im  per  feet 
in  ert  ly 
in  fer  nal 
in  her  it 
in  tense  ness 
in  ten  sive 
in  tent  ly 
in  ter  nal 
in  ter  pret 
in  tes  tine 
4»  in  trep  id 
in  vec  tive 
ma  ter  nal 
mo  ment  ous 
neg  lect  ful 
of  fen  sive 
op  pres  sive 
pa  ter  nal 
pro  gres  sive 
per  spec  tive 
per  verse  ness 
por  ten  tous 
pre  ven  tive 
pro  jec  tive 


pros  pec  tive 
re  flee  tive 
re  plen  ish 
re  plev  in 
re  spect  ful 
re  ten  tive 
stu  pen  dous 
sub  ver  sive 
tie  men  dous 
be  gin  ning 
com  mit  tee 
con  tin  ue 
con  trib  ute 
di  min  ish 
dis  fig  ure 
dis  pir  it 
dis  trib  ute 
dis  tin  guish 
el  lip  sis 
in  sip  id 
pro  nib  it 
re  lin  quish 
re  miss  ness 
re  stric  tive 
sub  mis  sive 
trans  mit  tal 
vin  die  tive 
a  bol  ish 
ad  mon  i«h 
ac  com  pi  ish 
a  pos  tie 
as  ton  ish 


de  mol  ish 
for  got  ten 
im  bod  y 
im  mod  est 
mis  con  strue 
re  spon  sive 
sy  nop  sis 
dis  gust  ful 
di  ur  nal 
com  pul  sive 
con  vul  sive 
im  pul  sive 
in  struc  tive 
mis  trust  ful 
noc  tur  nal 
oc  cult  ness 
pro  due  tive 
re  pub  lish 
re  pul  sive 
sub  junc  tive 

2z 

bap  tis  mal 
de  pos  ite 
dis  val  ue  (is7> 
im  pris  on    («) 
pre  sum;?  tive 
pris  mat  irk 
re  sol  vent 
spas  mod  kk 

z    z2 

dis  sol  vent  (ise) 
pos  ses  sive 


46 


i  '.>         :i        4  j       a  i  2 

blade,   man,   hall,  tar, — me.   bed, — timo,    bid,- 


eom  pos  ite 

s  a 
in  Cv'./j  tiv' 
ap  pren  tier 
ill]  bee  ile 
im  pli< 

iv  il 
in  cep  ti 
fier  cep  tive 
[>re  cep  I 
sus  cep  tive 
so  lie  it 
pro  bos  cis 
in  jus  lice 

k    •      s  2 

eon  cep  tive 
sue  cess  ful 
co  er  cive 

k   k2  ■ 

ac  com  plict'  (is 

a  wa  k^n 
en  a  ble 
e  va  sive 
liu  mane  ly 
in  va  sr 
pro  lane  ness 

aa  turn 
pro  sa  irk 
ver  ba  tim 
un  wa  ry     (47) 
co  e  qua! 

fee  ble 
i  de  al 


il  le  gal 
al  le  gro 
pri  me  va] 

de  urn 

bi  ding 
ar  ri  val 

sy  him 
de  en  al 
de  ni  al 
de  spite  ful 
en  li  vert 
en  tire  ly 
en  ti  the 
in  qui  ry     cisij 
re  qui  tal 
re  vi  val 
de  co  rum 
a  cu  men 
a  mu  sive 
bi  tu  men     (30) 
con  clu  sive 
de  hi  >•■ 
dif  fuse  ly 
dif  fu  sive 
he  ro  irk 
il  Ju  mine 
in  clu  sive 
in  Im  man 
in  u  tile 
pre  hi  sive 
re  lu  mine 
tri  bu  nal 


bal  co  ny 
cor  ro  si 
en  no  I 
«60  no  rous 
Je  ho  vah  (is) 
ig  no  hie 
im  bol  den 
jo  cose  r.<  - 
mo  rose  ness 
re  mote  ne- 
ar ma  da 
ar  ca  mini 
bra  va  do 
er  ra  ta 
oc  ta  vo 
po  ta  to 
so  na  ta 
tor  na  do 
vi  ra  go 
vol  ca  no 
a  re  na 
i  de  a 
pro  vi  so 
sa  li  va 
tor  pe  do 

7.        1 

(lis  a  blr 
dis  grace  ful  rtfc) 
pe  ru  sal 
pro  po  sal 

B  1 

(le  ci  sive 
dis  ci  pk- 


47 


1-13  4  12  3  12 

lone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


si 

re  ci  tal 
pel  hi  cid 

k  s  1 

con  cise  ly 
con  du  cive 

4 

an  tare  tick 
cm  bar. go 
in  car  nate 

3 

ab  or  tivc 
im  mor  tal 
re  morse  ness 

2  u 

a  ban  don    oo) 
cli  mac  ter 
con  trac  tor 
de  can  ter 
here  af  ter 
me  an  der 
^  a  bet  tor 
col  lee  tor 
con  tern  ner 
dis  sen  ter 
dis  tern  per 
how  ev  er 
in  spec  tor 
ob  jec  tor 
of  fen  der 
op  pres  sor 
pre  tend  er 
pro  fee  sor 
pro  tec  tor 
ag  gres  sor 


se  ques  ter 
tor  merit  or 
trans  gres  sor 
con  sid  er 
de  liv  er 
im  bit  ter 
fore  run  ner 
in  struc  tor 
back  gam  mon 
de  vel  op 
en  ven  om 
re  mem  ber 
sur  ren  der 
be  wil  der 
im  pos  tor 
im  prop  er 
ac  cus  torn 
con  due  tor 
pre  cur  sor 

s2  u 

pre  cep  tor 

k    s  2  u 

sue  ces  sor 

z    2  u 

dis  as  ter 
as  bes  tos 
pre  serv  er 

Z     7.  2  u 

dis  solv  er 
pos  ses  sor 

]         u 

ere  a  tor 

e  qua  tor    (isi) 

nar  ra  tor 


spec  ta  tor 
tes  ta  tor 
trans  la  tor 
re  deem  er 
ad  ju  tor 
sub  scri  ber 
sur  vi  ver 

si  u 

sc  ce  der 

1    z  u 

dis  po  sol- 
di vi  sor 

1         J  u 

en  dan  ger 

4  u 

co  part  ner 
dis  prov  er 

3  u 

re  cord  er 

z    3  u 

dis  or  der 
dis  or  dered 

2 

a  lem  bick  (133) 
a  cros  tick 
bom  bas  tick 
do  mes  tick 
de  spot  ick 
di  dac  tick 
dog  mat  ick 
dra  mat  ick 
er  rat  ick 
fa  nat  ick 
ec  lee  tick 
fan  tas  tick 


48 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


e  lee  trick 
e  clip  tick 
fo  ren  sick 
gi  gan  tick  (i39> 
hys  ter  ick 
i  am  bick 
me  tal  lick 
mo  nas  tick 
pe  dan  tick 
ro  man  tick 
sar  cas  tick 
mag  net  ick 
ma  jes  tick 
po  lem  ick 
pro  lif  ick 
ter  rif  ick 
in  trin  sick 
la  con  ick 
nar  cot  ick 
prog  nos  tick 
scle  rot  ick 
re  pub  lick 
at  ten  dant 
de  fen  dant 
in  ten  dant 
re  splen  dent 
in  dig  nant 
ma  lig  nant 
de  lin  quent 
pu  is  nant 
in  con  stnnt 
in  sol  vent 


re  spond  ent 
in  cum  bent 
re  cum  bent 
re  dun  dant  • 
re  luc  tant 
re  pug  nant 

s2 

as  cet  ick 
her  bes  cent 
in  ces  sant 
pa  cif  ick 
spe  cif  ick 
tran  seen  dent 

k  s  2 

con  cen  trick 
ec  cen  trick 

2 

an  gel  ick  (no> 
ar  gil  lous 
as  trin  gent 
de  ter  gent 
di  ver  gent 
ef  ful  gent 
a  bridg  ment 
in  fringe  merit 
in  dul  gence 
im  ag  ine 
gym  nas  tick 
re  strin  gent 
re  venge  ful 
con  tin  gent 

con  ver  gent 

i 
ap  pa  rent 


in  he  rent 
im  pru  dent 
pur  su  ant 
com  po  nent 
de  po  nent 
op  po  nent 

re  cu  sant 

i    j 
ar  range  ment 

en  gage  ment 

vice  ge  rent  (132) 

2         sli  u 

at  ten  tion  (J«) 
af  fee  tion 
af  flic  tion 
col  lee  tion 
con  fes  sion 
con  vie  tion 
di  rec  tion 
ob  jec  tion 
ab  strac  tion 
com  pas  sion 
de  trac  tion 
in  frac  tion 
pro  trac  tion 
re  frac  tion 
sub  trac  tion 
trans  ac  tion 
as  per  sion 
as  ser  tion 
a  ver  sion 
co  er  cion  ow 
com  pres  sion 


49 


1  2  •       3 

tone,  not,  nor, 


•4 

move,- 


12  3  12 

-tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


2       sh  u  2        sh  u 

con  ten  tion  pre  ven  tion 

con  ven  tion  pro  gres  sion 

con  ver  sion  pro  jec  tion 

cor  rec  tion  pro  tec  tion 

de  clen  sion  re  flee  tion 

de  jec  tion  re  gres  sion 

de  pres  sion  re  jec  tion 

de  seen  sion  re  ten  tion 

de  tec  tion  re  ver  sion 

di  gres  sion  02)  sub  jec  tion 

di  men  sion  sub  ver  sion 


dis  ere  tion 
dis  per  sion 
dis  sen  sion 
dis  sec  tion 
dis  ten  tion 
di  ver  sion  c^>; 
e  gres  sion 
e  jec  tion 
e  rec  tion 
im  pres  sion 
in  fee  tion 
in  flee  tion 
in  gres  sion 
in  ser  tion 
in  ten  tion 
in  ven  tion 
in  ver  sion 
op  pres  sion 
per  fee  tion 
per  ver  sion 
pre  sen  sion 
pre  ten  sion 


sus  pen  sion 


pre  die  tion 
re  mis  sion 
re  stric  tion 
sc  di  tion 
sub  mis  sion 
sub  scrip  tion 
tra  di  tion 
tran  si  tion 
tu  i  tion 
vo  li  tion 
com  pul  sion 
com  punc  tion 


trans  gres  sion  con  cus  sion 
as  crip  tion  de  struc  tion 
at  tri  tion  dis  cus  sion 

com  mis  sion  d65)e  mul  sion 
con  di  tion        in  cur  sion 
con  scrip  tion    in  junc  tion 
con  tri  tion        in  struc  tion 
de  scrip  tion     ob  struc  tion 


dis  tine  tion 
e  di  tion 
fru  i  tion 
ig  ni  tion 
in  flic  tion 
in  scrip  tion 
mu  ni  tion 
nu  tri  tion 
o  mis  sion 
par  ti  tion 
per  di  tion 
per  mis  sion 
pe  ti  tion 

E 


per  cus  sion 
as  sump  tion 
con  sump  tion 
pro  due  tion 
re  pul  sion 
se  due  tion 

z  2       sli  u 

de  ser  tion  (39^ 
dis  mis  sion  d56: 
dis  rup  tion 
po  si  tion 
pos  ses  sion 
pre  sump  tion 


50 


blade,  man, 


■3  4  12 

hall,  tar, — me,  bed, 


-time,  bid, — 


z2   sh 

mu  si  cian 

3  2        sh  u 

as  cen  sion 
tie  cep  tion 
per  cep  tion 
pro  ces  sion 
re  cep  tion 
se  ces  sion 
sus  pi  cion 

2        sh 

com  mer  cial 
c  spe  cial    (®) 
cs  sen  tial 
tie  fi  cient   csi) 
cf  fi  cience 
ef  fi  cient 
ju  tli  cial 
of  fi  cial 
op  ti  cian 
pa  tri  cian 
po  ten  tial 
pro  fi  cient 
pro  vin  cial 
sub  stan  tial 
sol  sti  tial 

k     s  2        s!i  u 

ac  ces  sion  (132) 
ac  cen  sion 
sue  ces  sion 

B  1     sh  u 

ces  sa  tion 
ci  ta  tion 

j2     sh 

ma  gi  cian  on 
lo  gi  cian 


1     shu 

con  fla  tion 
frus  tra  tion 
in  fla  tion 
mi  gra  tion 
ob  la  tion 
pros  tra  tion 
quo  ta  tion 
sal  va  tion 
sen  sa  tion 
stag  na  tion 
trans  la  tion 
va  ca  tion 
vi  bra  tion 
vo  ca  tion 
se  ere  tion 
a.p  por  tion 
e  mo  tion 
pro  por  tion 
ab  lu  tion 
im  pie  tion 
pol  lu  tion 
so  lu  tion 
com  mo  tion 
de  vo  tion 
plan  ta  tion 
re  la  tion 

2 
a  mend  ment 
as  sess  ment 
c  quip  ment 
e  ject  ment 
in  clem  cut 
in  ter  ment 


in  vest  ment 
re  fresh  ment 
ful  fil  ment 

a  bate  ment 
re  fine  ment 
re  tire  ment 
a  tone  ment 
e  lope  ment 
en  gross  ment 
de  port  ment 
en  rol  ment 
a  maze  ment 
al  lure  ment 
a  gree  ment 
a  base  ment 

lz 

a  muse  ment 

■4 
de  part  ment 

3 
ap  pal  ment 
in  stal  ment 
ab  sor  bent 
en  dorse  ment 
in  for  mant 

1  s 

ad  he  rence 
co  he  rence 
af  fi  ance 
al  li  ancr 
com  pli  ance 
con  ni  vance 
con  tri  vance 
con  do  lcnce 


51 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 

Is  2s  s2 

re  cur  rence 
re  dun  dance 
re  luc  tance 
re  pug  nance 
con  cern  n:ent 

3  s 

ab  hor  rence 
con  cor  dance 
im  por  tance 

z2  s 

ob  ser  vance 
re  sist  ance 
re  sein  blance 


de  fi  ance 
di  vorce  inent 
en  du  ranee 
en  tice  ment 
en  force  ment 
in  cite  ment 
pre  ce  dence 
re  li  ance 
ad  ja  cent 
in  de  cent 
trans  lu  cent 
com  pla  cent 


Am  bus  cade  (is) 
bal  us  trade 
bar  ri  cade 
can  non  ade  " 
en  fi  lade     <;«) 
cav  ai  cade 
col  on  nade 
lem  on  ade 
pal  i  sade 
ser  e  nade 
ab  sen  tee 
ap  pel  lee 
as  sig  nee 
con  tra  vene 
dev  o  tee 
dom  i  neer 
a,az  et  teer 
in  com  plete 


ad  ver  tence 
ad  mit  tance 
a  merce  ment 
as  sis  tance 
a  bun  dance 
con  sis  tence 
per  for  mance 
oc  cur  rence 
dis  tur  bance 
re  pen  tance 
re  splen  dence 
re  mit  tance 

TABLE  V, 
t 
in  dis  creet 
in  ter  fere 
in  ter  vene 
leg  a  tec 
mu  let  eer 
mus  ke  teer 
pat  en  tee 
per  se  verc 
pi  o  neer 
pri  va  teer 
ref  er  ee 
rep  ar  tee 
su  per  sede 
su  per  vene 
vol  un  teer 
cir  cum  scribe 
im  po  lite 
in  ter  line 


su  per  scribe 
al  a  mode 
dis  com  mode 
ev  er  more 
here  to  fore 
in  com  mode 
in  ter  lope 
im  ma  ture 
im  por  tune 
op  por  tune 
pre  ma  ture 

lz 

ad  ver  tise 
cir  cum  fuse  as?) 
de  com  pose 
dis  com  pose 
in  ter  pose 

si 

an  te  cede 


52 


1  2  3  4  1         2  J  9 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


co  in  cide   (132) 
in  sin  cere 

in  ter  cede 

u 
dis  o  blige 

en  gi  neer 

ob  li  gee 

ref  u  gee 

2 

ap  pre  hend 
can  zo  net 
con1  de  scend 
dis  re  spect 
in  cor  rect 


in  ter  sect 
in  ter  sperse 
rec  ol  lect 
rec  om  mend 
rep  re  hend 
sub  tra  hend 
in  dis  tinct 
in  ter  diet 
man  u  mit 
vi  o  lin 
cor  re  spond 
in  ter  rupt 
re  im  burse 


z2 

ar  ti  san 
mar  mo  set 
rep  re  sent 

7.     z2 

dis  pos  sess 

2       9 

ac  qui  esce 
in  ter  cept 
cir  cum  vent  (W2) 
cir  cum  volve 
dis  con  cert 

3 

leg  a  tor 

ob  li  gor    (32) 


TABLE  I. 
Words  selected  from  the  following  reading  lesson. 


Bro  ken 

e  qual 

guile 

ho  li  ness 

hafr 

mo  ment 

ma  keth 

nei ther 

mgh 

oath 

prai  scdoM) 

peace    (i») 

ppefl  keth 


speak  ing 
swear  er  cm 
swear  ing 
sa  veth 
saints 
yea     (67) 

2 

an  ger  a») 
burn  eth 
bit  ter  ness 
clam  our 
earth     c"0) 
tilth  y 


3 

Lord 

2 


fel  low 
heav  en 
judgment (105; want  eth 
bias  phe  my         x 
mal  ice        pro  fane 
mul  ti  tude  pur  sue 


per  ish 
wit  ness 
wrath 


my 

2 


(51) 


a  ny     i*» 


Je  ru  sa  lem 
ap  proach 
Al  m\gh  ty 
de  lur/a 
e  scape 
de  fi  leth 
re  frain 


53 _ 

1  2  3  4  1-2  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system, 
i  3  l  a 

de  ceit  ful  be  cawse     the]r  ^ye 

a  3  3 

rnn  tpnrl       mOUll  t«in       ?_.f  nOI1f        . 

con  tena  part  work  eth 

im  as  me  (140)         J-r  niv>  n^  , 

,     f  an  point  mentaie  (   }       won  ders 

de  liv  er        131  2 

for  ev  er      good  ness    other    (39)  j! 

e  stab  lish   foot  stool     tong?*e         a  gainst  m 

SWEARING. 

Thou  shalt  not  pro-fane  the  name  of  thy 
God ;  I  am  the  Lord.  I  will  come  near  to 
you  in  judg-ment,  and  I  vwill  be  a  swift  wit- 
ness a-gainst  false  swear-ers,  saith  the  Lord 
of  hosts. 

Swear  not  at  all ;  nei-ther  by  heav-en,  for 
it  is  God's  throne  ;  nor  by  earth,  for  it  is  his 
foot-stool ;  nei-ther  by  Je-ru-sa-lem,  for  it  is 
the  cit-y  of  the  great  King ;  nei-ther  shalt 
thou  swear  by  thy  head,  he-cause  thou  canst 
not  make  one  hair  white  or  black.  But  let 
your  com-mu-ni-ca-tions  be  yea,  yea ;  nay, 
nay  ;  for  what-so-ev-er  is  more  than  these, 
com-eth  of  e-vil.  Speak  e-vil  of  no  man.  Let 
all  bit-ter-ness,  and  wrath,  and  an-ger,  and 
clam-our,  and  e-vil  speak-ing  be  put  a-way 
from  you,  with  all  mal-ice. 

Put  off  all  these  ;  an-ger,  wrath,  mal-ice, 
blas-phe-my,  and  filth-y  com-mu-ni-ca-tions 
out  of  your  mouth.  In  the  mul-ti-tude  of 
words,  there  want-eth  not  sin. 

Keep  thy  tongue  from  e-vil,  and    thy  lips 
from  speak-ing  guile.     De-part  from  c-vil,  and 
do  good,  seek  peace,  and  pur-sue  it. 
e2 


54 


LYING. 

Ye  shall  not  lie  one  to  an-oth-er.  He  that 
spea-keth  lies  shall  per-ish.  Ly-ing  lips  are 
an  a-bom-i-na-tion  to  the  Lord  ;  but  they  that 
deal  tru-ly  are  his  de-light.  A  poor  man  is 
bet-ter  than  a  li-ar. 

He  that  will  love  life,  and  see  good  days, 
let  him  re-frain  his  tongue  from  e-vil,  and  his 
lips  that  they  speak  no  guile. 

A  false  wit-ness  shall  not  be  un-pun-ish-ed  ; 
and  he  that  spea-keth  lies  shall  not  e-scape. 
Speak  ye  ev-e-ry  man  the  truth  to  his  fel-low. 

And  let  none  of  you  im-ag-ine  e-vil  in  your 
hearts  a-gainst  an-oth-er  ;  and  love  not  a  false 
oath  ;  for  these  are  things  I  hate,  saith  the 
Lord. 

De-liv-er  my  soul,  O  Lord,  from  ly-ing  lips ; 
and  from  a  de-ceit-ful  tongue.  The  lip  of 
truth  shall  be  e-stab-lish-ed  for-ev-er  ;  but  a 
ly-ing  tongue  i»*but  for  a  mo-ment. 

There  shall  in  no  wise  en-ter  in-to  heav-en 
any  thing  that  de-fi-leth  ;  nei-ther  what-so- 
ev-er  work-eth  a-bom-in-a-tion,  or  ma-keth  a 
lie. 

SCRIPTURE  EXTRACTS. 

The  earth  is  the  Lord's,  and  the  ful-ness 
tfeere-of ;  the  world  and  they  that  dwell  there- 
in. 

The  Lord  is  nigh  un-to  them,  that  are  of  a 
bro-ken  heart ;  and  sa-veth  such,  as  are  of  a 
con-trite  spir-it. 

Great  is  the  Lord,  and  great-ly  to  be  prai- 
sed in  the  cit-y  of  our  God,  in  the  moun-tain 
of  his  ho-li-ncss. 


do 

Who  is  like  the  Lord,  in  glo-ry  ?  Who  in 
pow-er  will  con-tend  with  the  Al-migh-ty  ? 
Hath  he  an-y  e-qual  in  wis-dom  ?  It  is  God, 
O  man  !  who  hath  cre-a-ted  thee.  Thy  sta- 
tion on  earth  is  fix-ed  by  his  ap-point-ment 
The  pow-ers  of  thy  mind  are  the  gifts  of  his 
good-ness.  The  won-ders  of  thy  frame  are 
the  works  of  his  hand. 

O  Lord,  how  man-i-fold  are  thy  works !  m 
wis-dom  hast  thou  made  them  all :  the  earth 
is  full  of  thy  rich-es.  Praise  Him,  ye  heav- 
en of  heav-ens.  Let  them  praise  the  name 
of  the  Lord  ;  for  he  com-mand-ed,  and  they 
were  cre-a-ted. 

just  and  true  are  thy  ways,  thou  King  of 
saints  ;  thy  truth  en-du-reth  for-ev-er.  Heav- 
en and  earth  shall  pass  a-way,  but  thy  v\  ord 
shall  not  pass  a-way.  Ver-i-ly,  O  God,  thou 
art  a  God  that  hi-dest  thy-self :  thy  dwell-ing 
is  in  the  light,  which  no  man  can  ap-proach 
un-to. 

SELECT  SENTENCES. 

Be  not  vain  of  your  ac-quire-ments.  Re~ 
mem-ber  that  all  you  pos-sess  comes  from  God: 
to  God  give  the  glo-ry.  The  wi-sest  man  is 
not  the  proud-est.  Be  con-vinc-ed  that  noth- 
ing is  so  child-ish  as  van-i-ty,  and  noth-ing  so 
of-fen-sive  as  pride. 

" 1 —  What  is  it  to  be  ici&e  ? 

"  'Tis  but  to  knvw  how  little  can  be  known, 
"  To  see  all  others'  faults,  and  feel  our  emt" 

So  long  as  men  are  un-der  the  pow-cr  of 
sin,  they  are  un-der  the  pow-er  of  mad-ness. 

What  we  are  a-fraid  to  do  be-fore  men,  we 
should  be  a-fraid  to  think  be-fore  God. 


o6 

Would  you  be  hap-py,  and  pros-per-ous  ? 
Would  you  be  re-spcct-cd  by  your  friends  ? 
Would  you  have  the  bless-ings  of  heav-en  ? 
Be  mod-est,  be  dil-i-gent,  be  virt-u-ous. 

Seek  to  be  par-don-cd  ;  a-bove  all,  seek  to 
be  be-lov-ed. 

When  we  are  most  read-y  to  per-ish,  God 
then  is  most  read-y  to  help. 

The  Ava-ges  of  sin  is  death.  It  is  poor  wa- 
ges that  will  not  help  a  man  to  live.  As  vir- 
tue is  its  own  re-ward-er,  so  sin  is  its  own  ex- 
e-cu-tion-er.  The  depths  of  mis-c-ry  are  nev- 
er be-yond  the  depths  of  mer-cy. 

They  on-ly  are  wise,  who  are  wise  un-to 
sal-va-tion. 

He  that  would  be  lit-tlc  in  tcmp-ta-tion,  let 
him  be  much  in  pray-er. 

MORALITY. 

-'Tis  our  part, 


fVs  Chris-nan?,  to  for-get  the  wrongs  we  f 
To  par-don  tres-pas-scs ;  our  ver-y  foes 
To  love  and  chcr-ish  ;  to  do  good  to  all ; 
Live  peace-a-b!y,  and  be,  in  ail  our  acts, 
Wise. as  the  ser-pent,  gon-tlc  a^  the  dove. 
— e<2^— 
TABLE  VI. 

>j  2  2 

Ac  ri  mo  ny  lat  er  al  ly  sec  on 

ac  cu  rate  ly  pal  h  a  tive  sec  re  ta  ry 

ad  mi  ral  ty  sal  u  tar  y  sed  en  ta  ry 

ad  vcr  sa  ry  tab  er  na  cle  sem  i  na  ry 

al  1c  gor  y  del*  i  nite  ly  sem  i  cir  c\c  cias) 

an  nu  al  ly  em  is  sar  y  tern  po  ra  ry 

cat  e  gor  y  ep  i  lep  sy  tern  per  a  ment 

jan  i  zar  y  med  ul  lar  y  tern  per  a  tore 

lap  i  dar  y  rcg  u  lar  ly  torn  per  ate  ly 


1  2  3 

tone,  not,  nor, 


4 

move,- 


57 

~~ J  2         ~3 

-tube,  sun.    full,- 


-rhyme,  system. 


ig  no  mm  y 
im  i  ta  tive 
dif  ft  cul  ty 
fig  u  ra  tive 
lit  er  a  ture 
lit  er  a  ry 
lin  e  al  ly 
mil  i  ta  ry 
crim  i  nal  ly 
sin  gu  lar  ly 
trib  u  ta  ry 
op  er  a  tive 
com  mis  sar  y 
cop  u  la  tive 
sol  i  ta  ry 
vol  un  ta  ry 
sub  lu  na  ry 
pul  mo  nar  y 
dys  en  ter  y 
mys  ti  cal  ly 


ut  ter  a  ble 
suf  fer  a  ble 
tris  yl  la  ble 


tu  te  la  ry 
va  ri  a  ble 

1  u 

pa  tri  ot  ism  as3) 

vi  bra  tor  y        man  da  tor  y 

nu  ga  tor  y        mat  ri  mon  y 

2  j  ,i        pat  ri  mon  y 

ad  mi  ra  bie  wj         ■  .  _  ' 
tran  si  tor  y 


am  i  ca  ble 

ap  pli  ca  ble 

hab  i  ta  ble 

lam  en  ta  ble 

mal  le  a  ble 

nav  i  ga  ble 

pal  at  a  ble 

es  ti  ma  ble 

des  pi  ca  ble 

cred  it  a  ble 

pref  er  a  ble 

pen  e  tra  ble 

rep  u  ta  ble 

per  ish  a  ble 

rev  o  ca  ble 

veri  er  a  ble 

im  i  ta  ble 

ir  ri  ta  ble 
ve  he  ment  ly    dis  pu  ta  ble 
pri  ma  ri  ly       dis  so  lu  ble 
glo  ri  ous  ly       dis  syl  la  ble 
mo  men  ta  ry    pit  i  a  ble 
cu  li  na  ry         com  par  a  ble    ob  sti  na  cy 
ju  di  ca  ture     hos  pi  ta  ble      op  u  len  cy 
lu  mi  na  ry        tol  er  a  ble        ser  vice  a  ble 
nu  mer  a  ry      prof  it  a  ble       tur  bu  len  cy 


a  vi  a  ry     (so> 
a  mi  a  ble 
me  li  o  rate . 
ste  re  o  type 


des  ul  tor  y 
in  cen  sor  y 
rep  er  tor  y 
ter  ri  tor  y 
tes  ti  mon  y 
in  ven  tor  y 
dil  a  tor  y 
or  a  tor  y 
con  sis  tor  y 
prom  is  sor  y 
prom  on  tor  y 
pur  ga  tor  y 

3 

for  mi  da  b\e 

2  s 

ad  ju  tan  cy 
cen  te  tia  ry 
id  i  o  cy 
in  ti  ma  cy 
mer  ce  na  ry 
mis  eel  Ian  y 
nee  es  sar  y 


1  3  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 

s2  s  2  v.  2j 

eel  i  ba  cy         id  i  ot  ism  veg  e  ta  ble 

vac  il  Ian  cy      mis  er  a  ble       veg  e  ta  tive 

pos  i  tive  ly  *  -i  ,° 

ac  cu  ra  cv(132)r        x  cat  er  nil  iar 

pres  by  ter  y  •  *    . 

ac  cos  sa  ry  ■  ■$         •  in  no  va  tor 

J       pres  i  dency  .•        . 

ac  ces  so  ry  J,.  m  sti  ga  tor 

,    J       prot  es  tan  tisrn  & 

>com  pe  ten  cy  1  2        j  nee  ro  man  ccr 

con  tu  ma  cy    cor  ri  gi  ble  leg  is  la  tor  (»o> 

del  i  ca  cy         el  i  gi  ble  nav  i  ga  tor 

ef  ri  ca  cy  leg  is  la  tive  op  er  a  tor 

in  tri  ca  cy        leg  is  la  ture  reg  u  la  tor 

nee  ro  man  cy  rel*  ra  ga  ble  spec  u  la  tor 

TABLE  VII. 

2  2  2 

A  bom  i  nate  (2°6)as  sas  si  nate    com  pul  sor  y 
a  cad  e  my        as  sim  i  late      con  com  i  tant 
ac  com  modateas  tron  o  my     con  sid  er  ate 

m  plish  mentat  ten  u  ate       con  sol  i  date 
mis  si  ble      be  at  i  fy  con  tin  u  al 

al  ter  na  tive     be  at  i  tnde       con  ven  ti  cle 
a  iiial  ga  mate  bel  lip  o  tent     con  vcr  ti  ble 
tag  o  nist     bi  en  ni  al   (»)   co  op  er  ate 
i    i!.  .  v  sis         ca  lnm  ni  ate    cor  rel  a  tive 
a  nat  o  my        co  ad  jn  tant     cor  rob  o  rate 
a  nora  a  ly         co  ag  u  late       cor  rup  ti  bk 

i]  o  gizc       col  lat  er  al       cy  lin  dri  cal 
a  pos  ta  tize      com  bus  ti  ble  de  cap  i  tate 
ap  pel  la  tive     commemoratede  lin  i  tive 
ap  per  ti  nent   com  mend  ablede  mon  stra  ble 
ar  lie  u  late       com  par  a  tive  de  pop  u  late 
ar  til  lejr  y  (35)   com  pat  i  ble    de  riv  a  tive 
as  par  a  gus      com  pres  si  ble  de  tes  ta  blfl 


59 


12  3  4  19  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


di  ag  o  nal 
di  as  to  le 
di  min  u  tive 
di  rec  to  ry 
dis  con  so  late 
dis  pen  sa  ry 
dis  sem  i  nate 
di  ver  si  fy  tso) 
do  mes  ti  cate 
e  con  o  my 
ef  fern  i  nate 
e  jac  u  late 
el  lip  ti  cal 
em  bar  rass  merit 
e  mol  u  ment 
em  pov  er  ish 
em  pyr  e  al 
e  pis  co  pal 
e  pit  o  me 
e  rad  i  cate 
ha  bil  i  ment 
he  ret  i  cal 
his  tor  i  cal 
hy  poc  ri  sy 
hy  pot  e  nuse 
i  den  ti  cal 
"1  lit  er  ate 
jrr  mac  u  late 
im  pal  pa  ble 
im  pas  sa  ble 
im  ped  i  ment 
im  per  a  tive 
im  per  son  al 


im  pol  i  tick 
im  pos  si  ble 
im  preg  na  ble 
im  prob  a  ble 
im  prov  i  dent 
in  cog  ni  to 
in  cred  i  ble 
in  def  i  nite 
in  del  i  ble 
in  del  i  cate 
in  dem  ni  fy 
in  die  a  tive 
in  ef  fa  ble 
in  fal  li  ble 
in  fin  i  tive 
in  flam  ma  hie 
in  hab  it  ant 
in  im  i  cal 
in  oc  u  late 
in  sen  si  ble 
in  sin  u  ate 
in  teg  u  ment 
in  ter  ro  gate 
in  tim  i  date 
in  val  i  date 
in  vet  er  ate 
in  vig  o  rate 
i  ron  i  cal 
ir  rei  e  vant 
ir  reg  u  lar 
i  tin  er  ant 
ma  hog  a  ny 
me  rid  i  an 


me  ton  y  my 
me  trop  o  lis 
mil  len  ni  um 
mo  not  o  ny 
nu  mer  ic  al 
ob  lit  er  ate 
oc  tag  o  nal 
om  nip  o  tent 
o  rac  u  lar 
or  bic  u  lar 
pa  rah  o  la 
pe  mil  ti  mate 
per  en  ni  al 
per  son  i  fy 
po  et  i  cal 
po  lit  i  cal 
po  lyg  a  my 
pre  die  a  ment 
pre  dom  i  nate 
pre  pon  der  at<j 
pre  var  i  cate 
pro  eras  tin  ate 
prog  nos  ti  cate 
pro  ver  bi  al 
re  crim  i  nate 
re  frac  tor  y  a») 
re  it  er  ate 
re  tal  i  ate 
re  ver  ber  ate 
gat  ir  i  cal    m 
sig  r-if  i  cant 
si  mil  i  tude 
sub  sei  vi  ent 


60 


1  2  3  4 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar,- 


-mc,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


sym  bol  i  cal     con  so  la  ble 
sym  met  ri  cal  con  troll  a  ble 
sy  nod  i  cal       dc  lu  sor  y 


de  mo  ni  ack 

di  lu  vi  an 

ef  flu  vi  a 

en  co  mi  um 

il  lu  mi  nate 

il  lu  sor  y    (3$ 

im  pe  ri  al 

im  pi  e  ty 

in  e  bri  ate 
astrologer  (I*,  .rradiate 

oa  rom  e  ter 


sys  tern  a  tizc 
ter  res  tri  al 
ty  ran  ni  cal 
ver  nac  u  lar 
ve  sic  u  lar 
zo  ol  o  gy 

2  u 

ad  min  is  ter 
ar  tif  i  cer 


com  par  i  son 
com  pet  i  tor 
di  am  e  ter 
dis  sim  i  lar 
by  drom  e  ter 
in  ter  pre  ter 
o  bliv  i  on 
pro  gen  it  or  (no, 

i 
ab  bre  vi  ate 
a  do  ra  ble 
a  e  ri  al 
al  le  vi  ate 
al  lu  vi  al 
an  ni  hi  late 
a  mc  na  ble 
ap  pro  pri  ate 
col  lu  sor  y  (39) 
co  me  di  an 


li  bra  ri  an 
ma  te  ri  al 
mer  cu  ri  al 
re  ga  li  a 
re  mu  ner  ate 
re  pu  di  ate 
re  sto  ra  tive 
sen  so  ri  um 

1  u 

cri  te  ri  on 

in  fe  ri  or 
in  te  ri  or 
par  he  li  on 
pe  cu  li  ar 
pos  te  ri  or 
pro  pri  e  tor 
su  pe  ri  or 
up  hols  ter  er 

a  bil  i  ty 


i;ih  mu  nicant  ab  sur  di  ty 


ac  tiv  i  ty 
af  fin  i  ty 
ad  ver  si  ty 
a  men  i  ty 
as  per  i  ty 
a  vid  i  ty 
bar  bar  i  ty 
ca  lam  i  ty 
con  cav  i  ty 
cu  pid  i  ty 
dis  par  i  ty 
de  prav  i  ty 
de  bil  i  ty 
di  vin  i  ty 
due  til  i  ty 
fa  tal  i  ty 
for  mal  i  ty 
fru  gal  i  ty 
fer  til  i  ty 
fi  del  i  ty 
fra  ter  ni  ty 
fri  vol  i  ty 
hil  ar  i  ty 
hos  til  i  ty 
hu  man  i  ty 
hu  mil  i  ty 
i  dol  a  try 
im  men  si  tv 
in  an  i  ty 
in  san  i  ty 
in  teg  ri  ty 
in  ten  si  ty 
ma  jor  i  ty 


61 

"I  8  3  4  1  2  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system 


ma  lig  ni  ty 
mi  nor  i  ty 
mo  bil  i  ty 
na  tiv  i  ty 
no  bil  i  ty 
pos  ter  i  ty 
pri  or  i  ty 
pro  fund  i  ty 
pros  per  i  ty 
re  al  i  ty 
ra  pid  i  ty 
scur  ril  i  ty 
se  ren  i  ty 
ser  vil  i  ty 
so  lid  i  ty 
sta  bil  i  ty 
£tu  pid  i  ty 
sub  lim  i  ty 
te  mer  i  ty 
ti  mid  i  ty 
va  lid  i  ty 
ve  nal  i  ty 
■r  ban  i  ty 
*ul  gar  i  ty 


an  nu  i  ty 
ere  du  li  ty 
com  mu  ni  ty 
fu  tu  ri  ty 
im  mu  ni  ty 
im  pu  ni  ty 
ma  tu  ri  ty 
ob  scu  ri  ty 


(32) 


sa  ti  e  ty 
se  cu  ri  ty 
te  nu  i  ty 
va  cu  i  ty 
va  ri  e  ty 

3 

de  for  mi  ty 
e  nor  mi  ty 
in  or  di  nate 
in  cor  po  rate 
pri  mor  di  al 

2s 

an  tic  i  pate 
a  cid  u  late 
a  pos  ta  cy 
cen  ten  ni  al 
cen  trif  u  gal 
cen  trip  e  tal 
de  cem  vi  ri 

de  liv  er  ance    du  plic  i  tv 
di  oc  e  san        fa  cil  i  ty 
e  man  ci  pate   fe  lie  i  ty 
e  mer  gen  cy  (wojfe  roc  i  ty 
im  pen  i  tence  men  dac  i  ty 
im  per  ti  nenee  ne  ces  si  ty 
im  plic  it  ly       o  pac  i  ty 
in  doc  i  ble        ra  pac  i  ty 
in  dif  fer  ence  rus  tic  i  ty 
in  her  it  ance    sa  gac  i  ty 
intelligence  (ho)  sim  plic  i.ty 
intern  per  ance  sin  cer  i  ty 
in  tol  er  ance    ve  loc  i  ty 
in  cen  di  cms     ve  rac  i  ty 
in  vin  c<  ble       vi  pin  i  ty 

F 


i  ras  ci  ble 
le  vit  i  cal 
ma  lev  o  lencc 
me  die  i  nal 
mu  nic  i  pal 
par  tic  i  pate 
re  cip  i  ent 
re  sus  ci  tate 
so  lie  i  tude 
su  prem  a  cy 
vi  cis  si  tude 
a  cer  bi  ty 
a  cid  i  ty 
a  troc  i  ty 
ce  leb  ri  ty 
ce  ler  i  ty 
ci  vil  i  ty 
do  cil  i  ty 


62 

1         ~ 2  3  4  1        2  I  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


vi  vac  i  ty 
vo  rac  i  ty 

a  2  3 

as  cen  den  cy 
be  nef  i  cence 
co  in  ci  dence 
magnif  i  cence 

k    s  2 

ac  eel  er  ate 
ac  cep  ta  ble 
ac  ces  si  ble 
ac  cip  i  ent 
de  moc  ra  cy 
in  clem  en  cy 
in  con  stan  cy 
in  cum  ben  cy 
ca  pac  i  ty 
flac  cid  i  ty 


Ac  a  dem  ick 
ad  a  man  tine 
al  i  men  tal 
al  le  gor  ick 
an  i  mal  cule 
an  ti  feb  rile 
ap  o  plcc  tick 
ap  os  tol  ick 
ap  pre  hen  sive 
ar  o  mat  ick 
be  a  tif  ick 
clim  ac  ter  ick 
cal  a  man  co 


2j 

al  lege  a  ble 
a  nal  o  gy 
bel  lig  e  rant 
de  gen  er  ate 
e  van  ge  list 
ge  om  e  try 
il  leg  i  ble 
in  dig  e  nous 
le  git  i  mate 
o  rig  i  nal 
re  gen  er  ate 
a  gil  i  ty 
gen  til  i  ty 
Ion  gev  i  ty 
ri  gid  i  ty 

2  z 

an  tip  o  des° 

TABLE  VIII. 

det  ri  men  tal 
dip  lo  mat  ick 
dis  con  tin  ue 
el  e  men  tal 
em  ble  mat  ick 
ep  i  dem  ick 
ep  i  lep  tick 
ev  er  last  ing 
hor  i  zon  tal 
in  con  sis  tent 
laz  ar  et  to 
man  i  fes  to 
memorandum 


bas  il  i  ca 
bas  il  i  con 
com  mis  er  ate 
in  vis  i  ble 
empiricism  032^ 
fa  nat  i  cism 

i  j. 
col  le  gi  an 

con  ge  ni  al 

3  1 

ce  ru  le  an 
de  ci  so  ry 
e  lu  ci  date 
pro  tu  ber  ance 
so  ci  e  ty 

1     z 

ac  cu  sa  tive 
ad  vi  sa  ble 


mi  cro  scop  ick 
mu  ri  at  ick 
or  na  men  tal 
o  ri  en  tal 
par  a  lyt  ick 
pat  ro  nym  ick 
ped  o  bap  tist 
ret  ro  spec  tive 
sac  ra  ment  al 
sal  ma  gun  di 
sop  o  rif"  ick 
su  do  rif  ick 
vit  ri  ol  ick 


63 

1  2  3  4  1  2  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system, 

1  2       u  2        s 

af  fi  da  vit         re  con  sid  er     ev  a  nes  cent 

al  li  ga  tor  .*    "    in  ci  den  tal 

&  com  men  ta  tor         •  5      .  , 

apparatus  ri  .  occidental^) 

,'  V         ,  lib  er  a  tor 

bas  ti  na  do  ,■  . , 

i  •  me  di  a  tor  ,     B 1   ■.     . 

co  ad  iu  tor  ,  an  te  ce  dent 

,  J        i  mod  er  a  tor 

hy  me  ne  al  pan  a  ce  a 

•  J  ,  o  ver  se  er  •     •  j  i 

m  de  co  rum  2        j    par  ri  ci  dal 

lit  er  a  ti  dis  ad  van  tage  sac  er  do  tal 

sem  i  co  Ion      syl  lo  gis  tick  2 

o      „         i  j     i    J  •  i  an  i  mad  vert 

,  c     ,  al  ge  bra  lck  .  . 

ben  e  fac  tor       ,  &  ,  an  te  pe  nult 

i      c      .  el  e  gi  ack  •    ,r        . 

mal  e  lac  tor  to2  s  ar  1S  to  crat 

pred  e  ces  sor  an  ti  ac  id         su  per  in  tend 

— Qs©£> — 

TABLE  II. 

Words  selected  from  the  following  reading  lesson. 

12  3  1 

Beau  ties     health  (ira)  dmtgh  ter    ap  pears 

rose     (is?)    pleas  ures       3  3  re  pose  asr) 

mh  ;  „  „   mountains       r. 

cheer  Mne^^  *  sh  •"    z      ^      ^^ 

!  vig  our        pasS  l0ns  *?  •? 

,  a.  vir  tues  aw)    ^       <*  z      pny  si  cian 

their     (74)  exercise  ,3e 

2  4  employments 

ap  pe  tites  heart  «  undisturbed 

conquerfaaijmove  ments    com  bat  (39)  x  shn 

in  no  cence  spar  kles     does     (issj    hab  i  ta  tion 

HEALTH. 

1 .  Who  is  she  that  with  grace-ful  steps,  and 
with  a  live-ly  air,  trips  over  yon-der  plain  ? 

2.  The  rose  blush-es  on  her  cheeks ;  the 
jsweet-ness  of  the  morn-ing  breathes  from  her 


64 


lips ;  joy,  tem-per-ed  with  in-noccnce  and 
mod-es-ty,  spar-kles  in  her  eyes;  and  the  cheer- 
ful-ness  of  her  heart  ap-pears  in  all  her  move- 
ments. 

3.  Her  name  is  Health  :  she  is  the  dangh-ter 
of  Ex-er-cise  and  Tcm-per-ance.  Their  sons 
in-hab-it  the  moun-tains  and  the  plain.  They 
are  brave,  ac-tive,  and  live-ly  ;  and  par-take  of 
all  the  beau-tic*  and  vir-tues  of  their  sis-tcr. 

4.  Vig-our  strings  their  nerves,  strength 
dwells  in  their  bones,  and  la-bour  is  their  de- 
light all  the  day  long.  The  em-ploy-mcnts  of 
their  fath-er  ex-cite  their  ap-pe-tites  ;  and  the 
re-pasts  of  their  moth-er  re-fresh  them. 

5.  To  coin-bat  the  pass-ions,  is  their  de- 
light ;  to  con-quer  e-vil  hab-its,  their  glo-rv. 
Their  pleas-ures  are  mod-er-ate,  and  there- 
fore they  en-dure  :  their  re-pose  is  short,  but 
sound  and  un-dis-tur-bed.  Their  blood  is  pure ; 
their  minds  are  se-rene ;  and  the  phys-i-cian 
does  not  find  the  way  to  their  hab-i-ta-tions. 

ECONOMY"  OF  HUMAN   LfFE. 


TABLE  IX. 

0  2  2 

jus  ti  fi  a  ble     in  dis  pu  ta  ble  ab  sol  u  tor  y 
lab  o  ra  tor  y  m  in  dis  so  lu  ble  con  com  i  tant  1  y 
inon  o  syl  la  ble  in  es  ti  ma  ble  consolatory    k 
ob  li  ga  to*  y    in  ev  i  ta  ble     co  tern  po  ra  ry 
pol  y  syl  la  ble  in  hos  pi  table  dis  pen  sa  tor  y 
rem  edi  less  ness  in  mi  i  ta  ble     e  pis  to  lar  y 
in  du  la  to  ry  in  sep  a  rable    he  red  i  ta  ry 

2  in  ter  mi  na  ble  in  flam  ma  tor  y 

a  bom  i  na  ble  ir  rep  a  ra  ble  pre  lim  i  na  ry 
incomparable  ir  rev  o  ca  ble  pre  par  a  to 


65 

"~1     '         2  3  4  12  3  1  sT"" 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 

2  2  2 

sub  sid  i  a  ry     in  dis  pen  sa  ble    lib  er  al  i  ty 

ar  tic  u  la  ted  jn  tro  duc  l?r  Y     map;  na  nim  i  tv 

di  am  e  tral  ly  !r  re  sPecftlve  ^    me  di  oc  ri  ty 
,  i    hippopotamus  .  .,  .    J 

re  tic  u  la  tea  mJn  u  fac  tor  y     mu  ta  bil  i  ty 

sig  nif  i  ca  tive  met  ro  pol  Uan     pla  ca  bil  i  ty 

2         j  par  al  lei  o  gram    prod  i  gal  i  ty 

in  cor  ri  gi  ble  per  pen  die  u  lar    se  ni  Gr  i  ty 

in  tel  li  gi  ble    rep  re  hen  si  ble     gen  g-  ^  1  i  ty 

ir  ref  ra  ga  ble  sat  is  fac  tor  y    gim  [  lar  j  t  J 

legit  i  ma  cy  <i»>su  per  er  o  gate  gol  u  bil  {    > 

0  supplementary  -,  ■  J 

incendiary    testamentary     ™>r  sa  tiJ _  i  ty 

ef  fern  i  na  c v  tn§  °  nom  e  try  v  i  •  Y 

ei  lem  i  na  cy       {    d[  vol  u  bJ  ,  t 

in  vet  er  a  cy  ,  _.  -      , J 

,.„„  c  a  ~  an  a  lyt  i  cal  2       j 

con  led  er  a  cy  /      .      ,    .  p„  nl  n  L_ 

an  a  tom  i  ca*  gy 

e  pis  co  pa  cy  &p  Qg  tol .  ^     ar  e  op  a  gite 

dis  in  ter  est  ed  cat  e  gor  i  cal    an  a  log  *  cal , 
ob  ser  va  tor  y  di  a  met  ri  cal  ev  an  gel  1  cal 

re  pos  i  tor  y    ec  °  nom  *  cal  et  ?  mo1  °  gy 
em  ble  mat  i  cal     ge  o  met  ri  cal 

in  du  bi  ta  ble  en  ig  mat »  cal  gen  er  os  "  ty 

in  nu  mer  a  ble  hy  Per  bo1  'l  cal  min  er  al  o  gy 

in  su  per  a  ble  hvP  °  en* »  cal  °s  te  ol  o  gy 

re  me  di  a  ble  Pe  ri  od  »  cal      Pri  mo  gen  i  ture 

conveniently  systematical  2s 

pe  cu  ni  ar  y  a^^a  °il  i  ty        du  o  dec  i  mo 

2  an  i  mos  i  ty      e  las  tic  i  ty 

an  no  dom  i  ni  fu  si  bil  i  *y         ef  flo  res  cen  cy 

an  ni  ver  sa  ry  im  m0  ral  j  ty      im  be  cil  i  ty 

remenTary      ^mortality  imperceptible 

in  com  pat  i  ble      m  fi  del  l  ty  m  ad  ver  ten  CY 

in  con  ties  ta  ble     j"  si  pid  i  ty  mul  ti  plic  i  ty 

in  dis  crim  i  nate   in  tre  pid  i  ty  par  ti  cip  i  al 

f2 


66 

1  «  3  4  1         2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,   tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 

■  2  1  1 

cir cum  am  bient  bac  cAa  na  li  an  sub  ter  ra  nean 

prin  ci  pal  i  ty    COr  nu  co  pi  se    tes  ti  mo  ni  al 

tac  i  tur  ni  ty     dic  ta  to  ri  al      am  mo  ni  a  cal 

k    r9  .  im  ma  te  ri  al     dem  o  ni  a  cal 

c  lee  trie  i  ty      m  con  ye  m-  ent  am  ^  gU  •  ty 

cc  ccn  trie  i  ty  im  me  mQ  rf  a]   con  ti  gu  j  ty 

ar  is  toe  ra  cy     j_  CQn  gQ  ja  bk  con  ti  nu  j  ty 

in  ac  ces  si  ble  m  e  bri  e  ty        Qp  por  tu  ni  ty 

in  ca  pac  i  tate  con  tra  rf  e  fy    per  pe  tu  j  ty 

in  ca  pac  i  ty     mat  ^  mQ  ni  aj  m       nu  •  t    (140) 

id  sig  nif  .  cane,  ^  &  tQ  rf  q  lon  gi  ^  di  _al 

ir  re  sis  ti  ble      per  i  era  ni  urn  a  man  u  ^  gis 
rep  re  sent  a  tive  per  l  he  li  urn      su  perincumbcnt 
ris  i  bil  i  ty  sen  a  to  ri  al       sa  per  m  tend  ant 

TABLE  X. 

2  0 

Con  cil  i  a  tor  y    (is)  ad  mi  ra  bil  i  ty 

e  jac  u  la  tor  y      m  ar  is  to  crat  i  cal 

re  ver  ber  a  tor  y  cor  ro  si  bil  i  ty 

in  tol  er  a  ble  ness  com  pres  si  bil  i  ty 

i?        .  dis  sim  i  lar  i  ty 

cir  cum  loc  u  tor  y  (132)    c  c  , .,  .  / 

,    c  .  •        ui  ci  tu  ma  bil  i  ty 

in  de  tat  i  £a  ble  ■  ,  .,  .J. 

,  i  cor  rup  ti  bil  1  ty 

in  de  ter  mi  na  ble  i          i  i  •  J 

!    ,-u           .i  im  pla  ca  bil  1  ty 

in  de  lib  er  a  ted  •      r             ,       /.n 

in  com  pre  hen  si  ble 

in  ter  rog  a  tor  y  r .                         .., 

to         ,  /  in  con  tro  vert  1  ble 

ir  re  cov  er  a  ble  ,  .  ,.,  . 

,            t ,  in  cred  i  bil  1  ty 

ir  re  plev  i  a  ble  .    r  ,  ,.  , .,  .  .  J 

r  ,  in  tal  li  bil  i  ty 

ir  re  me  di  a  ble  in  fe  ri  or  i  ty 

su  per  nu  mcr  ar  v        in  stru  men  tal  i  ty 


67 

°1  2  3  4  12  3  1  2~"~ 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


pe  cu  li  ar  i  ty 
prac  ti  ca  bil  i  ty 
pu  sil  Ian  im  i  ty 
su  pe  ri  or  i  ty 
sus  cep  ti  bil  i  ty 

el  i  gi  bil  i  ty 
ge  ne  a  log  i  cal 
me  te  o  rol  o  gy 
re  fran  gi  bil  i  ty 


ad  min  is  tra  tor  ship 
me  di  a  to  ri  al 
pre  des  ti  na  ri  an 
en  cy  clo  pe  di  a    (is2) 
(132)  ir  rec  on  ci  la  ble 

im  pen  e  tra  bil  i  ty 
in  com  pat  i  bil  i  ty 
ir  ref  ra  ga  bil  i  ty  (i4oj 
me  te  o  ro  log  i  cal 


TABLE  III. 

Words  from  the  following  reading  lessons,  defined. 


A-corn,  the  seed  of  the  oak. 
Fame,  renown,  celebrity. 
Fae-lings,  imperfections. 
Ra/se,  (i5~)  to  lift,  to  elevate. 
Aim,  an  intention,  a  design. 
Pra/se,  (157)  renown,  com- 
mendation. 

1  u 

Pra*se-wor-thy,  deserving 
praise. 

Grate-ful,  having  a  due 
sense  of  benefits. 

Ra-cer,  runner,  one  that 
contends  in  speed. 

Creo-tures,  (is?)  beings  cre- 
ated. 

Rea-son,  n57)  the  power  by 
which  man  deduces  con- 
sequences from  premi? 
ses. 

Fee-lings,  sensibility. 

Ce-dar,  a  tree. 

Ert-gle,  a  bird  of  prey. 


Ear,  the  organ  of  hearing, 

Pru-dencr,  wisdom  applied* 
to  practice. 

Ri-seth.  groweth  up. 

Spite,  defiance. 

Course,  race,  career. 

Glo-r/es,  splendour,  bright- 
ness. 

Oak,  a  well  known  tree. 

Rose,  (157)  a  flower. 

Soar-eth,  mounteth,  riseth 
high. 

Soul,  the  immortal  spirit  of 
man. 

Mu-tu-al,  (168)  reciprocal, 
each  acting  in  return. 

2 

Ac-tions,  (167)  deeds. 

Branch,  (134)  the  shoot  of  a 
tree. 

Cher-ish,  to  support. 

Char-i-ty,  good  will,  benev- 
olence. 


68 


l  2  3  4 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar,- 


12  1  2 

-me,  bed, — time,   bid, — 


Grat-i-tude,  duty  to  bene- 
factors. 

Hab-it,  custom. 

Pant-eth,  thirsteth  earnestly. 

Slan-der,  false  invective,  re- 
proach. 

Ben-e-fits,  profits,  kindness. 

Earth,  (70)  the  world. 

There-fore,  for  this  reason. 

Eq-ui-page,  (i5i)  attendance. 

Wel-fare,  (15)  happiness, 
prosperity. 

Gen-er-ous,  liberal. 

Health,  freedom  from  bod- 
ily sickness. 

Heav-en,  the  regions  above, 
the  expanse  of  the  sky. 

Em-i-nent,  dignified,  con- 
spicuous. 

Pleas-ure,  (165)  delight. 

Strength,  force,  vigour. 

Spre«d-eth,  extendeth. 

Tem-per-ance,  moderation. 

Dil-i-gence,  industry. 

Fix-es,  makes  fast. 

llon-wur,  dignity. 

For-est,  an  uncultivated 
tract  of  ground  covered 
with  wood. 

Lift-ed,  elevated. 

Spir-it,  the  soul. 

Knowl  edge,  learning,  illu- 
mination of  the  mind. 

Lodg-eth,  placed  in  a  tem- 
porary habitation. 

Dust,  earth. 

Jus-tice,  right. 

Sun,  the  luminary  that 
makes  the  day. 

Des-ert,  057)  a  wilderness. 

Wis-dom,  the  power  of 
judging  rightly. 


Fil-ial,  pertaining  to  a  son. 
Call-ing,  profession,  trade. 
Stork,  a  bird  of  passage. 

4 

Pa/m-tree,  a  large  tree  that 
grows  in  warm  climates. 

Bo-som,  the  breast,  the 
heart. 

3 

3u 

Bow-els,  the  inner  parts  of 

any  thing. 
Moun-trtins,  large  hills. 

32 

Toil-ed,  laboured. 
Voice,  sound  emitted  by  the 
mouth. 

3e 

Joy-ous,  (50)  giving  joy. 
l 

a 

Nei^-bour,  one  who  lives 
near  to  another. 

2zh  u    z 

Vis-ions,  dreams. 

o 
U 

Thirst-eth,  suffereth  want 
of  drink. 

2 

o 

Fir-ma-ment,  the   sky,  the 

heavens. 

Vir-tu-ous,      (167)      morally 

good. 
i 

Sus-ta/n-ed,  supported. 

Su-pe-ri-or,  one  more  dig- 
nified than  another. 

E-steem,  high  value. 

Re-ceive,  to  obtain  from 
another. 

Pro-ceed-eth,  goeth  for- 
ward. 

De-si^n,  an  intention,  a 
scheme. 

De-l^At,  j 


69 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


As-pire,  to  desire  with  ea- 
gerness. 

So-ci-e-ty,  union  of  many  in 
one  general  interest. 

Sup-pli-eth,  relieveth,  fur- 
nisheth. 

Pro-mote,  to  advance,  to 
forward. 

En-du-ed,  supplied  with 
mental  excellencies. 

Oc-ca-sion,  (165)  opportunity. 

o 

Hu-man-i-ty,  human  kind. 

Be-nev-o-lence,  disposition 
to  do  good. 

Con-fer,  to  give,  to  be- 
stow. 

Ir-rev-er-encc,  want  of  ven- 
eration. 

En-de«v-our,  to  labour  to  a 
certain  end. 

Pros-per-i-ty,  success,  good 
fortune. 

A-loft,  on  high. 

Re-cip-ro-cal,  mutual,  alter- 
nate. 

\c-know\-edgc,  to  own. 


In-struc-tion,  information, 
act  of  teaching. 

Op-pres-sion,  the  act  of  op- 
pressing. 

Tran-quil-li-ty,  quiet,  peace 
of  mind. 


Pos-sess,    to 
owner. 


have    as    an 


Ex-am-pk ,  (173)  pattern,  pre- 
cedent. 

gz  3 

Ex-alt,  to  raise  on  high. 

O-he-di-ent,  (136,  submission 
to  authority. 

a        2 

There-of,  of  this. 

a 
Com-pre-hend-eth,  compri- 

seth,  includeth. 
Im-mor-tal-i-ty,  life  never  to 

end. 
Gen-er-os-i-ty,       liberality, 

magnanimity. 

1  shu 

Ex-e-cu-tion,  performance. 
Ob-li-ga-tions,  duties,   con- 
tracts. 


EMULATION. 

If  thy  soul  thirsteth  for  honour  ;  if  thy  ear 
hath  any  pleasure  in  the  voice  of  praise  ;  raise 
thyself  from  the  dust,  whereof  thou  art  made 
— and  exalt  thy  aim  to  something  that  is  praise- 
worthy. 

The  oak  that  now  spreadeth  its  branches 
towards  the  heavens,  was  once  but  an  acorn 
in  the  bowels  of  the  earth. 

Endeavour  to  be  first  in  thy  calling,  what- 


70 

ever  it  be  :  neither  let  any  one  go  before  thee 
in  well-doing. 

By  a  virtuous  emulation,  the  spirit  of  a  man 
is  exEtlted  within  him ;  he  panteth  after  fame, 
and  rejoiceth  as  a  racer  to  run  his  course. 

He  riseth  like  the  palm-tree,  in  spite  of  op- 
pression ;  and  as  an  eagle  in  the  firmament 
of  iieaven,  he  soareth  aloft,  and  fixes  his  eye 
upon  the  glories  of  the  sun. 

The  example  of  eminent  men  are  in  his 
visions  by  night ;  and  his  delight  is  to  follow 
them  all  the  day  long. 

He  formeth  great  designs,  he  rejoiceth  in 
the  execution  thereof,  and  his  name  goeth 
forth  to  the  ends  of  the  world. 

Let  good  feelings,  and  good  and  virtuous 
habits  gain  strength  with  thy  years,  and  you 
shall  rise  like  a  cedar  on  the  mountains ;  your 
head  shall  be  lifted  above  the  trees  of  the 
forest. 

Early  aspire  to  good  and  great  actions,  and 
a  holy  life. 

Be  obedient  to  your  superiors,  and  they 
shall  bless  you. 

Cherish  in  your  bosom  the  generous  feel- 
ings of  gratitude,  and  you  shall  receive  bene- 
fits. 

Possess  charity,  and  you  shall  gain  es- 
teem. 

Possess  temperance,  and  you  shall  have 
health. 

Possess  diligence  and  prudence,  and  with 
them,  you  shall  have  riches. 

Possess  justice,  and  you  shall  be  honoured 
by  the  world. 


71 

Possess  knowledge,  and  you  shall  be  ex- 
alted, and  your  life  shall  be  useful. 

Possess  "  good  will  to  man,"  and  love  to 
God,  and  your  death  shall  be  joyous,  and  the 
life  to  come  shall  be  a  blessed  immortality. 

FILIAL  LOVE. 

Be  grateful  to  thy  father,  for  he  gave  thee 
life,  and  to  thy  mother,  for  she  sustained  thee. 

Hear  the  words  of  his  mouth,  for  they  are 
spoken  for  thy  good ;  give  ear  to  his  admo- 
nition, for  it  proceedeth  from  love. 

He  hath  watched  for  thy  welfare  ;  he  hath 
toiled  for  thy  ease ;  do  honour,  therefore,  to 
his  age,  and  let  not  his  grey  hairs  be  treated 
with  irreverence. 

BENEVOLENCE. 

When  thou  considerest  thy  wants,  when 
thou  beholdest  thy  imperfections,  acknow- 
ledge his  goodness,  O  son  of  humanity !  who 
honoured  thee  with  reason,  endued  thee  with 
speech,  and  placed  thee  in  society,  to  receive 
and  confer  reciprocal  helps,  and  mutual  obli- 
gations. 

It  is  thy  duty,  therefore,  to  be  a  friend  to 
mankind,  as  it  is  thy  interest  that  man  should 
be  friendly  to  thee. 

As  the  rose  breatheth  sweetness  from  its 
own  nature,  so  the  heart  of  a  benevolent  man 
produceth  good  works. 

He  enjoyeth  the  ease  and  tranquillity  of  his 
own  breast,  and  rejoiceth  in  the  happiness  and 
prosperity  of  his  neighbour. 

He  openeth  not  his  ear  unto  slander ;  the 


72 

faults  and  the  failings  of  men  give  pain  to  his 
heart. 

His  desire  is  to  do  good,  and  he  searcheth 
out  the  occasions  thereof;  in  removing  the 
oppressions  of  another,  he  relieveth  himself. 

From  the  largeness  of  his  mind,  he  com- 
prehendeth  in  his  wishes,  the  happiness  of 
all  men  ;  and  from  the  generosity  of  his  heart, 
he  ende avoureth  to  promote  it. 


A  BIRTH-DA  y. 

Swift  as  the  arrow  flies, 

My  time  is  hastening  on  : 
Quick  as  the  lightning  from  the  skies. 

My  wasting  moments  run. 

My  follies  past,  O  God,  forgive  : 

My  ev'ry  sin  subdue  : 
And  teach  me,  henceforth, how  to  lire. 

With  glory  in  my  view. 

Twere  better  I  had  not  been  born, 

Than  live  without  thy  fear; 
For  they  are  wretched  and  forlorn, 
Who  have  their  portion  here. 

But  thanks  to  thy  unbounded  grace, 

That  in  my  early  youth, 
I  have  been  taught  to  seek  thy  face, 

And  know  the  ways  of  truth. 

O  !  let  thy  spirit  lead  me  still, 

Along  the  happy  road  : 
Conform  me  to  thy  holy  will, 

My  father  and  my  God. 

Another  year  of  life  is  past ; 

My  heart  to  thee  incline ; 
That,  if  this  year  should  be  my  last, 

It  may  be  wholly  thine. 


73 


THE  ROSE. 

How  fair  is  the  rose  !  what  a  beautiful  flower  ! 

The  glory  of  April  and  May  ! 
But  the  leaves  are  beginning  to  fade  in  an  hour, 

And  they  wither  and  die  in  a  day. 

Yet  the  rose  has  one  powerful  virtue  to  boast, 

Above  all  the  flowers  of  the  field  : 
When  its  leaves  are  all  dead,  and  fine  colours  are  lost, 

Still  how  sweet  a  perfume  it  will  yield ! 

So  frail  is  the  youth  and  the  beauty  of  men, 
Though  they  bloom  and  look  gay  like  the  rose ; 

But  all  our  fond  care  to  preserve  them  is  vain  : 
Time  kills  them  as  fast  as  he  goes. 

Then  I'll  not  be  proud  of  my  youth,  or  my  beauty, 

Since  both  of  them  wither  and  fade  : 
But  gain  a  good  name  by  well  doing  my  duty  : 

This  will  scent  like  a  rose  when  I'm  dead. 

Watts. 

THE  PHILANTHROPIST. 

What  blessings  bounteous  Heav'n  bestows, 

He  takes  with  thankful  heart : 
With  temperance, he  eats  and  drinks, 

And  gives  the  poor  a  part. 

To  sect  or  party,  his  large  soul 

Disdains  to  be  confiu'd  : 
The  good  he  loves,  of  ev'ry  name, 

And  prays  for  all  mankind. 

Pure  in  his  zeal,  the  offspring  fair 

Of  truth  and  heav'nly  love  ; 
The  bigot's  rage  can  never  dwell, 

Where  rests  the  peaceful  dove. 

CONTENTMENT. 

I  envy  not  the  proud  their  wealth, 

Their  equipage  and  state  : 
Give  me  but  innocence  and  health, 

I  ask  not  to  be  great. 
G 


SECOND  PART. 

— ^OS- 
RULES  FOR  READING  PROSE. 

Any  person,  who  has  a  clear  voice,  and  can  articulate 
correctly  the  English  elementary  sounds,  or  the  letters  of 
the  alphabet,  may,  with  some  attention,  become  a  good 
reader ;  but  there  are  persons,  who  can  never  become 
harmonious  readers,  for  the  reasons  of  a  stammering  or 
lisping — a  roughness  of  voice,  or  loss  of  teeth ;  but  to 
such  it  is  a  consolation  that  neither  these,  nor  any  other 
natural  defects,  can  prevent  their  reading  correctly. 

To  read  with  propriety  and  elegance,  the  following 
particulars  must  be  observed,  viz.  Articulation,  Pronun- 
ciation, Emphasis,  Cadence,  Pauses,  Key  or  Pitch  of  the 
voice,  and  Tones. 

ARTICULATION, 

A  correct  articulation  consists  in  giving  each  letter  or 
syllable  its  proper  sound,  and  a  distinct  and  forcible  ut- 
terance. 

Articulation  may  be  strengthened  and  improved  by 
frequent  loud  reading,  and  a  due  attention  to  the  forma- 
tion of  the  elementary  sounds  by  the  organs  of  speech. 

PRONUNCIATION. 

A  good  pronunciation  consists  in  giving  each  letter  its 
just  quantity  and  quality  of  sound  ;  and  each  word  its 
proper  accent. 

Pronunciation  should  be  distinct,  bold,  and  forcible; 
these  requisites  depend  on  the  strength  and  energy  of  the 
voice,  which  may  be  easily  acquired,  by  reading  aloud 
long  passages,  and  expressing  with  a  full  impulse  of 
breath,  and  a  forcible  action  of  the  orga/is,  the  simple 
sounds,  in  each  word. 

EMPHASIS. 

Emphasis  is  a  forcible  stress  of  voice  laid  upon  such 
words  in  a  sentence,  as  best  convey  the  meaning.  Every 
sentence  contains  one,  and  perhaps  several  words,  which 
are  to  be  distinguished  by  a  strong  impulse  of  voice. 
Emphasis  is  to  words,  what  accent  is  to  syllables;  (109) 
for  as  the  latter  dignifies  the  syllable  on  which  it  is  laid, 
and  presents  the  meaning  of  the  word  in  a  clearer  light 


75 

to  the  understanding,  so  the  former  ennobles  the  word  it, 
which  it  belongs,  and  makes  the  sentence  appear  more 
intelligible  and  perspicuous.   (200) 

The  reader  will  never  be  at  a  loss  where  to  place  the 
emphasis,  if  he  understand  well  the  meaning  and  spirit 
of  the  sentence  he  is  to  express.  If  he  make  this  book 
his  Instructor,  he  is  advised  to  study,  with  particular  at- 
tention, the  Spelling  Tables  that  immediately  precede  the 
Reading  Lessons.  When  he  is  able  to  pronounce  and 
define  all  the  difficult  words  of  his  reading  exercise,  he 
can  read  with  more  understanding,  and,  consequently, 
with  greater  facility  and  correctness. 

CADENCE. 

Cadence  is  the  reverse  of  emphasis ;  or  a  falling  of  the 
voice. 

PAUSES, 

Pauses  are  a  total  cessation  of  sound  during  a  per- 
ceptible space  of  time ;  they  are  generally  used  to  mark 
the  divisions  of  the  sense,  and  to  give  the  reader  time  to 
draw  his  breath. 

There  are  three  kinds  of  pauses,  viz.  the  suspending, 
rising,  and  falling.  The  duration  of  these  depends  on 
the  connection,  sense,  and  spirit  of  the  composition,  and 
is  measured  by  the  following  marks ;  comma  (,)  semicolon  (; ) 
•colon  (:)  and  period  (.)  The  voice  should  stop  at  these  marks 
in  proportion  to  the  numbers  one,  two,  three,  and  four. 

Although  this  rule  is  generally  correct,  yet  not  always 
so,  for  both  the  proportion  and  duration  of  the  pauses 
often  change  with  the  style  or  spirit  of  the  sentiments. 
Some  paragraphs  require  quick  reading,  others  slow. 
There  is  another  pause  of  considerable  importance, 
called  an  emphatical  pause,  made  immediately  before  or 
after  an  emphasis.  It  is  not  designated  by  any  mark, 
and  its  duration  depends  on  the  nature  of  the  emphasis. 

Good  readers  generally  make  at  a  comma,  or  a  note  of 
admiration,  a  suspending  pause. 

At  a  semicolon,  colon,  and  period,  there  should  be  a 
falling  pause. 

An  interrogative  sentence  formed  by  who,  how,  how 
much,  how  many,  why,  when,  where,  and  some  others, 
closes  with  a  falling  pause,  unless  the  last  word  is  em- 
phatical. 

A  rising  or  suspending  pause  is  always  made,  when  the 
last  word  is  emphatical. 


76 

PITCHES  OF  THE  VOICE. 

There  are  usually  reckoned  three  pitches  of  the  voice  ; 
the  middle,  the  high,  and  the  low. 

The  middle  pitch  is  used  in  ordinary  discourse. 

The  high  is  used  in  the  reading  of  plaintive  and  joyous 
passages. 

The  low  is  used  in  solemn  and  gloomy  passages. 

The  pitch  or  key  of  the  voice  should  always  be  ac- 
commodated to  the  nature  of  the  sentiments  to  be  ex- 
pressed, and  the  loudness  or  force  of  the  voice  should  be 
proportioned  to  the  room  and  the  audience  in  it.  In 
order  rightly  to  proportion  the  quantity  of  voice,  let  the 
loader,  at  the  beginning,  direct  it  to  the  most  distant  part 
of  his  auditory. 

TONES. 

Tones  are  the  notes  or  variations  of  the  voice,  and  vary 
with  the  emotions  of  the  mind.  They  are  implanted  in 
tiie  animal  nature  of  man,  and,  therefore,  make  a  com- 
mon language,  understood  by  all  nations  and  tongues. 

Without  a  natural  and  judicious  use  of  the  tones,  we 
•  an  neither  please  nor  persuade,  or  make  our  sentiments 
iurcible  or  affecting. 

The  tones  which  express  the  different  passions  of  the 
mind,  are  as  follows: 

Love,  by  a  soft,  smooth,  and  languishing  voice. 

Anger,  by  a  strong,  vehement,  and  elevated  voice. 

Joy,  by  a  quick,  sweet,  and  clear  voice. 

Fear,  by  a  dejected,  tremulous,  and  hesitating  voice. 

Courage,  by  a  firm,  bold,  and  swelling  voice. 

Perplexity,  by  a  grave,  steady,  and  earnest  voice. 

In  narration,  the  voice  should  be  distinct. 

In  reasoning,  the  voice  should  be  slow. 

In  persuasion,  the  voice  should  be  strong. 

When  we  recommend  an  attention  to  the  tones,  or  lan- 
guage of  emotions,  we  must  be  understood  to  do  it  with 
proper  limitation.  Moderation  is  necessary  in  this  point, 
as  it  is  in  other  things.  For  when  reading  becomes  strictly 
imitative,  it  assumes  a  theatrical  manner,  and  must  be 
highly  improper,  as  well  as  give  offence  to  the  hearers ; 
because  it  is  inconsistent  with  that  delicacy  and  modesty, 
which  are  indispensable  on  sucli  occasions.  The  speaker 
who  delivers  his  own  emotions,  must  be  supposed  to  be 
more  vivid  and  animated,  than  would  be  propei  in  the 
person,  who  relates  them  at  second  hand. 

(For  the  reading  of  Poetry,  see  p,  141.) 


77 


l              2 

3            4 

1             2 

3 

1               2 

tone,  not 

,  nor,  move 

i, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 

TABLE 

I. 

1 

l 

i 

1 

1 

Aid    (5-i) 

date 

heat 

league 

wheat 

ami 

haste 

eel 

pea 

field  (&9) 

ait 

hake 

feel 

plea 

shield 

baize 

break 

heal 

tea 

grief 

bane 

quake 

meal 

yea 

brief 

brain 

saint 

veal 

leap 

shriek 

dram 

taint 

zeal 

reap 

fief 

gam 

traipse 

fear 

glean 

fiend 

lam 

dare 

year 

sneeze 

grieve 

stain 

swear 

near 

keel 

priest 

strain 

square(i5Dseor 

kneel 

light 

sprain 

stay 

shear 

keep 

right 

swam 

fray 

smear 

sleep 

tight 

twain 

bray 

steer 

knee 

isle 

plaint 

stray 

lead 

leash 

while  (47) 

paint 

way 

plead 

peat 

whine 

quaint  (is 

ijsway 

fleam 

seat 

trite 

sail 

plague 

dream 

seek 

white 

fail 

vagwe 

gleam 

sleek 

kite 

dale 

beast  (67, 

i  stream 

she 

die  (90) 

quail 

beak 

least 

rear 

lie 

flail 

blear 

leaf 

spear 

fight 

frail 

bleat 

sheaf 

sleet 

wight 

mail 

bleed 

heap 

street 

b\ight 

nail 

beard 

lease  (ia 

) sneak 

flight 

snail 

deal 

grease 

speak 

height 

trail 

ear 

wreak 

squeak 

bright 

braze 

east 

weave 

squeal 

dight 

paid 

feast 

heave 

sneer 

fright 

staid 

eat 

leave 

wheeze 

\Aight 

maim 

neat 

g2 

glebe 

treat  as) 

sprig/;t 

-,  a 


1 

2        .    S 

4                 1 

2              I 

blade 

,  man,  hall 

,  tar, — me, 

bed, — tune 

,    bid,— 

1                  J 

squire  (is') shorn 

i 
road 

flue 

valve 

guile  ("5 

i  sworn 

sword 

suit 

wrap 

g?nde 

slope 

joad 

flute 

lapse 

/cnife 

oaf 

mole 

skue 

dread 

strife 

loaf 

whole 

feud 

tread 

pie 

oak 

told 

lyre 

stead 

tie 

yoke 

mould 

style 

delve 

nigh  (n9) 

own  (107) 

smote 

rye 

helve 

sigh 

board 

vote 

why 

head 

vie 

hoard 

pope 

shy 

spread 

pied 

goat 

soap 

sky  (33) 

dwell 

smoke 

boat 

post 

spy 

spell 

spoke 

dote 

owe 

type 

sweat 

SO«k    (96) 

float 

mow 

tye 

breast 

boast 

brogue 

doc 

tyre 

quest 

roast 

rog?/e 

hoe 

tyke 

vest 

toast 

vogue 

foe 

o 

zest 

sport 

foam 

gross 

axe  (is*) 

feoff 

stone 

jolt 

svvoln 

have 

deaf 

roam 

volt 

oats 

plai-d  (55) 

dc&t   (131) 

floor 

door 

stroll 

swam 

get 

roar 

store 

flow 

gash 

whelp 

pour 

droll 

snow 

gnash 

mess 

goar 

/en  oil 

/cnorcn 

gnat  (!■») 

stress 

globe 

hoarse 

blown 

/cnaek  (i«)  pearl 

probe 

foal 

flown 

wrack 

wert 

grope 

goal 

soicn 

back 

hern 

mowlt  ao4)  bowl 

roan 

quack 

yearn 

poalt 

gourd 

due  (in) 

fcnag 

were 

mourn 

g/iost 

glue 

/cnap 

else 

told 

host 

blue 

gas 

erst 

shoal 

goad 

hue 

/enab 

friend 

<tole 

toad 

h'eu 

shalt 

herb 

79 


1              2 

3             4 

1               2 

3 

I               2 

tone,  not, 

nor,    move 

i, — tube,  sun,  Full, — rhyme,  systenr- 

2 

sperse 

2 

ship 

trode 

truck 

3 

sta/k 

swerve 

quip 

mosque 

strung 

ta/k 

tempt 

rinse 

strong 

young 

broad 

twelve 

sprig 

wrong 

sprung 

fraud 

realm 

whig 

yon 

swung 

gaude 

meant 

quick 

gone 

mumps 

laud 

speck 

stick 

frost 

gulf 

sward 

wreck 

twist 

prompt 

hunks 

ward 

egg 

whist 

solve 

dum6 

draw 

keg 

trick 

song 

num6 

law 

kne\\ 

build 

bluff 

lynx  (raj 

mauj 

when 

built 

stuff 

pyx 

gnaw 

wren 

brisk 

blush 

3 

raw 

helm 

frisk 

burg/i 

aice 

saw 

whelm 

squib 

flush 

au/n 

pshaw 

bring 

squill 

burse 

mvme 

straw 

fling 

squint 

gruff 

baid 

fault 

drill 

bliss 

snuft 

braid 

vault 

quill 

film 

plush 

bra?  en 

false 

skill 

wrist 

muff 

ball 

{xmighi 

still 

shrink 

puff 

flaw   (63i 

i  groat 

spill 

sieve 

furze 

aid 

ta  light 

trill 

split 

truss 

hawl 

wart 

shrill 

wist 

gulp 

maid 

vaimt 

stiff 

stock 

pulp 

stall 

pawn 

sniff 

dross 

shrub 

squall 

spawn 

sling 

gloss 

stud 

yaid 

yatcn 

sting 

fosse 

shrug 

ward 

swarm 

swing 

long 

shun 

bald 

qua/m 

limo 

grot 

struck 

draid 

dwarf 

grist 

knob 

shrunk 

ba/k 

wharf 

mist 

shock 

mulse 

gawk 

horse 

strip 

knock 

pulse 

nawk 

orts 

80 


1  2         3         4  i       a    •      i  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


3 

snort 

sord 

stork 

Lord 

shou/d 

wou/d 

4 

pa/m 

psalm 

ah 

baa 

halve 

salve 

starve 

dawnt 

rlawnt 

gaunt 

tawnt 

yaunt 

ha/f 

<rzar 

snarl 

^narl 

guard 

gape 

book 

look 

shook 

gloom 

groom 

whom 

tom& 

wom& 


whoop 
spoon 
swoon 
goose 
loose 
moose 
move 
prove 
)  groove 
ooze 
woimd 
iour 
shoot 
roost 
mood 
rood 
shoe 
spool 
soup 

oo 

brute 

fruit 

rule 

brew 

shrew 

yew 

prude 

rude 

prune 

pugh 

rue 

true 

jrrume 


gout 

sou.s 

rAcum 

you 

your 


3  3 

sour 

3   u 

bow 
brow 


prow 

blowze 

buoy  (iso)  owl 

,  3 3    ,      howl 
bound  (io3)         . 
erowJ 


found 

boud 

bough 

bout 

flout 

gout 

rout 

shout 

spout 

trout 

dou6t 

sprout 


prowl 

down 

town 

brown 

drown 

frown 

dowre  (25)  I 


freight 

trey 

whey 

3 

a 

bought 
brought 

fought 
ought 

sought 

i 
p. 

shire 
quay  (i»j 
piqwe 


32 

boil 
oil 
soil 
foil 


(99) 


drou#/tt   broil 


mount 

fount 

douse 

house 

mouse 

souse 

loud 

shroud 

plough 

sloiio-^ 

oust 
noun 


spoil 

join 

foist 

hoist 

joist 

moist 

void 
i 

a 

feign 
skein 
where 
eight 


firm 

girl 

girt 

kirk 

myrrA 

stirp 

said 

twirl 

whirl 

2 
i 

been 

yes 
i 

o 

sew 
shew 
ctre,P' 
tan 


SI 


1                2 

3             4 

1               2 

•i 

1               2 

tone,  not, 

nor,   move 

, — tube,   sun,    full, — 

rhyme,  system, 

2 

0 

swab  (48) 

2 

0 

wasp 

dirt 

2 
u 

some 

l 

u 

stew 

squab 

what 

dove 

shove 

slew 

swash 

want 

bird 

tong 

view 

squash(iai)yac/tt 

bom& 

2 
oou 

3 
u 

swan 

2      k 

front 

one 

wolf 

swamp 

hough 

glove 

i 

u 

wool 

wast 

\ough 

love 

few 

good 

wad 

shough 

monk 

grew 

hood 

wan 

2 
u 

none 

Amew 

stood 

wand 

first 

rhomb 

yewe 

3  e 

quash 

flirt 

stir 

lewd 

boy 

wash 

dirk 

shirt 

-9©e- 
TABLE  J 

pew 
[I. 

troy 

k    1 

k    V 

i 

k  2 

k2 

Claim  d32)  clean 

k     u 

clew 

k2 

cleft 

scoff 

clave 

screen 

crept 

clock 

clay 

cream 

calx  (172) 

crest 

crock 

crave 

scream 

cramp 

cress 

crush 

craze 

creep 

clamp 

sect 

scum 

cage  (wo 

i  cleave 

clash 

click 

cuff 

scale 

crease 

craft 

crick 

scrub 

ache 

crime 

clang 

cliff 

scud 

crane 

coke 

crank 

clift 

curve 

crape 

score 

clank 

cling 

cusp 

scrape 

scold 

clack 

clink 

mulct 

scare 

cloak 

clash 

crimp 

sculk 

scarced32)coat 

class 

crisp 

scurf 

scape 

com6 

crash 

zinc 

k  3 

scribe 

cone 

scalp 

scot 

cork 

clear 

scroll 

scan 

cross 

corn 

creed 

cAyle  (224)  tract 

cost 

corpse 

82 


blade,  man,  hall, 


4  J 

tar, — me, 


2  1 

bed, — time, 


bid,— 


k  3 

scorn 

k  4 

ca/f 

k    33 

dough 

k     o  o 

crook 

k2     s 

catch 

could 
ca/k 

carve 
scar 

3 
3  u 

clown 

scoop 
cool 

scotch 
crotch 

cawl 

scarf 

cow 

school 

sconce 

caught 
scald 

4 

k  a 

clerk 

scowl 
cowl 

Coop 
croup 

crutch 
clutch 

scra.".l 

k    3      z 

clause 

k  4 

ca/m 

k    3  3 

cloud 
count 
scour 

crowd 

k    oo 

crude  (47) 
crew 

k  32 

coif 
coin 
coil 

k    a    a 

2 
k    i 

clef 

k2      gk 

conch 

k    3  e 

calve 

scout 

screw 

scratch 

cloy 

TABLE  III. 


1   s 

Ace    (132) 

brace 

cezl 

cease 

f/erce 

fleece 

grace 

space 

trace 

n/ece 

p/ecc 

p/ercc 

ice 

price 

spice 

splice 

rice 


1 1 

cite 

ju/ce 

slice 

twice 

vice 

so?*rce 

2      s 

lance 

trance 

batch 

snatch 

fence 

pence 

hence 

bench 

wench 

whence 


2    s 

letch 

ketch 

wrench 

drench 

French 

stench 

sketch 

stretch 

wretch 

etch 

belch 

cist 

cit 

ditch 

\\  itch 

hitch 

pitch 


2  a 

itch 

switch 

filch 

finch 

pinch 

inch 

flinch 

mince 

since 

wince 

prince 

botch 

dunce 

bunch 

munch 

hunch 

punch 


launch 
stanch 
France 

3         9 

sawce 

3  3      s 

bounce 

flounce 

ounce 

pounce 

trounce 

sowce 

32  s 

voice 

00  8 

truce 
spruce 

o 
Oou       s 

once 


83 


1              2 

3            4 

1              2 

3 

1               2 

tone,  not, 

nor,  move 

, — tube,  sur 

i,    full, — rhyme,  system. 

TABLE  IV. 

tsh     1  < 

1    tsh 

2     tsh 

tsh   2 

tsh      4 

Cham 

screech 

branch 

chum 

choose 

chaste 

speech 

chance 

churn  4 

ts&  3  3 

chouse 
pouch 
slouch 
vouch 

chair 

teach 

chant 

churl 

change 

each 

chat 

church 

chape 

reach 

check 

chuck 

chase 

bleach 

chest 

tsh  3 

cha/k 
chaw 
torch 

tsh  4 

tsh    oo 

chief 

cheer 

chin 

chew  (84) 

cheek 

chide 

chit 

o 
tshe 

cheat 

chine 

chink 

chirp 

cheap 

child 

chints 

charm 

2 
tsh  o 

cheer 

chime 

chick 

chart 

chap 

leech 

broach 

chill 

chark 

chaps 

peach 

poach 

niche 

charge 

o 

a    tsh 

preach 

roach 

rich 

—BOO- 
TABLE ^ 

starch 

7. 

birch 

1    z 

lr, 

2z 

3  3z 

00        z 

Praise  (irajhose 

spasm 

mouse 

bruise 

raise 

fuse 

is 

spouse 

lose 

haise 

muse 

his 

rouse 

e     v. 

eaves 

use 

prism 

touse 

says 

ease 
lees 

tsh     1 

cheese 
chose 

schism 

4         z 

alms 

drowse 

00    zh 

rouge 

o 
u    z 

does 

2 

please 

2z 

3  3z 

O  0  z 

o  z 

guise 

aS      (360) 

bouse 

noose 

was 

rise 

has 

house  (lei)  cruise 

wasp 

— Q)QO— 

TABLE  VI. 

Gaol 

i    j 
mange 

i  j 
wage 

badge 

2      j 

sedge 

gawge  ci39)  range 

stage 

hedge 

wedge 

grange 

strange 

forge 

ledge 

serge 

84 


J 

2           3 

4                1 

2             1 

2 

blade,  man,  hall 

,  tar, — me, 

bed, — time, 

bid,— 

2     j 

verge 

2    j 

bilge 

2     j 

ridge 

2  j 
bulge 

4     j 

barge 

edge 

hinge 

dodge 

urge 

large 

dredge 
pledge 

singe 
twinge 

lodge 
bodge 

purge 
drudge 

3     j 

gorge  (139) 

33   j 

sledge 

tinge 

budge 

trudge 

gouge  (139) 

venge 

fringe 

judge 

grudge 

lounge 

£erm 

midge 

gurge  (139;  scourge 

o  o  j 

gill 

bridge 

surge 

plunge 

bouge 

TABLE  VII. 

f  i 
Sphere 

2        f 

drsMght 

2     f 

rough 

2         I 

trough 

4       f 

lawgh 

phleme 

phlegm 

tough  (180)  lymph 

3v 

phrase(i57)phiz 

coagh 

nymph 

Of      (138) 

— ^Q!©— 

i 

TABLE  VIII. 

i 
Faith  (183)  gro?i'th 

thread 

fifth 

3 

thwart 

t.hz'ef 

youth 

health 

filth 

swarth 

thieve 

2 

stealth 

plinth 

warmth 

heath 

thrash 

length 

width 

north 

sheath 

thwack 

strength 

i  froth 

oo 

ruth 
truth 
tooth 
sooth 

3 

three 

thank 

threat 

thong 

theme 

hath 

twelfth 

broth 

teeth 

wrath 

wealth 

throb 

wreath 

thatch 

think 

troth 

thrice 

theft 

thick 

thrust 

3  u 

thowl 

month 

thrive 

earth 

frith 

thump 

ninth 

dearth 

smith 

thrush 

1  1  !  '  '  *  1  <  1  1 

south 

loath 

breath 

thill 

thumo 

oath 

death 

thing 

thrum 

3 
a  w 

both 

tenth 

withe 

3 

tliou^/tt 

throat 

depth 

thrift 

thrall 

wroughi 

oo 

~  2  3  4  1  2  3-  1  2  *  ' 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


doth 

third 

month 

thirst 

worth 


birth 
girth 
mirth 

k  oo  u 

quoth 


bathe*     clothe 
bre«the    loathe 
sheathe   ihovgh 
these  (184)      o 
those       thence 

smooth 

sooth 
i 

a 

there 
they 

— e©^— 

TABLE  I. 

*■ 

Words  from  the  following 

i 

A  mi  a  ble,  lovely,  pleasing. 

Boast  ed,  exalted. 

Breathes,  draws  in,  and 
throws  out  the  air  by  the 
lungs. 

Bright  est,  most  shining ; 
most  illustrious. 

Ca  pa  ble,  qualified  for  ;  in- 
telligent. 

Care  less,  negligent  ;  icith- 
out  solicitude. 

Cheer  ful  ness,  freedom 
from  gloominess. 

Fca  ture,  (167)  cast  or  make 
of  the  face. 

Hu  mour,  general  temper  of 
mind. 

hight  ning,  the  flash  that 
appears  with  thunder. 

Mo  ment,  consequence. 

Pe  ri  od,  time  in  which  any 
thing  is  performed. 

Pre  vi  ous,  antecedent;  go- 
ing before. 

Pray  er,  petition  to  Heaven. 

Scarce  ly,  hardly ;  with  dif- 
ficulty. 

*  Th,  in  all  the  following  words  of  this  table  is  soft ; 
like  the  th  in  bathe. 
H 


reading  lessons,  defined. 

l 
Sci  enct,  hwivledge. 
Se  ri  ous,  grave,  solemn. 
Sloth,  laziness,  idleness. 
Tri  umphs,  joy  for  success; 

conquest. 
Tide,  alternate  ebb  and  flow 

of  the  sea  ;  stream. 
Ve  hi  c\c,  that  in  which  any 

thing  is  carried. 

l 

a 

'Weight,  importance  ;  gra- 
vity. 

Ad  e  quate,  equal  to. 

Ar  ro  gance,  the  art  of  tal- 
king much  upon  one's  self 

Ar  ro  gant,  haughty,  proud. 

Bios  soms,  flowers  that  grow 
on  plants. 

Bur  den,  a  load ;  something 
grievous. 

Cap  ti  vate,  to  charm. 

Char  ac  ter,  a  representa- 
tion of  any  man,as  to  his 
personal  qualities. 

Con   fi    dence,      trust      in 


86 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,    bid, — 


the  goodness  of  another, 

a 

Con  stan  cy,  steadiness. 

Cur  rent,  a  running  stream. 

Con  quer,  to  get  the  vic- 
tory. 

Con  se  quence,  effect  of  a 
cause. 

Crit  i  cal,  exact,  accurate. 

Daz  zled,  overpowered  with 
brightness. 

Dis  ci  pline,  instruction. 

El  o  quence,  the  power  of 
speaking  with  fluency  and 
elegance. 

Em  i  nence,  exaltation  ;  re- 
putation. 

En  er  gies,  poiaer  ;  vigour. 

Fash  ion,  form  of  any  thing 
with  regard  to  appear- 
ance. 

Fac  ul  ty,  a  power  of  the 
mind ;  ability. 

Flour  ish  nig,  vigorous ; 
jjrosperous. 

Gid  di  ness,  the  state  of  be- 
ing giddy. 

Grad  u  al  ly,  by  degrees  ; 
in  regular  progression. 

Ileav  r  ness,  dejection  of 
mind. 

Tle^  i  tatc,  ta$ausc  ;  to  de- 
lay. 

In  fa  my,  publick  reproach. 

In  flu  en  ces,  acting  upon 
with  impulsive  power. 

Impulse,  communicate  force; 
motive. 

Judg  ment,  the  poioer  of 
judging. 

Lev  i  ty,  lightness;  vanity. 


Lib  er  al,  generous  ;  not 
mean. 

Lus  tre,  (25)  brightness. 

Mix  turc,  (167)  a  body  of 
mingled  ingredients. 

Mai  ice,  deliberate  mischief ; 
desire  of  h  urting. 

Mis  er  y,  tvretchedness. 

Mus  cle,  the  fibrous  parts  of 
an  animal  body. 

Mem  or  y,  the  power  of  re- 
taining or  recollecting 
things  past. 

Nerves,  organs  of  sensation 
passing  from  the  brain  to 
all  parts  of  the  body. 

Nee  es  sar  y,  needful ;  in- 
dispensable,  requisite. 

Prin  ci  pal,  chief. 

Pros  per  ous,  successful. 

Prov  i  dence,  divine  super- 
intendence. 

Pon  der,  to  consider. 

Pitch,  degree  of  elevation. 

Prej  u  die  es,  jjreposses- 
sions. 

Quick  ens,  excites  ;  makes 
alive. 

Req  ui  site,  needful,  neces- 
sary. 

Reg  u  late,  to  adjust  by 
rule ;  to  direct. 

Reck  on,  esteem,  account. 

Search  es,  examines,  ex- 
plores. 

Sol  o  mon,  the  narne  of  a 
man. 

Sol  emra,  religiously  grave. 

Sen  ti  ments,  opinions  ;  no- 
tions. 

Tern   per   ing,  mixing,   sq 


87 

, . , =*/ 

12  3  4  12  3  12 

lone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


that  one  shall  qualify  the 
other. 

2 

Tes  ti  fy,  to  witness  ;  to 
give  evidence. 

Trust  ing,  confiding  in. 

Tal  ents,  faculties  ;  poicers 
of  the  mind. 

Val  u  a  b\e, precious;  ivorthy. 

Van  i  ty,  empty  pleasures. 

Veg  e  ta  ble,  having  the  na- 
ture of  plants. 

Vig  our,  mental  force  ; 
strength. 

Vig  or  ous,  forcible  ;  full 
of  strength. 

2   tsh 

Ac  tu  a  ted, put  into  action. 
Vir  tu  ous,  morally  good. 

i  z  e 

Bus  y,    (46)    employed  with 

earnestness. 
Bus*  ness,  employment. 

tsh 

Chan  nel,  the  hollow  bed  of 

running  ivatcrs. 
Chance,  happen. 

2 

u  u 

Com  fort,  support ;  consola- 
tion. 

z  z 

Mis  er  a  ble,  wretched,  un- 
happy. 

2    sh 

Is  sue,  consequence  ;  termi- 
nation. 

Pas  szons,  violent  commotion 
of  the  mind ;  ardour. 

Vi  cioxxs,  devoted  to  vice. 
2    g 

Tran"  quil,  quiet ;  peaceful. 
a         u 

A«  thor,  he  that  produces 
any  thing. 


For   frit,    alienated    by    a 

crime. 
Or  gans,  natural  or  musical 

instruments. 
Or  phan,   a  child  who  has 

lost  father  or  mother. 

4 

Ar  dour,  heat  of  affection. 

Ar  gu  ment,  reasons  al- 
leged for,  or  against  any 
thing. 

Spark  led,  shincd  ;  glitter- 
ed, 

33 

Coun  sel  lor,  one  that  gives 
advice. 

l 

Ap  pear  ance,  the  thing 
seen ;  semblance. 

Ac  quire  ment,  gain  ;  at- 
tainment. 

At  tazn,  to  gain  ;  to  pro- 
cure. 

Af  fa*rs,  business. 

A  wait,  attend. 

A  muse  ment,  entertain- 
ment. 

At  tun  ed,  made  musical. 

De  base,  to  sink  into  mean" 
ness. 

De  ci  sive,  having  wte  pow- 
er of  determining  op  set- 
tling. _ , 

Di  vine,  partaking  thefjia' 
ture  of  God. 

De  creed,  appointed  by 
edict. 

Dis  grace,  shame  ;  dishon- 
our. 

E  scape,  to  avoid. 

E  mo  tions,  disturbances  of 
mind. 


83 


l  2  3  4  1       %  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


In  spires,  infuses  into  the 
mind. 

In  va  ri  a  ble,  unchangeable. 

Per  ce/ve,  to  observe  ;  to 
know. 

Pro  cures,  obtains  ;  ac- 
quires. 

Re  deem  er,  our  Saviour. 

Un  ea  si  ness,  perplexity ; 
state  of  disquiet. 

Vex  a  tion,  the  state  of  be- 
ing troubled. 

eh 

As   su   red,    certain  ;    not 

doubting. 
En  sure,  (i65>  to  secure. 

i    y 
Be  ha  viour,  conduct. 

o 

At  trac  tions,  tike  power  of 
alluring  or  enticing. 

Ad  van  ta  ges,  profits,  su- 
periority. 

Ad  dres  sing,  speaking  to 
another. 

A.s  sem  bly,  company  met 
together. 

Af  fee  tions,  passions  of  any 
kind. 

At  ten  tiAis,  act  of  attend- 
ing. 

Ac  cept  ancf,  reception  with 
approbation. 

Af  rlict  ed,  put  to  pain  ; 
tormented. 

Ac  com  plish  ed,  elegant ; 
complete  in  some  qualifi- 
cation. 

As  sist  ance,  help. 

Ac  com  plish  ment?,  orna- 
ments of  mind 


Au  gust  ness,  dignity ;  ele- 
vation of  look* 

Com  mit  ted,  perpetrated ; 
given  in  trust. 

Con  trib  utes,  gives. 

Con  tin  ue,  protract  without 
interruption. 

Con  tem^  ti  h\e,  worthy 
contempt. 

Di  ver  si  ty,  difference. 

De  ter  mint,  to  fix  ;  to  set- 
tle. 

Dc  pen  dencc,  state  of  be- 
ing subject ;  reliance. 

Dis  tine  tion,  by  which  one 
differs  from  another. 

De  struc  tion,  the  act  of 
destroying. 

De  mos  the  nese,  an  Athe- 
nian or  (dor. 

En  deov  our*,  labours  di- 
rected to  some  certain 
end. 

E  lee  tri  cal,  attractive 
without  magnetism. 

E  ter  ni  ty,  duration  with- 
out end. 

E  stab  lish  ed,  settled  ffrm- 
ly. 

Es  sen  tial,  necessary. 

Fe  lie  i  ty,  happiness. 

Im  ag  ine,  to  fancy. 

In  ten  tions,  designs  ;  pur- 
poses. 

In  volvc,  inwrap  ;  entan- 
gle. 

Ii  lus  tri  ous,  C07ispicuous ; 
noble . 

Oc  cur,  appear,,  here  a&rf- 
there. 


89 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


Pro  tec  tion,  shelter  from 
evil. 

Pre  oc  cu  pi  ed,  occupied 
by  anticipation. 

Pro  due  lions,  fruits  ;  pro- 
ducts. 

Pre  serve,  to  save  ;  to  keep. 

Re  solve,  determine. 

Re  spect  a  b\e,  deserving  of 
respect. 

Re  verse,  to  turn  back;  to 
repeal. 

Re  mem  ber,  to  recollect ; 
keep  in  mind. 

Re  flee  tion,  the  action  of 
the  mind  upon  itself. 

So  lie  it,  to  implore ;  to  ask. 

Sue  cess,  the  termination  of 
any  affair,  happy  or  un- 
happy. 

Sue  cess  ful  ly,  prosper- 
ously. 

Sug  gest  ed,  hinted;  inti- 
mated. 

Vi  vac  i  ty,  sprightliness. 

2      yu 

Do  min  ion,  unlimited  pow- 
er ;  reign. 

2         2 

Dis  Aon  our  a  b\e,  shame- 
ful;  reproachful. 
Dis  as  ter,  misfortune. 

3u 

En  dovv  merits,  acquisitions 
of  the  mind;  gifts  of  na- 
ture. 

3e 

Em  ploy  ment,  business. 

32 

En  join  ed,  directed  ;  or- 
dered. 

h2 


Ex  ert  ed,  used  with  an  ef- 
fort. 

i 

a         2 

Where  on,  on  which. 

2  sh 

Per  ni  cious,  (134)  destruc- 
tive. 

Trans  gres  sions,  offences  ; 
crimes. 

Pro  fes  sion,  calling  ;  voca- 
tion. 

Sue  ces  sion,  the  order  of 
one  thing  following  ano- 
ther. 

Pre  sump  tu  ous,  arrogant  ; 
confident. 

3 

Ac  cord,  concurrence. 

Pre    ca.u   tion,     preventive 

measure. 
Im  por  tance,  consequence ; 

moment. 

4 

De  part  ments,  separate  al- 
lotments. 

l 

Ad  mi  ra  tion,  wonder. 

Av  o  ca  tion,  business ;  call- 
ing. 

Cul  ti  va  tion,  improvement ; 
melioration. 

In  stan  ta  ne  ous  ly,  an  in- 
divisible point  of  time. 

Ir  re  trie  va  ble,  not  to  be 
repaired. 

Prep  a  ra  tion,  the  act  of 
preparing  or  making 
ready. 

Rep  u  ta  tion,  credit  ;  ho- 
nour. 

Su  per  se  ded,   set  aside  ; 


90 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


:! 


made    void    by    superior      Dis  em   bar  ras   sed,   free 


uowcr.  fi- 


om  perph  xity^ 


-x?\           .■         /•         ,•  /-Or  na  men  taJ,   giving  cm- 
Ed  u  ca  tion,  forma t ion  of          ,   ,,-  i        *  '  °        fe 
.  *••'      , ,  J            ot  \luslnnent. 
manner.-;  in  youth.  ,T                  ,    (:    .      ,. 

2       y  U  ni  ver  sal,    extending    fo 

Ad  mo  ni  tions,   counsels  ;  a^> tlie  whole. 

gentle  reproofs.  3e 

Ac  qui  si  tion,  acquirement.  Un  em  ploy  ed,    idle  ;  not 

Dis  po  si   tion,    temper    of  engaged. 

mind;  (nudities  of  mind.  \ 

in  dis  crc  tion,  imprudence  ;  Im  ag  i  na  Hon,  fancy  ;  im- 

rashness.  age  in  the  mind. 

THE  PERFECT  SPEAKER. 

1.  Imagine  to  yourselves  a  Demosthenes,  ad- 
dressing the  most  illustrious  assembly  in  the  world, 
upon  a  point,  whereon  the  fate  of  the  most  illustri- 
ous of  nations  depended. — How  awful  such  a  meet- 
ing !  how  vast  the  subject  !  Is  man  possessed  of 
Talents  adequate  to  the  great  occasion  ?  Adequate 
— yes,  superior. 

2.  By  the  power  of  his  eloquence,  the  august- 
ness  of  the  assembly  is  lost,  in  the  dignity  of  the 
orator ;  and  the  importance  of  the  subject,  for 
n  while,  superseded,  by  the  admiration  of  his 
talents. 

o.  With  what  strength  of  argument,  with  wha: 
powers  of  the  fancy,  with  what  emotions  of  the 
heart,  does  he  assault  and  subjugate  the  whole  man, 
and  at  once,  captivate  his  reason,  his  imagination, 
and  his  passions ! — To  effect  this,  must  be  tiie  ut- 
most effort  of  the  most  improved  state  of  human 
nature. 

•1.  Not  a  faculty  that  he  possesses,  is  here  unem- 
ployed :  not  a  faculty  that  he  possesses,  but  is  here 
exerted  to  its  highest  pitch.  All  his  internal  pow- 
ers are  at  work:  all  his  external  testify  their  ener- 
gies. Within,  Uie  memory,  the  fancy,  the  judgment, 
'he  passions  are  all  busy  :  without,  every  muscle 


91 


e\et)  nerve,  is  exerted;  not  a  feature,  not  a  limb, 
but  speaks. 

5.  The  organs  of  the  body  attuned  to  the  exer- 
tions of  the  mind,  through  the  kindred  organs 
the  hearers,  instantaneously,  and,  as  it  were,  with 
an  electrical  spirit, vibrate  those  energies  from  soul 
to  soul. 

G.  Notwithstanding  the  diversity  of  minds  in  such 
a  multitude,  by  the  lightning  of  eloquence,  they 
are  melted  into  one  mass — the  whole  assembly  ac- 
tuated in  one  and  the  same  way,  become  as  it  were, 
but  one  man,  and  have  but  one  voice.  The  uni- 
versal cry  is — Let  us  march  against  Philip — let 

CS  FIGHT  FOR  OUR  LIBERTIES LET  US    CONQUER OR 

DIE. 

AN  ADDRESS  TO  YOUNG  PERSONS. 

1.  I  intend  in  this  address,  to  show  you  the  im- 
portance of  beginning  early  to  give  serious  atten- 
tion to  your  conduct.  As  soon  as  you  are  capable 
of  reflection,  you  must  perceive  that  there  is  a  right 
and  a  wrong,  in  human  actions.  You  see,  that 
those  who  are  born  with  the  same  advantages  of 
fortune,  are  not  all  equally  prosperous  in  the  course 
of  life. 

2.  While  some  of  them,  by  wise  and  steady  con- 
duct, attain  distinction  in  the  world,  and  pass  their 
days  with  comfort  and  honour;  others,  of  the  Same 
rank,  by  mean  and  vicious  behaviour,  forfeit  the  ad- 
vantages of  their  birth  ;  involve  themselves  in  much 
misery  ;  and  end  in  being  a  disgrace  to  their  friends, 
and  a  burden  on  society. 

3.  Early,  then,  may  you  learn,  that  it  is  not  on 
the  external  condition  in  which  you  find  yourselves 
placed,  but  on  the  part,which  you  are  to  act,  that 
your  welfare  or  unhappiness,  your  honour  or  infamy, 
depends.  Now,  when  beginning  to  act  that  part, 
what  can  be  of  greater  moment,  than  to  regulate 
your  plan  of  conduct  with  the  most  serious  atten- 
tion, before  you  have  yet  committed  any  fatal  or 
irretrievable  errors  ? 


92 

4.  Whatever  be  your  rank,  Providence  will  not, 
for  your  sake,  reverse  its  established  order.  The 
Author  of  your  being  hath  enjoined  you  to  "  take 
heed  to  your  ways ;  to  ponder  the  paths  of  your 
feet ;  to  remember  your  Creator  in  the  days  of  your 
youth."  He  hath  decreed,  that  they  only  "  who 
seek  after  wisdom,  shall  find  it ;  that  fools  shall  be 
afflicted,  because  of  their  transgressions  ;  and  that 
whoever  re  fuse  th  instruction,  shall  destroy  his  own 
soul." 

5.  By  listening  to  these  admonitions,  and  temper- 
inn;  the  vivacity  of  youth  with  a  proper  mixture  of 
serious  thought,  you  may  ensure  cheerfulness  for 
the  rest  of  life  ;  but  by  delivering  yourselves  up  at 
present  to  giddiness  and  levity,  you  lay  the  founda- 
tion of  lasting  heaviness  of  heart. 

6.  When  you  look  forward  to  those  plans  of  life, 
which  either  your  circumstances  have  suggested,  or 
your  friends  have  proposed,  you  will  not  hesitate  to 
acknowledge,  that  in  order  to  pursue  them  with  ad- 
vantage, some  previous  discipline  is  requisite.  Be 
assured,  that  whatever  is  to  be  your  profession,  no 
education  is  more  necessary  to  your  success,  than 
the  acquirement  of  virtuous  dispositions  and  habits. 
This  is  the  universal  preparation  for  every  charac- 
ter, and  every  station  in  life. 

7.  Bad  as  the  world  is,  respect  is  always  paid  to 
virtue.  In  the  usual  course  of  human  affairs,  it  will 
be  found,  that  a  plain  understanding,  joined  with 
acknowledged  worth,  contributes  more  to  prosperity, 
than  the  brightest  parts  without  probity  or  honour. 

8.  Whether  science  or  business,  or  publick  life, 
be  your  aim,  virtue  still  enters,  for  a  principal  share 
into  all  these  great  departments  of  society.  It  is 
connected  with  eminence,  in  every  liberal  art ;  with 
reputation,  in  every  branch  of  fair  and  useful  busi- 
ness;  with  distinction,  in  every  publick  station. 

9.  The  vigour  which  it  gives  the  mind,  and  the 
Weight  which  it  adds  to  character  •  the  generous 
sentiments  which  it  breathes  ;  the  undaunte  I  c  pirit 
which  it  inspires;  the  ardour  of  diligence  which  it 


93 

quickens  ;  the  freedom  which  it  procures  from  per- 
nicious and  dishonourable  avocations  ;  are  the  foun- 
dations of  all  that  is  highly  honourable,  or  greatly 
successful  among  men. 

10.  Let  not  then  the  season  of  youth  be  barren 
of  improvements,  so  essential  to  your  future  felicity 
and  honour.  Now  is  the  seed  time  of  life  ;  and  ac- 
cording to  "  what  you  sow,  you  shall  reap." 

11.  Your  character  is  now,  under  Divine  assist- 
ance, of  your  own  forming  :  your  fate  is,  in  some 
measure,  put  into  your  own  hands.  Your  nature  is 
as  yet  pliant  and  soft.  Habits  have  not  established 
their  dominion.  Prejudices  have  not  preoccupied 
your  understanding.  The  world  has  not  had  time 
to  contract  and  debase  your  affections. 

12.  All  your  powers  are  more  vigorous,  disem- 
barrassed, and  free,  than  they  will  be  at  any  future 
period.  Whatever  impulse  you  now  give  to  your 
desires  and  passions,  the  direction  is  likely  to  con-^ 
tinue.  It  will  form  the  channel  in  which  your  life 
is  to  run ;  nay,  it  may  determine  its  everlasting  is- 
sue. 

13.  Consider  then  the  employment  of  this  im- 
portant period,  as  the  highest  trust  which  shall  ever 
be  committed  to  you  ;  as  in  a  great  measure,  deci- 
sive of  your  happiness,  in  time,  and  in  eternity. 

14.  As  in  the  succession  of  the  seasons,  each,  by 
the  invariable  laws  of  nature,  affects  the  produc- 
tions of  what  is  next  in  course  ;  so,  in  human  life, 
every  period  of  our  age,  according  as  it  is  well  or 
ill  spent,  influences  the  happiness  of  that,  which  is 
to  follow. 

15.  Virtuous  youth  gradually  brings  forward  ac- 
complished and  flourishing  manhood  ;  and  such 
manhood  passes  of  itself,  without  uneasiness,  into 
respectable  and  tranquil  old  age. 

16.  But  when  nature  is  turned  out  of  its  regular 
course,  disorder  takes  place  in  the  moral,  just  as  in 
the  vegetable  world.  If  the  spring  put  forth  no 
blossoms,  in  summer,  there  will  be  no  beauty,  and 
in  autumn,  no  fruit :  so,  if  youth  be  trifled  away 


§4- 


without  improvement,  manhood  will  probably  be 
contemptible,  and  old  age  miserable.  If  the  be- 
ginnings of  life  have  been  "  vanity,"  its  latter  end 
can  scarcely  be  any  other  than  "  vexation  of  spirit." 
17.  Correct,  then,  this  ill-founded  arrogance. 
Expect  not,  that  your  happiness  can  be  independent 
of  Him,  who  made  youth.  By  piety  and  prayer, 
seek  the  protection  of  the  God  of  heaven.  I  con- 
clude with  the  solemn  words,  in  which  a  great 
prince  delivered  his  dying  charge  to  his  son  ;  words 
which  every  young  person  ought  to  consider  as  ad- 
dressed to  himself,  and  to  engrave  deeply  on  his 
heart  :  "  Solomon,  my  son,  know  thou  the  God  of 
thy  fathers  ;  and  serve  him  with  a  perfect  heart, 
and  with  a  willing  mind.  For  the  Lord  searches 
all  hearts,  and  understandeth  all  the  imaginations 
of  the  thoughts.  If  thou  seek  him,  he  will  be  found 
of  thee  ;  but  if  thou  forsake  him,  he  will  cast  thee 
off  for  ever."  Blair. 


\  qua      (i5i) 
air  y 

bane  wort  po) 
be«st  ly 
hea  con 
bea  ker 
bea  rer 
hea  vcr 
beau  ty 
hea  ten 
beet  rave 
be  zoar 
hoat  swam 
how  sprit 
brief  ly 


— ^&— 

TABLE  IX. 

i 
brigh  ten 
bra/n  pan 
bwy  er     ("9) 
clear  ly 
coul  ter 
clear  ance 
da/  ly 
da/n  ty 
dm  ry 
dea  con 
drea  ry 
fear  eth 
fore  sigh? 
frail  ty 
high  ten 


fiigh  ty 

fro  zen     <n) 
fiTio  mon 
need  eth 
high  way 
hoa  ry 
\mst  en     (no) 
jai  ler 
juz  cy 

knight  hood 
la  bour 
lea  der 
may  or 
ma/  den 
migh  ty 


95 


1               2           3 

4                 12 

3                 12 

tone,  not,  nor, 

move, — tube,   sun, 

full, — rhyme,  system 

i 

moid  dy 

l 

traz  tor 

2 

crit  iek 

naz  ler 

tre«  ty 

dac  tyle 

nw  sance 

trea  son 

dam  son 

o«t  me«l 

to  ken 

debt  or     (isi) 

puis  ne 

twi  lig7ite 

diph  thong  (i8S) 

pi  ous 

wai  ter 

doub  le 

peo  pie 

we«  sel 

dwell  eth 

pray  er 

we«  ry 

er  rour 

poul  try 

weak  ly 

emp  ty 

pou\  tice 

wield  ly 

en  trance 

prais  eth 

wheel  wright6 

en  sign6 

priest  hood 

yeo  man 

eth  icks 

quo  rum 

2 

en  trails 

ram  bow 

ast/t  ma 

far  row 

ra  ven 

ber  yl 

fash  ion 

rea  der 

bed  stead 

fes  cue 

rea  son 

bid  den     (137) 

fol  low 

sa?'  lor 

blaek  moor0 

fore  head 

sa  vest 

bis  cwit 

for  eign     (Mi) 

sea  son 

bwild  er 

fur  \ough 

sligh  ty 

bor  row 

hack  ney 

so  journ 

brick  kiln  a«) 

hal  low 

spright  ly 

bur  den 

ham  let 

sow  est 

bur  lesqwe 

he/f  er 

sto  len 

but  tress  &n 

heav  y 

spea  kest 

cap  tain 

heav  en 

sm  test 

cal  ice 

hid  den 

sui  tor 

cal  lous 

/ton  est     (142) 

showl  der 

clam  our 

hon  our 

ta  ken 

clean  ly 

Aost  ler 

tad  lor 

col  umn 

jeal  ous 

toast  er 

cous  in 

lyr  ick 

to  wards  m 

courte  sy 

isth  mus 

96 


1  3 

blade,  man, 


hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


jour  ney 

sub  tile 

jour  nal 

soft  en 

kit  ten 

sol  der 

/iiiuc  kle 

sol  em?i 

A;nap  sack 

seep  tre     ( 

le«v  en 

seep  tiek 

lead  en 

tern/rt  er 

liq  uid 

tur  key 

laek  ey 

troub  le 

liq  uor 

up  rio-/tte 

miz  zen 

val  our 

mar  row 

viet  uah 

mead  ow 

vem  son  a 

nar  row 

wealth  y 

oft  en 

win  nest 

pleas  ant 

wrap  per  t 

pal  ate 

wrin  kle 

peas  ant 

writ  ten 

prel  ate 

wrist  band 

ris  en 

weap  on 

rel  icks 

zeal  ous 

sa/m  on 

2       s 

scis  sors 

bus  tie 

seam  stress 

bris  tie 

seven  night 

cas  tie 

sen  ate 

fas  ten 

shal  low 

gris  tie 

shep  Aerd 

glis  ten 

spread  est 

jos  tie 

.smit  ten 

lis  ten 

splen  dour 

pes  tie 

ste«d  y 

rus  tie 

r25) 


this  tie 
wres  tie 

2  u 

an  swer 
ban  noek 
bel  lows 
gal  lows 
giz  zard 
zeal  ot 

2  i 

doq  wet 
fer  rule 
let  tuce 
min  ute 

2  o 

flam  beau  (120) 

2  h 
cats  up 

2  ne 

gun  wale    (so> 

2         k 

bank  qaet 

ban  qwette 

2 

vign  yette 
2 

a 

sir  rah  om 

2 

o 

bur  y  (46) 
birth  dom 
cir  cwit 
fir  kin 
man  y   (893 
wain  scot 
waist  coat 


97 


1234  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


cup  board 

i  « 

pret  ty  <m 
bus  y 

wo  men 


bor  ough  09) 
col  our 
doz  en 
hon  ey 
mon  ey 
ov  en 
thor  ough 

ur 

co/o  nel 

3 

al  dern 
mi  burne 
mis  trine 
mi  tumn 
mi  thor 
mis  pice 
ba?o  ble 
bull  head 
faw  cet 
fawl  ty 
fort  nigftt 
haw,g7i  ty 
ha/s  er  (12) 
mor  row 
nmigh  ty 
/?sal  ter  (wo) 
qwad  rant 


saw  yer 
saw  cy 
smi  cer 
slawg/i  ter 
sqwad  ron 
swar  thy 
thral  dom 
tawn  y 

3  j    8 

bull  ace 

3 
o 

quar  ter 

4 

a/m  onds 
bra  vo 
heark  en 
har  bour 
jawn  dice 
pars  ley 
sar  casm 

4 
a 

ser  geant  (26) 

3  3 

boun  ty 
clou  dy 
coun  ty 
coun  ter 
dough  ty 
moun  tain 
scoun  drel 

3 

3  u 

blow  zy  (iog) 
bow  er 
bow  els 


3  u 

crown  est 
crown  post 
crown  worksi39> 
clow  er 
dow  dy 
dow  las 
down  cast 
down  fal 
down  hill 
down  right* 
down  wards  (») 
drow  sy 
flow  er 

32 

boil  er 
boil  eth 
clois  ter  (99) 
join  eth 
join  der 
join  er 
joint  er 
joint  ly 
point  er 
toil  et 

3e 

joy  ful 
joy  ance 
joy  less 
joy  ous 
loi  ter 
noi  sy  (1575 
noise  ful 
noi  some  (39) 


98 


i            2 

3          4               12 

1              2 

blade,  man, 

hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,   bid, — 

3  e 

oys  ter 
poi  trel 

l 

o 

hau£  boy  (62) 
beau  isli 

00 

bru  tal 
brew  is 

poi  son 

shew  bread 

brew  er 

polg-  nant 

1               0 

bou  sy 

voy  age 

bu  reau  (ia» 

crui  ser  (isr) 

32e 

i 

u 

cou  nere 

buoy  ant 

new  ly 

jew  el 

i 

a 

pew  ter 
jew  el 

ou  sel 

neigh  bour 

r/m  barb   <») 

hei  nous 

skew  er 

rue  ful 

Aeir  ess 

sew  er 

rul  er 

where  fore 

v/ew  er 
TABLE  X. 

rude  ly 

1 

Ac  quire 

1 

be  nign 

i 
de  ccit 

a  dieu 

be  gwjlo 

de  crease 

af  fair 

be  s/ege 

de  light 

af  (right 

be  low; 

de  mesne 

a  bight 

be  mused 

de  sign 

a  lig/it 

be  screen 

dis  co?4lrse 

a  right 

be  smear 

dis  may 

ar  r/ere 

be  stow 

dis  own 

ar  ra/o-n 

bo  he  a 

en  dear 

as  sio-n 

con  si  «n 

en  treat 

as  tray 

com  pi  am 

e  squire  cisij 

a  vail 

can  azlle 

in  crease 

a  way 

cam  piiign 

in  diet 

a  wry 

con  dign 

im  bue 

be  h'eve 

con  cezt 

im  pair 

be  h'ef 

con  strain 

in  quire 

be  mown 

de  ccive 

ma  li^n 

99 


1  *2  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system, 


o  paqwe 
ob  liqz^e 
per  ta/n 
pre  va/1 
pro  pugn 
pur  suit 
re  cez've 
re  ceipt 
re  cowrse 
re  pazr 
re  pneve 
re  quire 
re  quite 
re  stra/nt 
re  sign 
re  tarn 
un  tie 
un  true 

a  head 
ad  journ 
ac  quit 
be  he«d 
bur  lesq?;e 
con  tcmn 
con  denitt 
dis  cern  aaa) 
n*  nesse 
lu  nette 
irn  pugii 
qwad  rille 
ic  quest 


a  broad 
ap  plawd 
ap  plawse 
ath  wart 
bash  aw? 
be  cawse 
be  dwarf 
be  straught 
be  thral 
de  frawd 
e  clatf 
en  thral 


(157) 


(18) 


4 

a  do 
a  ha 
al  loo 
a  loof 
a  mowr 
be  ca/ni 
ca  noe 
ca  tarr/t 
dis  prove 
gwit  ar 
re  move 


ac  erne 

be  s< 

im  brue 

mis  rule 

3  3 

a  n* 

a  mount 

be  strew 

a  boot 
com  pound 
con  found 

3    u  n 

ac  compi 

2    f 

e  Rough 

M 


3  3 

de  vour 
ac  count 
pro  nounce 
re  nounce 
pro  pound 
sur  mount 
a  bound 
an  nounce 
ca  rouse 

3u 

al  low 
be  howl 

32 

ap  point 
ac  coil 
a  noint 
a  void 
be  moil 
em  broil 
pur  loin 

3e 

ac  cloy 
de  coy 
de  str< 
en  jo; 


100 


1                2 

3          4               1 

2 

1                2 

blade,  man, 

hall,  tar, — me, 

bed 

, — time,    bid, — 

u       kw  2 

oo        2 

i 

e 

jon  quille 

bru  nette 

an  tiqz^e 

2 
e 

i 

cri  tiqwe 

a  gainst 
a  gain   (is> 

4          ka 

bow  queZ 

in  trigwe 
fa  tigwe 

affirm 
con  firm 

e    k     2 

a 

in  veigk 
pur  vey 

ong         1 

en  core 

i 

k      ez 

pi  qwet 

sur  vey 

tor  qwoise 

— 9©^— 

TABLE 

II. 

Words  from  the  following  reading  lessons,  defined. 


Ad-mi-ra-blc,  to  be  admired. 

An-i-ma-ted,    lively,    filled 
with  life. 

Cor-tain-ly,  without  doubt. 

C/tar-ac-ter,  personal  quali- 
ties. 

Cour-agc,  (21)    bravery,   ac- 
tive fortitude. 

El-o-quent,  having  the  power 
uf  oratory. 

Ex-er-cise,  labour. 

Ex-cel-lent,  of  great  worth. 

<Jen-tle-ne?s,     softness     of 
manners. 

Im-age,  likeness. 

Lan-gua-ges,  tongues  of  dif- 
ferent nations,  or  people. 

Men-tion-ed,      named,      ex- 
pressed. 

Prob-i-ty,  honesty,  sincerity. 

Pref-ace,  introduction. 

Rep-ri-mand,  reproof 

ScAo!-ar,  one  who  learns  of 

a  master. 
Sul-len-ness,  moroseness. 


Ta/k-ed,   spoke   familiarly 
and  fluently. 

e 

Vir-tues,   (168)  moral  good- 
ness. 

i 

Pret-ti-ness,  beauty  without 

dignity. 

1 1 

A-mi-a-bl<?,  lovely,  pleasing. 

Bcau-U-i'u\,fair. 

Pleos-ing,  giving  pleasure. 

Sci-err-ces,  knowledge. 

4 

Char-ming,  pleasing  in  the 
highest  degree. 

33 

Coun-te-nance,  the  form  of 
the  face. 

o 

As-ton-ish-ed.      confounded 

with  wonder. 
Con-tin-u-ancc,     succcssior 

uninterrupted. 
Be-lir-i-ous,      light-headed, 
•   ravins. 


101 

~1  2  3  4  1  2.31  2 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system 


Dis-cern-ed,   (159)    saw,    de- 
scried. 
Dis-tem-per,  a  disease. 

2 

En-cour-ag-ed,  animated. 

Ex-pres-s/ons,  (165;  the  form 
of  language  in  which 
thoughts  are  uttered. 

Fa-cil-i-ty,  easiness  to  be  per- 
formed. 

Pa-thet-ick,  affecting  the 
passions. 

2    y 

Quin-til-ian,  an  Orator  and 
a  Teacher  of  Rhetorick 
at  Rome. 

fe    z2ah 

Phy-si-cian,  one  who  pro- 
fesses the  art  of  healing. 

2 
o 

E-qual-i-ty,  evenness,  uni- 
formity. 


De-scri-bed,  delinecded. 
Dis-pla^/s,    exhibits    to    the 

sight. 
Ex-pe-ri-encr ,  practice. 
0-blige,to  impose  obligation. 
Sur-pri-sing,  wonderful. 

1      Mill 

Com-men-da-tion,  declara- 
tion of  esteem. 

Dis-po-si-tion,  natural  fit- 
ness. 

Em-u-la-tion,  desire  of  su- 
periority. 

In-cli-na-tion,  natural  apt- 
ness. 

Res-o-lu-tion,  fixed  deter- 
mination. 

32 

Dis-ap-point-mcnt,  defeat  of 
hopes. 


—&Q&— 


QUINTILIAN  S    CHILDREN. 


1.  Quintilian,  noticing  the  different  characters  of  the 
mind  in  children,  draws  in  a  few  words,  the  image  of 
what  he  judged  to  be  a  perfect  scholar  ;  and  certainly 
it  is  a  very  amiable  one  :  "  For  my  part,"  says  he,  "  I  like 
a  child  who  is  encouraged  by  commendation,  is  animated 
by  a  sense  of  glory,  and  weeps  when  he  is  outdone. 

2.  "A  noble  emulation  will  always  keep  him  in  exercise, 
a  reprimand  will  touch  him  to  the  quick,  and  honour  will 
serve  instead  of  a  spur.  We  need  not  fear  that  such  a 
scholar  will  ever  give  himself  up  to  sullenness." 

3.  How  great  a  value  soever  Quintilian  sets  upon  the 
talents  of  the  mind,  he  esteems  those  of  the  heart  far  be- 
yond them,  and  looks  upon  the  others  as  of  no  value  with- 
out them. 

4.  He  displays  to  us  all  these  talents  in  the  eldest  of 
his  two  children,  whose  character  he  draws,  and  whose 

i  2 


102 

death  he  laments  in  so  eloquent  and  pathetick  a  strain,  in 
the  beautiful  preface  to  his  sixth  hook. 

5.  After  having  mentioned  his  younger  son,  who  died 
at  five  years  old,  and  described  the  graces  and  beauties 
of  his  countenance,  the  prettiuess  of  his  expressions,  the 
vicacityof  his  understanding,  which  began  to  shine  through 
the  veil  of  childhood;  "  I  had  still  left  me,"  says  he,  "  my 
son  Qnintilian,  in  whom  I  placed  all  my  pleasure,  and  all 
my  hopes,  and  comfort  enough  I  might  have  found  in 
him  :  for,  having  now  entered  into  his  tenth  year,  he  did 
not  produce  only  blossoms  like  his  younger  brother,  but 
fruits  already  formed,  and  beyond  the  power  of  disap* 
pointment. 

6.  "  I  have  much  experience;  but  I  never  saw  in  any 
child,  I  do  not  say  only  so  many  excellent  dispositions  for 
the  sciences,  nor  so  much  taste,  as  his  masters  know,  but 
so  much  probity,  sweetness,  good  nature,  gentleness,  and 
inclination  to  please  and  oblige,  as  I  discerned  in  him. 

7.  "  Besides  this,  he  had  ail  the  advantages  of  nature ; 
a  charming  voice,  a  pleasing  countenance,  and  a  sur- 
prising facility  in  pronouncing  well  the  two  languages,  as 
if  he  had  been  equally  born  for  both  of  them. 

8.  "  But  all  this  was  no  more  than  hope,  I  set  a 
greater  value  upon  his  admirable  virtues,  his  equality  of 
temper,  his  resolution,  the  courage  with  which  he  bore 
up  against  fear  and  pain ;  for,  how  was  his  physicians 
astonished  at  his  patience  under  a  distemper  of  eight 
months'  continuance,  when  at  the  point  of  death  he  com- 
forted me  himself,  and  bade  me  not  to  weep  for  him  !  and 
delirious  as  he  sometimes  was  at  his  last  moments,  he 

talked     of    nothing  else  but  learning  and  the  sciences." 


_<a©©_ 

TABLE  XI. 

(Wort 

Is  in  which  ck  sounds 

like  tsL) 

i 

Cheap  en 
cham  ber  (25) 
cha  fer 
cha/n  pump 
cham  shot 
cha?r  man 

1 

chang  er 
cheer  ful 
preach  er 
teach  er 

2 

chan  nel 

2 

chap  man 
chal  ice 
chap  ter 
chaf  fer 
chaff  less 
chaff  weed 

*  103 

1  2~       3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system 


chaffy  (39) 
chal  dron 
chap  el 
chasi  en 
chal  lenge 
chap  kin 
chat  tel 
cher  ish 
cher  ry 
chis  el 
chim  ney 
chil  ly 
chil  dren 
chop  per 
chop  py 
fran  chise 
mer  chant 
mis  chief 
pur  chase 
ur  chin 

2         s      t 

chal  iced 

3 

cha/k  y 
chaw  dron 
or  chard 
butch  er 


arch  er 

4 

chand  ler 

charm  ing 

char  ter 

char  coale 
i 

a  chteve 
ap  proach 
arch  duke 
be  seech 
en  crooch 
im  pe«ch 

2 

de  tach 
en  rich 

3 

de  bawch 

3  3 

a  vouch 

4 

car  towch 
sur  charge 


es  chew 

i 
cham  ber  er 
09)   cham  ber  lain 
cham  ber  maid6 
(25)       change  a  ble      cho  pin 


cham  pi  on  09} 
chance  a  ble 
chanc  er  y 
choc  o  late 
coch  in  eal* 
chas  tise  ment 
char  i  ot  (39) 
cher  u  bim 
mer  chan  dise 
mis  chiev  ous 
trettch  er  ous 

i 
arch  de«  con 
a  chie  ver  (ao9) 
a  clweve  merit 
re  proach  ful 

at  tach  ment 
arch  bish  op 
arch  duch  ess 
de  tach  ment 
dis  fran  chise 
en  fran  chise 
ex  cheq  uer 


(Words  in  which  ch  sounds  like  sh.) 


Bran  chy 
satch  el 

2  u 

fal  ch/on  09) 
lunch  eon  (39) 
punch  eon 


trunch  eon 

i 
chain  pa/gn 
chas  se 
chi  cane 
cham  ade 


cha  grine 
ma  chine 

3  e 

cham  ois 

2 

chev  er  il 


104 

I  2  3~      4  1        2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


chev  is  ance 
chiv  al  ry 

4 

char  la  tan 


clian  de  her 


chev  al  /er 

deb  au  dice 
i 

e 

cap  u  chin 

4 

chap  er  on 


chi  ca  ner  y 

j 

e        u 

ma  chin  er  v 


chev  mix  de  fn^e 


Words  in  which  ch  sounds  liko  /.-. 


wl 

choir 

i 
cha  os 
cho  rus 
cho  ral 
o  chre  (as) 
tro  chee 

anch  or  (39) 
cham  brcl 
pas  chal 
op  och 
chol  ick 
dis  tich 
chol  er 
schol  ar 
mon  arch 
pyr  rich 

2    j 

sched  ule 

4 

school  house 
schoon  er 
tooth  ache 

2 

al  chym  y 
al  cbym  ist 


an  arch  y 
am  phi  brach 
an  cho  rite 
cham  o  mile 
bac  cha  rials 
cat  e  chism 
each  ex  y 
char  ac  ter 
lach  ry  mal 
mach  in  ate 
sac  cha  rine 
chron  i  cnl 
mon  arch  y 
mech  an  ism 
pen  ta  tcuch 
sep  ul  chre 
tech  ni  cal 
chiist  en  dom 
chym  is  try 
chym  i  cal 
Mich  ae\  mas 
chol  er  ick 

chor  is  ter 

pa  tri  arch 


eu  char  ist 

i 
arch  an  gel 
chi  me  ra 
mos  che  to 

each  ec  tick 
me  chan  ick 

cha  ot  ick 

i 

hi  e  rar  chy 
pa  tri  ar  chy 

mel  an  chol  y 
chir  o  man  cy 
ol  i  gar  chy 

chym  i  cal  ly 

i 

cha  me  le  on (39) 
pa  ro  chi  al 

me  chan  i  cal 
syn  ec  do  che 
chro  nol  o  gy 
chro  nom  e  ter 
chi  mer  i  cal 

e       2  f 

chi  rog  ra  phy 
chi  rog  ra  pher 


105 

J  2  3  4  12  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,   full, — rhyme,  system. 


TABLE  XII. 

Words  which  are  generally  sounded  in  one  syllable,  and  in  which 
ed  sounds  like  t. 


Bra  ced 
gra  ced 
sera  ped 
wa  ked 
cea  sed 
hea  ped 
lea  ked 
liked 
s!i  ced 
spi  ked 
coax  ed 
fore  ed 
jo  ked 


(135)       slm'c  ed 

2 

ask  ed 
flash  ed 
bless  ed 
dress  ed 
help  ed 
vex  ed 
fix  ed 
kiss  ed 
mix  ed 
wish  ed 
box  ed 


scoff  ed 
cuff  ed 
lump  ed 
flush  ed 

4 

mark  ed 
lawgh  ed 
march  ed 

3 

cork  ed 

33 

flounc  ed 
pounc  ed 
trounc  ed 


Words  in  which  the  d  in  ed  is  only  sounded. 


blaz  ed 
far  ed 
na  med 
sa  ved 
glea  ned 
lea  ned 
seem  ed 
wea  ned 
cri  ed 
fi  red 
hi  red 
tri  ed 
clo  sed 
g\ov:  ed 


flow  ed 
mow  ed 
cu  red 
su  ed 
tu  ned 

2 

plan  ned 
edg  ed 
pen  ned 
pledg  ed 
spell  ed 
filled 
liv  ed 
skill  ed 


rob  bed 
lov  ed 
judg  ed 
urg  ed 

4 

arm  ed 
starv  ed 
mov  ed 
prov  ed 

3 

call  ed 
warm  ed 
warn  ed 

32 

boil  ed 


106 


1                2 

3           4                 1 

2             12 

blade,  mar 

i,  hall,  tar, — me, 

bed, — time,  bid, — 

32 

33  a 

3   u 

broil  ed 

rous  ed 

crown  ed 

foil  ed 

sour  ed 

drown  ed 

toil  ed 

scour  ed 

frown  ed 

Words  in 

which  ed  preceded  by  d  or  t  is  sounded. 

l 

b&i  ted 

] 

si  ded 

4 

gz^ard  ed    ao&> 

braz  ded 

boast  ed 

boot  ed 

da  ted 

cowrt  ed 

roost  ed 

wai  ted 

roast  ed 

root  ed 

feast  ed 

vo  ted 

32 

gree  ted 

flu  ted 

hoist  ed  m 

sea  ted 

sui  ted 

joint  ed 

trea  ted 

2 

point  ed 

3  3 

ci  ted 

act  ed 

bound  ed  my 

mind  ed 

flat  ted 

found  ed 

pri  ded 

waft  ed 

sound  ed 

TABLE  XIII. 

(107.) 

Fail  ing 

i 
go  ing 

2 

rad  ish 

pamt  ing 

jo  king 

van  ish 

Bay  ing 

mo?<ld  ing 

dwell  ing 

swear  ing 

cu  ring 

blem  ish 

sla  vish 

su  ing 

learn  ing 

be  ing 

u  sing 

ster  ling 

frea  kish 

wri  ting 

wed  ding 

plea  sing 

o 

giv  ing 

scpiea  mish 

ask  ing 

liv  ing 

bind  ing 

baild  ing 

skir  mish 

dy  ing 

danc  in<* 

shil  ling 

board  ing 

fan  ning 

ship  ping 

107 


12  3  4  12  3  12 

lone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


fop  pish 
lodg  ing 
pol  ish 
nour  ish 
pub  lish 

3 

call  ing 


pud  ding 

4 

bloom  ing 
do  ing 
mov  ing 

2 


com  ing 

— Q)®© — 


Blame  less 
brain  less 
care  less 
care  ful 
fazth  less 
{right  ful 
grace  ful 
grate  ful 
great  ness 
shame  ful 
waste  ful 
peace  ful 
like  ness 


sloth  ful 
hope  ful 
hoarse  ness 

2 

bash  ful 
dread  ful 
help  less 
sense  less 
gailt  less 
skil  ful 
wil  ful 

oo 

rude  ness 
fruit  ful 


lov  ing 

3e 

joy  ing 

32 

boil  ing 
oil  ing 
point  ing 


TABLE  XIV.  (193,  194.) 


dawnt  less 

3 

fawlt  less 
ful  ness 
law  ful 
scorn  ful 

3 

a 

thought  ful 

3  3 

bound  less 
douot  less 
ground  less 
sound  ness 


2     i 
Dud  geon  (39) 

dun  geon  m 

fer  riage 

mar  riage 

pag  eant 


TABLE  XV.  (140.) 
2      j 


stur  geon 
sur  geon 
wid  geon 


i  j 
as  suage  (48) 

be  sz'ege 

con  geal 


geor  gick  al  longe 


108 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,   tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


i    j 
its  sua  ger 

be  s/e  ger 

gen  teel  ly 

out  rage  ous 


i 

A  gue 
bea  gle 
ea  ger 
fla  grance 
fra  grance 
gam  est 
gam  eth 
gnev  ance 
gold  en 
g\ow  est 
groan  eth 
grow  eth 

gwi  dance 

i 

mea  ger 

ag  ate 
boggy 
dag  ger 
col  le«g?(e 
dreg  gy 
drug  gist 
ec  logwe 
foggy 
gfrcr  kin 


dis  u  sage 

2  id  j 

dam  age  a  ble 

ge  ol  o  gy 
— qO®— 
TABLE  XVI. 

Words  in  which  g  is  hard. 
2 


ge  o  cen  triek 
ge  o  man  tick 
pan  e  gyr  ick 
pan  e  gyr  ist 


gir  die 

2 

gib  bous 
gig  gle 
gim  let 
g/iost  ly 
glisi  en 
gttil  ty 
gwilt  less 
gain  ea 
gud  geon  (82) 
hogs  head 
leg  ged 
pig  gin 
prol  ogae 
rag  ged 
stag  ger 
swag  ger 
tripa  thong 
wring  er 

3 

mi  ger 
aw  gust 
gaw  dy 
gorge  ous  (is9j 


(139) 

3 

mort  gage 

4 

bar  gain 

2 

ga  zette 

gro  tesqae 

ha  rangae 
i 

ea  ger  ly 
gaz  e  ty 
night  in  gale 
ro  guer  y 

2 

cat  a  logwe 
dec  a logae 
dem  a  gogwe 
ep  i  \ogue 
ped  a  gogae 
syn  a  gogae 

3 

aw  gu  ry 
or  gan  ist 

2 

a  vant  gaard 
au  gust  ness 

2 

bag  a  telle 


109 


i           2        :j 

4                  12 

3                 1               2 

tone,  not,  nor, 

move, — tube,  sun,  i 

full, — rhyme,  system. 

TABLE  XVII 

Words  in  which  n  sounds  like  ng.  (148) 

An  ger 

a 

ian  guid 

2 

an  gli  cism 

ban  kcr 

Ian  guage 

con  (.per  or  C39) 

blan.  ket 

lin  ger 

an  chor  age 

bran  gle 

lin  guist 

syn  chro  nism 

can  ker 

Ion  ger 

ham/  kcr  chief 

can  crine 

Ion  gest 

ran  cor  ous 

con  cord 

min  gle 

sin  gu  lar 

dan  gle 

san  guine 

sur  cin  gle 

Ian  guor 

stron  ger 

o 
o 

man  go 

stron  gest 

quad  ran  gle 

ran  kle 
span  gle 

shin  gle 
twin  kle 

i 

i  sin  glass 

2 

stran  gle 

un  cle 

bi  an  gu  lar 

tan  gle 

M?ran  gle 

dis  tin  guish 

tan  kard 

wrin  kle 

e  Ion  gate 

tran  quil 

youn  ger 

san  guin  i  ty 

con  cowrse 

youn  ge?t 

tri  an  gu  lar 

fin  ger 

con  quest 

2             oo 

hun  ger 

2 
u 

in  con  gru  ous 

jin  gle 

mon  ger 

—©RO- 
TABLE XVIII 

sin  gu  lar  i  ty 

Woi 

:ds  in  which  ph  sounds  like  /  or  x. 

i         f 

Ca  liph 

i      f 

ci  pher 

0         f 

dol  phia 

pha  lanx 

tri  umph 

cam  phire 

phc  nix 

tro  phy 

eph  od 

110 


1  •_>  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


pam  phlet 
proph  et 
phan  torn 
pheas  ant 
phren  sy 
phys  ick. 
soph  ist 
►soph  ism 
ser  aph 
sul  phur 
zeph  yr 

3 

or  phan 
i 
bias  phcme 

i 
eu  pho  ny 
di  a  phra^m 
zo  o  phyte 
pha  e  ton 

2 

al  pha  bet 
cen  o  taph  (wa 
at  mos  pherc 
aph  o  rism 
as  pho  del 
bias  phe  my 
el  e  phant 
cm  pha  sis 
cp  i  taph 
hem  i  sphere 
met  a  phor 
par  a  graph 
par  a  phrase 


f    2 


phys  i  cal 
proph  e  cy 
proph  e  sy 
spher  i  cal 
ser  a  phim 
sym  pho  ny 
soph  o  more 
soph  is  try 
syc  o  phant 
zeph  yr  us 

4 

phar  ma  cy 

phleg  mat  ick 
pro  phet  ick 
tri  umph  ant 

am  phib  i  ous 
an  aph  o  ra 
a  pos  tro  phe 
aph  a>r  e  sis 
a  poc  ry  pha 
bi  og  ra  phy 
ca  coph  o  ny 
ca  tas  tro  phe 


or  thog  ra  phy 
phi  los  o  phy 
phe  nom  e  non 
phi  Ian  thro  py 
pe  riph  e  ry 
phi  lol  o  gy 
phy  lac  ter  y 
so  phys  ti  cal 
stc  nog  ra  phy 

to  pog  ra  phy 

i 
aph  c  li  on 
sul  phu  re  ous 

sym  pho  ni  ous 

i 
phil  o  me  la 

2 

mot  a  phys  icks 
a 

metamorphose 

at  mos  pher  i  cal 
ge  o  graph  i  cal 
phil  o  soph  i  cal 
phys  i  og  no  my 
phra  se  ol  o  gy 
typ  o  graph  i  cal 


•    or  tho  graph  i  cal 

cosm°Sra  Pamela  physical 
di  aph  a  nous    met  a  pi10r  j  caj 


e  phcin  e  ra 
e  phem  e  ris 
e  phem  e  ral 
c  piph  a  ny 
cm  phat  i  cal 
ge  og  ra  phy 


phil  o  log  i  cal 

seen  o  graph  i  cal 

i 
am  phi  the  a  tre 
phar  i  sa  i  cal 

di  a  pho  ret  ick 


Ill 

^__ : *l 

12  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


hi  e  ro  glyph  ick      Ste  phen    neph  ew 
ster  e  o  graph  ick    phi  al 


TABLE  XIX. 

Words  in  which  re  sounds  like  ur.  (25,  152.) 


A  ere 

sa  bre 
me  tre 
pe  tre 
li  bre 
li  vre 
mi  tre 
ni  tre 
hi  ere 


me«  gre 

an  tre 
cen  tre 
spec  tre 
lus  tre 
om  bre 


man  gre 
i 


mas  sa  ere 
sep  ul  chre 
man  oeu  vre  (37) 

con  cen  tre 
e  lee  tre 

32 

re  con  noi  tre 

i 
am  phi  the  a  tre 

4 
an   nr\i)i   fvr» 


TABLE  XX. 

Words  in  which  d  sounds  like  j.  (136.) 


O  di  ous 
o  di  um 
stu  di  ous 
te  di  ous 

2 

in  di  an 
ob  du  rate 
un  du  late 
gran  deur 
in  di  as 
ed     cate' 


mod  u  late 
hid  e  ous 
ob  du  ra  cy 

guar  di  an  (io<>) 


in  gre  di  ent 
o  be  di  ent 
o  be  di  ence 


com  pen  di  um 
ar  du  ous  com  pen  di  ous 

odiously         Perfidious 
J  quo  tid  1  an 

2  cor  di  al 

ob  du  rate  ness  cor  di  al  ly 
ex  pe  di  ent      or  de  al 


112 

i  a        :<       4       "  I     2  i  2 

blade,  man,  ball,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


Words  in  w 

1     zh 

A  zurc 
bra  sier 
fu  sion 
gla  zier 
ho  sier 
let  sure 
ra  sure 

sei  zure 

i 

lei  sure  ly 
ro  se  ate 
yu  su  al 

u  su  ry 

n  su  rer 

a.uer/3.  lire 

pleas  ure 

treas  ure 

3ure 

ion 


TABLE  XXI. 

rich  s,  '..  «,  and  zi  s.>mi(l 
2    zh 

treas  ur  y 

vis  u  al 

i 
ad  lie  sion 
al  lu  sion 
co  he  sion 
cor  ro  sion 
col  lu  sion 
con  fu  sion 
con  clu  sion 
con  tu  sion 
dif  fu  sion 
de  lu  sion 
e  va  sion 

T" 

ef  f  u  sion 
in  tru  sion 
il  lu  sion 
in  fu  sion 
ob  tru  sion 

— o©© — 
TABLE  XXII. 


like  zh.  (165,  177.) 

t      7.1) 

pro  fu  sion 

ab  scis  sion 
al  lis  ion 
col  lis  ion 
con  cis  ion 
de  lis  ion 
di  vis  ion 
in  cis  ion 
pre  cis  ion 
pro  vis  ion 
re  cis  ion 
re  vis  ion 

i 
am  bro  si  a 
oc  ca  sion  al 
tra  pc  zi  urn 

im  meas  u  ra  blc 


in  which  s,  si , 

ci. t  and  ti  sound  hk 

e  sh  anu  ish.  ^u1*,  »v.; 

sh  l 

\  n  tient 

pa  tient 

sure  ty 

fea  une 

(ji io  tient 

2         sh 

spa  cious 

cap  tious 

cian 

spe  cious 

con  science 

na  tu 

. 

een  sure 

113 

~1  a  3  4  I  2  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


(14) 


(93) 


2        sh 

fac  tious 
tic  tious 
ges  ture 
lus  cious 
man  sion 
mis  sion 
nup  tial 
pas  sion 
ques  tion 
pre  cious 
ses  sion 
spe  cial 
vi  tious 

3 

caw  tious 
tmu  seous 
su  gar  (is) 

4 

mar  tial 

par  tial 

i 

sa  ti  ate 


ac  tu  ate 
cas  si  a 
flue  tu  ate 
in  su  lar 
nat  /on  al  qs) 
rat  ion  al   ($) 
sen  su  al 
cen  su  rer 
sen  ti  ent 

i 
ca  pa  cious 


1      sh 

fal  la  cious 
fe  ro  cious 
lo  qua  cious 
pro  ca  cious 
ra  pa  cious 
sa  ga  cious 
se  qua  cious 
te  na  cious 
vex  a  tious 
vi  va  cious 
vo  ra  cious 


ca  pri  cious 
ma  li  cious 

sus  pi  cious 

i 
so  ci  a  ble 
sta  tion  a  ry 

2 

pen  sion  a  ry 
mis  sion  a  ry 
sump  tu  a  ry 

i 
ap  pre  ci  ate 
as  so  ci  ate 
tic  pre  ci  ate 
dis  so  ci  ate 
e  ma  ci  ate 
ex  cm  ci  ate 
in  gra  ti  ate 
in  sa  ti  ate 
ne  go  ti  ate 
pro  por  tion  afc 
k  2 


an  nun  ci  ate 
con  fee  tion  er 
de  fi  cien  cy 
e  nun  ci  ate 
in  i  ti  ate 
in  ten  tion  al 
ir  rat  ?'on  al 
ju  di  ciar  y 
li  cen  ti  ate 
li  cen  tious  ness 
om  nis  ci  ence 
of  fi  ci  ate 
pen  in  su  la 
prac  ti  tion  er 
sub  stan  ti  ate 

1      eh 

ar  gil  la  ceous 
con  tu  ma  cious 
ef  fi  ca  cious 
os  ten  ta  tious 
per  spi  ca  cious 
per  ti  na  cious 

2 

ar  ti  ri  cial 
av  a  ri  cious 
ben  e  li  cial 
con  fi  den  tial 
con  tro  ver  sial 
e  qui  noc  tial 
in  au  spi  cious 
in  ef  fi  cient 
in  flu  en  tial 
'  con  sri  en  tious 


\u 

I  2  3         4  I       2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


2   sh  g  1     sh  u  1      sh  u 

ad  sc i  ti  tious    deg  ra  da  tion  in  un  da  tion 

pol  i  ti  cian       det  es  ta  tion  in  vo  ca  tion 

pred  ju  di  cial   det  o  na  tion  ir  ri  ta  tion 

prov  i  den  tial  dil  a  ta  tion  lac  er  a  tion 

rev  er  en  tial    dim  n,i  nu  tion  lam  en  ta  tion 

r/tet  o  ri  cian    div  i  na  tion  leg  is  la  tion 

.su  per  fi  cial     ed  u  ca  tion  lib  er  a  tion 

su  per  fi  cics     el  e  va  tion  lim  i  ta  tion 

su  per  sti  tious  el  o  cu  tion  lit  i  ga  tion 

sur  rep  ti  tious  el  on  ga  tion  lo  co  mo  tion 

t  9h  B        em  a  na  tion  mac  er  a  tion 
ab  er  ra  tion     em  bar  ka  tion  min  is  tra  tion 

ub  ro  ga  tion     em  en  da  tion  mit  i  ga  tion 

ac  cep  ta  tion  em  i  gra  tion  mo  les  ta  tion 

ac  cu  sa  tion     em  u  la  tion  mu  ti  la  tion 

ac  qui  si  tion    en  er  va  tion  nom  i  na  tion 

ad  ap  ta  tion     ex  ha  la  tion  oc  cu  pa  tion 

ad  mi  ra  tion    ex  hor  ta  tion  op  er  a  tion 

af  fir  ma  tion    ex  pi  ra  tion  os  cil  la  tion 

ag  gra  va  tion  ex  u  da  tion  per  fo  ra  tion 

al  ter  a  tion      ex  tir  pa  tion  per  pe  tra  tion 

ap  pel  la  tion    ex  ul  ta  tion  per  se  cu  tion 
ap  pro  ba  tion  fer  men  ta  tion  per  spi  ra  tion 

cir  cu  la  tion     fo  li  a  tion  prof  a  na  tion 

cog  i  ta  tion      gen  er  a  tion  pres  en  ta  tion 

con  fir  ma  tion  grav  i  ta  tion  pro  Ion  ga  tion 

con  go  la  tion  hes  i  ta  tion  prom  ul  ga  tion 

con  gre  ga  tion  im  pli  ca  tion  pro  ro  ga  tion 

con  stel  la  tion  im  pu  ta  tion  pros  e  cu  tion 

con  sti  tu  tion  in  no  va  tion  prot  es  ta  tion 

dec  i  ma  tion    in  spi  ra  tion  prov  o  ca  tion 

dec  la  ma  tion  in  stal  la  tion  rec  i  ta  tion 


115 

T"~   ~2  3  4~~~  1  2  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 

1     shu  2    shu  2   shu 

rec  re  a  tion     ab  o  li  tion        op  po  si  tion 
ref  or  ma  tion  ac  qui  si  tion    pre  di  lee  tion 
rel  ax  a  tion      ad  mo  ni  tion    pro  hi  bi  tion 
ren  o  va  tion     am  mu  ni  tion  prop  o  si  tion 
rep  a  ra  tion     ap  pa  ri  tion     pu  tre  fac  tion 
rep  ro  ba  tion  cir  cum  spec  tion  rec  og  ni  tion 
res  er  va  tion    def  i  ni  tion      rec  ol  lee  tion 
res  ig  na  tion    eb  ul  li  tion       rep  e  ti  tion 
sal  'u  ta  tion      er  u  di  tion       rep  re  hen  sion 
scin  til  la  tion    ex  hi  bi  tion      res  ur  rec  tion 
seq  ues  tra  tion  ex  po  si  tion     SUp  po  si  tion 
sit  u  a  tion  <m  im  po  si  tion  a     1 

trans  mi  gra  tion  in  qui  si  tion      prep  ar  a  tion 
trans  porta  tion  in  sur  rec  tion  sep  ar  a  tion 

trep  i  da  tion    in  ter  ces  sion    °°      ..   *.    . 

■*  *•  ;-  *~~  r^^c  o^n  ru  mi  na  tion 

tnt  u  ra  tion     in  ter  mis  sion  tohl 

ven  er  a  tion  in  ter  sec  tion  car  ic  a  ture 

vin  di  ca  tion  in  tu  i  tion  2shy 

vis  i  ta  tion  ju  ris  die  tion    mil  it  ia 

u  sur  pa  tion  mal  e  die  tion      saaooi 

un  du  la  tion  man  nu  mis  sion  mes  sieurs 

— 9<QS©— 

TABLE  XXIIJ. 

Words  in  which  t  has  nearly  the  sound  of  tsh ,  or  in  which  the  sound 
of  y  precedes  e,  or  u.  (47.) 

1  1  2 

U  nit  u  sance  lect  ure 

hu  mom  2  nurt  ure 

use  ful  cuft  ure6  Past  Ure 

use  less  Z  ,"  P°* »™ 

u  ser  junct  ure  rUpt  Ure 


UG ^_ 

i  2  3         4  I       2  I  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


stat  ure 
strict  ure 
struct  ure 
tinct  ure 
text  ure 
tons  ure 
tort  ure 
vent  ure 
vest  ure 

3  2 

joint  ure 
moist  ure 
quoiff  ure 

i 
eu  era  sy 
eu  ryth  my 
eu  lo  gy 
Au  mor  ous 
hu  mor  ist 
hu  mor  some 
u  ber  ty 
u  ni  corn 
u  ni  form 
u  ni  son 
u  ni  on 
u  ni  verse 
use  fill  ness 
use  fill  ly 
use  less  ness 
u  ni  tive 
u  ni  ty 
u  ni  valve 
u  rin  ous 


cas  u  al 
cas  u  ist 
grat  u  late 
mant  u  a 
nat  u  ral 
past  u  rage 
pet  u  lance 
pit  e  ous 
plent  e  ous 
punct  u  al 
rapt  u  rous 
lit  u  al 
sat  u  rate 
script  u  ral 
sum/>t  u  ous 
sin  u  ate 
sin  u  ous 
tit  u  lar 
unct  u  ous 

3  3 

bount e  ous 

3 

nai^s  c  ate 
at  tamt  ure 

2 

ad  vent  ure 
con  ject  ure 
de  bent  ure 
en  rapt  ure 
im  post  ure 
in  dent  ure 
u  ten  sil 

4 

de  par* 


tight  e  ous  ness 
u  ni  form  ly 

2 

act  u  al  ly 
cas  u  is  try 
cas  u  al  ty 
cens  u  ra  ble 
spir  it  u  al 
val  u  a  ble 

2 

ac  cent  u  ate 
ad  rae«s  ure  ment 
ad  vent  ur  er 
ad  vent  ure  some 
as  sid  u  ous 
ca  pit  u  late 
con  stit  u  ent 
con  tenijOt  u  ous 
con  grat  u  late 
ef  feet  u  al 
e  vent  u  al 
ex  post  u  late 
ha  bit  u  al 
im  pet  u  ous 
in  fat  u  ate 
per  pet  u  al 
per  pet  u  ate 
pre  sumjot  u  ous 
tern  pest  u  ous 
tu  mult  u  ous 
u  nan  i  mous 
u  nip  a  rous 
u  til  i  ty 
u  biq  ui  ty 


117 

_        _      _       _         .        _      _  _      __ 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


iin  fort  u  nate 


vo  lupt  u  ous     su  per  struct  ure  in  di  vid  u  al 

sens  u  al  i  ty 

u  ni  ver  sal  ly 

u  ni  ver  si  ty 
man  n  tact  ure  ha  bit  u  al  ly  3  J 

per  ad  vent  ure  im  pet  u  ous  ly  u  ni  for  mi  ty 


u  ni  ver  sal 

2 

e  vent  u  al  Iv 


—©oo- 
TABLE  XXIV. 

Words  in  which  i  is  sounded  like  y.  (fi'Z.J 


i     y 

Al  ien  (92) 

brev  iat 

cloth  ier 
glaz  ier 
jun  ior 
pav  ier 
sav  iour 

ax  iom  (39) 
bann  ian 
bagri  io 
best  ial  (88) 
bil  ious 
hde\\  ium 
bill  jjpjrds  (i9) 
brill  iance 
l>rill  iant 
christ  ian 
fust  ian 
til  ial 
front  ier 


(19) 


gal  iot  d9) 
gall  iard  (88) 
mill  ion 
min  ion 
pill  ion 
pin  ion 
pon  iard  m 

val  iant 

3 

bull  ion  (39) 
war  /iour 


on  ion 

i 

al  ien  ate 

brev  iar  y 

bil  iar  y 
gall  iar  dise 

mil  iar  y 

i 

be  hav  iour 


i      y 

com  mun  ion 

pie  be  ian  (88) 

2 

bat  tal  ia 
bat  tal  ion 
ci  vil  ian 
com  pan  ion 

f\n  rnin  ion 

nock  tid  ial 

0  pin  ion 
pa  vil  ion 
pa  pil  io 
per  fid  ious 
punc  til  io 
ras  call  ion 
re  bell  ion 
re  bell  ious 
ver  mil  ion 

1     yoo 

cam  a  ieu 

1  y 

al  ien  a  hie 


118 


I  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


aux  il  iar  y 
fa  mil  iar  ize 
o  pin  ion  ist 


y      J 
al  ion  a  tion 


o  pin  i  a  tive 
o  pin  ion  a  ted 
su  per  cil  ious  o  pin  ion  a  tive 


— e<©© — 
TABLE  XXV.  (172.) 

Words  in  which  x  sounds  like  ks. 


2     ks 

Anx  ious 
box  er 
ex  it 
ex  tant 
ex  tract 
fox  chase 
nox  ious 
ox  heal6 
ox  fly 
ox  stnll 

o 

1 

ex  change 
e\  claim 
ex  pla/n 
ex  ceed 
ex  cise 
ex  cite 
ex  pose 
ex  cuse 
ex  treme 
ex  elude 

be  tvvixt 
ex  panse 


ks 

ex 

eel 

ex 

ccpt 

ex 

cess 

ex 

coct 

ex 

pel 

ex 

pert 

ex 

press 

ex 

pect 

ex 

tent 

ka 

a,  3 

ex 

2 

pound 

dex  ter  ems 

ex 

e  cute 

ex 

er  cise 

ex 

or  cise 

ex 

pi  ate 

ex 

qui  site 

ex 

or  cist 

ex 

pe  dite 

ex 

pie  tive 

ex 

eel  lence 

ex 

i  gence 

ox 

y  gen 

ox  y  mel 

lax  a  tive 

lax  i  ty 

lex  i  con 

ox  y  crate 

par  al  lax 

par  ox  ysm 

prox  i  mate 

six  ti  eth 
cm  ci  hx 

3 

or  tho  dox 

4 

sar  do  nyx 

2 

ap  pen  dix 
bis  sex  tile 
ex  tat  ick 
e  lix  ir 
ex  ces  sive 
ex  cres  cence 
ex  is  tence 
ex  pen  sive 
ex  pres  sive 
ex  pul  sive 


119 


1234  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system, 


ks      2 

ex  ten  sive 
ex  pli  cit 
ex  pan  sion 
ex  trac  tion 
ex  cep  tion 
ex  pres  sion 
ex  tine  tion 
ex  cur  sion 
ex  pul  sion 

i 
tax  a  tion  ow) 
lax  a  tion 
lux  a  tion 
ex  cite  ment 
ex  ceed  ing 
ex  cise  man 
ex  clu  sive 


ks         1 

ex  clai  mer 
ex  plo  sive 
tes  ta  trix 

2 

co  ex  tend 
in  ex  pert 
in  ter  mix 

ap  o  plex  y 
ex  e  era  ble 
ex  o  ra  ble 
ex  pli  ca  tive 
het  er  o  dox 
ex  pi  a  ble 


dox  ol  o  gy 
ex  per  i  ment 
ex  pos  i  tor 
ex  trav  a  gant 
ex  tern  po  re 
ex  trav  a  gance 
ex  trem  i  ty 
in  tox  i  cate 
lix  iv  i  al 
lix  iv  i  urn 
pro  lix  i  ty 
prox  im  i  ty 
per  plex  i  ty 

2 

ex  pi  a  tor  y 


ap  prox  i  mate      a 

con  vex  i  ty       in  ex  o  ra  ble 

dex  ter  i  ty        in  ex  pli  ca  ble 


Words  in  which  x  sounds  like  gz.  (173) 


gz   2 

Ex  act 
ex  empt 
ex  ert 
ex  ist 
ex  ult 

3 

ex  alt 
ex  hmist 
ex  /tort 

2 

ex  act  ly 
ex  am  ine 
ex  am  pie 
ex  /db  it 


gz    3      . 

ex  ot  lek 
hex  as  tick    ' 
max  il  lar 

2 

co  ex  ist 

ex  em  plar  y 

ex  ec  u  tive 
ex  ec  u  tor 
ex  ec  u  trix 
ex  em  pli  fy 
ex  as  per  ate 
ex  hil  a  rate 


ex  on  er  ate 
hex  ag  o  nal 
hex  ag  o  ny 
hex  am  e  ter 
hex  ang  u  lar 

i 
ex  u  be  rant 
lux  u  ri  ant 
lux  u  ri  ance 
lux  u  ri  ous 

3 

ex  or  bi  tant 
ex  or  di  um 


120 


OF  THE  SIMPLE  ARTS  OF  SAVAGE  LIFE. 


•-;^- 


rts  of  savage  life  are  those  which   were  pos- 
the  ancient  Britons :  and  which   are   witni 
lis  day  among  all   barbarous  people.     They  include 
.rts  of  swimming,  hunting,  taking  aim   with  missile 
ms,  and  procuring  fire. 
i.  The  art  of  swimming,  depends  first,  in  keeping  the 
and  hands  under  the  water  ;  in  protruding  only  the 
and   part  of  the    head  out  of  the  water;  and   then 
h  action,  as  will  direct  the  body  in  any  particu- 
lar course. 

3.  Ail  animals  swim  without  instruction  ;  because  they 
unable  to  lift  their  fore-legs  over  their  heads.     The 

secret  of  this  art  depends,  then,  on  keeping  down  the 
Lands  and  arms,  and  acting  under  the  water  with  them. 
The  parts  of  any  body,  which  rise  out  of  the  water,  tend 
to  depress  the  parts  that  are  immersed  in  it. 

4.  Hunting  is  performed  by  most  savage  nations  on 
foot,  and  with  many  of  them  the  principal  weapon  is  the 
club.  Therefore  the  swiftest  and  strongest  usually  be- 
come chiefs. 

.'>.  Hence  Hercules,  the  hero  of  antiquity,  is  dra-wn  with 
no  other  weapon  than  a  club;  with   which,  alone,  he  is 


121 


said  to  have  performed  all  his  wonderful  exploits.  Some 
nations,  in  nothing  removed  above  savages,  are  however 
found  to  have  acquired  the  use  of  bows  and  arrows. 

6.  If  there  are  some  privations  to  be  borne  in  society; 
if  the  successful  emulation  of  industry  and  talents  cre- 
ates great  inequalities  of  enjoyment ;  and  if  the  laws  are 
abused,  and  sometimes  bear  oppressively  on  weak  indi- 
viduals, the  worst  condition  of  social  and  civilized  man  is 
better  than  the  best  condition  of  the  untutored  savage. 

7.  Such  is  man,  in  his  native  and  original  state,  in  all 
countries  ;  and  such  are  the  boundaries  of  knowledge, 
among  all  aboriginal  people  :  let  us  now  consider  man,  in 
a  better,  happier,  and  more  respectable  condition. 


OF  FARMING,  OR  AGRICULTURE. 


S.  The  first  step,  from  savage  towards  civilized  life,  is 
the  acquirement,  protection,  and  recognition  of  property. 
In  early  ages  this  consisted  only  of  what  was  essential  to 
the  immediate  wants  of  man. 

9.  The  first  property  consisted  of  sheep,  goats,  and 
oxen  ;  and  the  first  husbandmen  were  shepherds,  who 
tended  their  flocks,  and  drove  them  without  restriction 
from  pasture  to  pasture. 

W  We  have  a  beautiful  picture  of  the  pastoral  life,  in 
L 


122 


the  book  of  Genesis:  Abraham,  Isaac,  Jacob,  and  their 
families,  were  shepherds  or  husbandmen  of  the  earliest 
ages.  It  will  be  seen,  that  their  wealth  consisted  in  their 
Hocks  and  live  stock  ;  and  that  they  roamed  over  the 
country  to  find  pasture. 

11.  In  Africa,  among  the  Americans,  and  in  most 
parts  of  Asia,  there  exists  to  this  day,  no  property  in  the 
land;  hence,  in  those  countries,  there  is  little  cultivation  ; 
and  subsistence  is  precarious  ;  notwithstanding  the  fertili- 
ty of  the  soil,  and  the  genial  character  of  the  climates. 

12.  The  recognition  and  protection  of  property  in  the 
soil,  is  the  basis  of  industry,  plenty,  and  social  improve- 
ment ;  and  is  therefore,  one  of  the  most  important  steps 
in  the  progress  of  man,  from  the  savage,  to  the  civilized 
state. 

13.  As  soon  as  any  man  could  call  a  spot  of  ground 
Lis  own,  and  could  secure  to  his  family  the  produce  of 
it;  he  would  carefully  cultivate,  sow  ami  plant  it;  know- 
ing that  he  should  reap  the  reward  of  his  labour  in  the 
reason  of  harvest, 

14.  Countries,  however,  in  general,  lie  open  ;  with 
nothing  but  banks  and  ditches  to  divide  the  land  of  eve- 
ry husbandman  :  but  in  all  civilized  countries,  each  sep- 
arate farm  is  divided  from  others  by  hedges  and  fences  ; 
and  the  farms  themselves,  are  subdivided  into  s 
enclosures. 

Jo.  In  France,  Germany,  Italy,  Spain,  and  most  other 
nations,  the  land  still  remains  unenclosed,  in  large  open 
fields ;  and  those  countries,  in  consequence,  present  a 
dreary  appearance. 

10.  Soils  are  divided  into  clayey,  loamy,  chalky, 
sandy,  gravelly,  peaty,  and  moory.  The  clayey  and 
loamy  are  called  stiff  or  strong  soils;  and  the  sandy  and 
gravelly,  light  soils. 

17.  Soils  are  barren,  when  they  consist  of  too  much 
of  one  kind  of  material,  do  not  hold  moisture,  or  are  too 
.shallow.  They  are  fertile,  when  they  contain  a  due  mix- 
ture of  the  several  primitive  earths,  with  vegetable  and  ani- 
mal matter. 

18.  To  render  a  barren  soil  fertile,  it  requires  to  be 
frequently  turned  up  to  the  air,  and  to  have  manures 
mixed  with  it;  which  manures  consist  of  animal  dungs, 
decayed  vegetal  '•       :  me,  marl,  sweepings  of  streets,  &e. 


23 


19.  On  many  farms,  cows  are  kept  for  the  milk  they 
yield  ;  and  for  the  purpose  of  making  butter  or  cheese. 
Butter  is  made  from  cream  by  agitating  it  in  a  churn ; 
and  is  the  oily  part  of  the  cream.  Cheese  is  made  from 
milk  by  curdling  it  with  rennet;  and  the  curd  is.  then 
pressed,  shaped  and  dried. 

20.  The  rennet  is  the  inside  of  the  stomach  of  a  calf; 
and  is  kept  in  pickle  for  the  purpose  of  setting  the  curd. 
The  cheese  would  be  white,  if  the  milk  were  not  pre- 
viously coloured  with  Spanish  arnotta.  The  largest 
cheese  farms  in  England,  are  in  Cheshire  and  Denbigh- 
shire ;  and  on  some  of  tbese,  500  milch  cows  are  kept. 
In  the  United  States,  the  largest  dairies  are  in  New- 
England  and  New  York. 

21.  Farmers  likewise  extract  cider  from  apples  ;  perry 
from  pears ;  and  delicious  wines  from  various  fruits. 

22.  The  Potato,  so  considerable  and  wholesome  a 
portion  of  our  food,  was  unknown  in  Europe,  about  two 
centuries  ago ;  and  was  brought  from  America  by  sir 
Walter  Raleigh.  The  period  is  on  record,  (500  years  be- 
fore Christ,)  when  the  first  wheat  was  brought  into  Eu- 
rope from  Asia  Minor.  Peas,  beans,  and  ail  other  grain, 
are  exoticks  in  england. 

23.  Such,  also,  is  the  art  of  man,  that  he  improves 
whatever  he  cultivates.  By  grafting  buds  of  superior 
fruits  on  ordinary  stocks,  he  amends,  and  even  alters, 
the  natural  produce  of  the  tree ;  and  by  managing  and 
selecting  his  seeds,  he  improves  and  enlarges  every  vege- 
table production. 


Air  i  ness 
a  the  ist 
a  the  ous 
a  que  ous 
bay  on  et  (39) 
be«u  ti  fill 
bare  head  ed 
co#  ler  y 


— ©o^— 
TABLE  XXVI. 

dni  ry  ma?de 
e«  ger  ly 
east  er  ly 
ea  si  ly 
ea  ta  ble 
fa  vour  ite 
fea  si  ble  aw) 
four  foot  ed 


frea  kisli  ness 
fright  fill  ly 
gm  e  ty 
la  bour  er 
ha//*  pen  ky 
hoa  ri  ness 
hy  a  cinth 
hea  then  ism 


124 

I  2  !i  4  1         2  1  2 

Made,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,    bid, — 


jiu  ci  ness 
loffth  some  ness 
night  in  gale 
peace  a  ble 
por  ce  lain 
por  trai  ture 
pleu  ri  sy 
pi  a  gia  rism 
re  qui  em 
scar  ci  ty 
see  ner  y 
sprig/it  li  ness 
so  journ  er 
suit  a  ble 
tai  lor  ess 
the  o  rein 
the  o  ry 
th/ev  ish  ness 
trai  tor  cms 
tiea  son  ous 
va  por  ous 
n-hole  soiw  ness 
way  fa  ring 
wea  ri  ness 
wca  ri  some 
yeo  man  ry 

and  i  ron  (i») 
an  eu  rism 
ap  o  thegm 
ab  so  lute 
aq  ui  line 


as  symp  tote 
at  ti  cism 
at  tri  bute 
av  e  nue 
az  i  muth 
but  ton  hole 
bar  o  scope 
bel  a  mie 
bel  lu  ine 
ben  i  son 
bil  low  y 
bin  a  cle 
cec  i  ty  (k®) 
riani  o  mile 
caek  er  el  (27) 
can  cer  ous 
clean  li  ness 
con  quer  or 
crit  i  cism 
cur  ry  com6 
court  e  sy 
cup  bear0  er 
def  in  ite 
ties  po  tism 
ear  li  ness 
car  nest  ness 
ear  nest  ly 
earth  i  ness 
el  e  gance 
en  gine  ry 
cq  ui  page 
ep  i  them 


ep  i  thet 
eth  i  cal 
for  ei^n  er 
fron  tis  piece 
frank  in  cense 
friz  zl  er 
fur  be  low 
goast  li  ness 
g?/in  ea  pig 
gain  ea  hen 
har  i  cot 
head  work  man 
health  ful  ly 
heav  en  ly 
hem  or  r/mge 
hem  or  rhoids 
hum  ble  bee 
(30)  jour  ney  man 


lg  no  ranee 
in  ter  view 
jeal  ous  y 
jeop  ard  y 
lab  y  rinth 
leth  ar  gy 
meth  o  disc 
min  strel  sey 
mis  an  thrope 
mis  t\e  toe 
nour  ish  ment 
ob  se  quies 
op  po  site 
per  quis  ite 


125 


1234  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


plat  i  na 
plat  o  nist 
per  fo  rate 
per  vi  ous 
ple«s  ant  ry 
pred  ju  dice 
ra.il  le  ry 
res  i  due 
rev  e  mie 
req  ui  site 
J  hap  so  dy 
rhet  o  riek 
scin  til  late 
ste«d  i  ness 
scira  e  tar 
starft  hold  er 
suot  le  ty 
sub  til  ty 
syn  the  sis 
syn  o  nyme 
up  right0  ness 

vict  ual  ler 

•j 

vm  top  sy 
mi  ri  cle 
an  gu  ry 
mi  di  ble 
tin  di  tor  (so) 
aivk  ward  ly 
hnw  di  ly 
bull  bafte  ins 
cor  ner  wise 
cor  pus  cle 

L 


fraw  du  lent 
fraw  du  lence 
hor  ta  tive 
hang/i  ti  ness 
law  da  ble 
\mv  ful  ness 
mor  ti  fy 
na«  til  us 
or  de  al 
or  gan  rze 
or  gan  ist    „ 
paw  ci  ty 
plan  si  ble  (iwj 
por  cu  pine 
por  phy  ry 
por  ti  co 
straw  ber  ry 
saw  ci  ness 
swar  tin  ness 
scor  pi  on 
sor  cer  er 
sor  cer  y 
sor  did  ness 
ta/k  a  tive 
wharf  in  gen* 

4 

bar  be  cue 
bar  ba  rism 
|?sal  mo  dy 
mar  mo  set  (i57j 
cook  er  y 
coop  er  age 
fool  er  v 


move  a  ble 
sooth  say  er 

00 

era  ci  fy 
cru  el  ty 
fruit  beare  er 
fruit  er  er 
fruit  ful  ly 
prud  er  y 
rAeu  ma  tism 
ru  di  ment 
ru  in  ous 
rue  ful  ness 
ru  in  ate 
ruth  ful  ly 
ru  mi  nate 
scru  tin  ize 
scru  ti  ny 

3  u 

cow  ar  dice 
dow  a  ger 
drow  si  ly 
fowl  ing  piece 

3  3 

boun  da  ry 

boun  ti  ful 
coun  sel  lor 
coun  ter  feit 
coun  ter  gward 
coun  ter  pane 
foun  tain  less 
moun  tftin  ous 
round  a  bout 


126 


1                 2 

blade,  man, 

3          4               12 

hall,  tar, — me,  bed, 

1              2 

— time,  bid, — 

32 

bois  ter  ous 

3e 

Q 

u 

con  sta  ble 

l 

a 

eigh  ti  eth 

broi  der  y 

cov  er  let 

feign  ed  ly 

joy  ful  ly 

2 
e 

he*  nous  ness 

loi  ter  er 

cir  cu  lar 

weigh  ti  ness 

loy  al  ty 
moi  e  ty 
poig  nan  cy 

cir  cum  stance 
cir  cum  spect 
bur  i  al 

2        oo 

ma  noea  vre 

2                  o  o 

bel  a  mour 

poi  son  ous 
roy  al  ist 

fir  ma  ment 
irk  some  ness 

2                             e 

am  ber  grise 

2                      i 

roy  al  ty 

main  ten  ance 

frog  let  tuce 

3  3e 

buoy  an  cy 

whirl  i  gig 

1              z 

2 
i 

bus  zi  ly 

U 

a  ri  es 

2 
o 

cov  e  riant 

a  the  ism 

lawd  a  num 

com  bat  ant 

i 

a                    o 

quad  ru  ped 

com  foi  i  er 

tete  a  tete 

quan  ti  ty 

TABLE  XXVII. 

i  i  i  # 

A  co  tons  be  stow;  er         dis  ses  sin  osn 

ac  quam  tance  ca  no  rous         en  Yigk  ten 

ap  pea  ranee  ca?  su  ra  oxi)      en  dear  ment 

up  prai  ser  com  plai  nant   en  trea  ty 

ar  rear  age  co  pay  va  gain0  say  er 

as  sua  sive  con  ceal  ment  in  vet  gle 

ag  gn'e  vance  con  cci  ted        mos  c/te  to 

al  le  gmnce  con  sign  ment  mu  se  um 

al  rnigh  tv  de  ce/t  ful         ma  lign  ly 

a  fore  said6  de  mca  nour      out  ra  geous 

au  ro  ra  de  sign  ing        per  sua  si\> 

be  fee  ver  dc  si  rous  pan  the  oil 


127 


12  3-1  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  systen; 


py  ri  tes 
re  mam  der 
re  he  vo 
un  ri  val/ed 

2 

ac  know\  edge 
al  read  y 
ar  thrit  ick 
astA  mat  iek 
belles  let  tres 
con  sump  tive 
co  qaet  ry 
cur  mud  geon 
dis  as  trous  (W) 
dis  Aon  est 
dis  lion  our 
dis  cour  age 
en  deav  our 
e  pis  tie 
en  cour  age 
for  give  ness 
fore  know]  edge 
im  pen  nous 
im  prom/?  tu 
in  de6t  ed 
in  doc  ile  (*32) 
mis  car  riage 
pneu  mat  ieks 
pro  dig  ions 
re  hear  sal 
re  served  ness 
re  lig  ion  (39) 
re  lig  ious 


re  venge  ful 
r/teu  mat  iek 
tran  scend  ent 

a  or  ta 
de  fraz*  der 
e  nor  mous 
hy  drawl  ieks 
in  thral  ment 

4 

ac  cou  tre 
re  mov  al 
ca  tar  r/Yal 
ca  thar  tiek 
dis  heart  en 
fore  fath  er 

oo 

in  tru  sive 
ob  tru  der 
ob  tru  sive 

33 

ac  coun  tant 
a  cou  stieks 
ad  vou  try 
de  vout  ly 
en  coun  ter 
e  spou  sal 
ren  coun  ter 

3  u 

al  low  ance 
ad  vow  son 
av  ow  al 
av  ow  sal 
av  ow  er 
av  ow  try 


3  u 

em  pow  er 
en  dow  ment 
im  bow  ment 
im  bow  er 

32 

ap  point  ment 
cy  cloid  al 
re  join  der 

3e 

an  noy  ance 

de  stroy  er 

dis  loy  al 

em  broi  der 

em  ploy  er 

em  ploy  ment 

en  joy  ment 

pome  roy  al 
i 

a 

a  bey  ance 
o  bei  sance 
pur  vey  ance 

sur  vey  or 

i 

e 

in  tri  guer 

o 
u 

at  tor  ney 
dis  col  our 
dis  com  fit 
dis  com  fort 
dis  cov  er 
en  com  pass 

u  4 

bom  bard  ment 

n  1 

coivp  troll  er 


123 

I  2  3         4  I       a  "*1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


Ap  per  tarn 
ap  ro  pos 
as  cer  tarn 
am  a  teur 
av  o\v  ee 
bar  gain  ee 
ban  do  leers 
brig  a  ih'er 
hue  a  nzers 
can  non  ier 
cav  al  z'er 
con  nois  seur 
cor  clo  1/cr 
deb  o  nair 
dis  be  lief 
em  bra  sure 
en  ter  tarn 
tin  an  c/er 
fric  as  see 


TABLE  XXVIII. 

1  2 

fu  si  1/cr  et  i  qaette 

gaz  et  teer        gar  go  nelle 
hu  man  kind(33)non  pa  re?'l 
gren  a  d/er        conn  ter  mand 
guar  an  tee  I 

in  ter  weave      dis  o  bey 
mas  quer  ade  * 

raori  ga  gee  bom  tea  sin 
moun  tain  eer  mag  a  zinc 
o  ver  reach  pal  an  qym 
un  a  wares  tarn  ba  rine 
un  der  neath     quar  an  tine 

2  4     7. 

com  plai  sance  ren  dec  vows 
com  plai  sant  J 

co  a  lesce  roq  ue  laure 

com  mon  wealth 


3 
k  o    n  g 

dis  Aa  bille         aid0  de  camp 
ef  fer  vescc 


— 6*QO- 

TABLE  XXIX. 


A  er  o  uaut 
a  pi  a  ry 
fa  vour  a  ble 
o  di  ous  ness 
tea  son  a  ble 

g 

am  a  tor  y 
an  ti  qua  ry 


an  s?'-er  a  ble 
cap  il  la  ry 
cem  e  ter  y 
cer  e  mo  ny 
cog  i  ta  tive 
con  tra  ri  wise 
cor  o/  lar  y 
em  an  a  tive 


eq  ui  ta  ble 
ex  qui  site  ly 
fash  ion  a  ble 
Aon  or  a  ry 
Aon  oar  a  hie 
im  ag  er  ry 
is  o  la  ted  [iwj 
leg  en  dar  y 


129 

„  -  -  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,    move,' — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 

2  2  3  o 

lib  er  tin  ism  rasp  ber  n  es  sar  y 

mag  is  tra  cy  san  gui  nai  pi  et  ■■  i\  dar  y 

man  age  a  ble  sem  i  qua  ver 

man  tua  ma  ker  sev  en  ti  eth  cir  cum  spect  ly 

mar  rkge  a  ble  Sub  sc  quern  \\     \, 

neg  a  live  ly  feUc  cu  len  cy "  b«s  j  bod  y 

nom  i  na  tive  a  I 

per  son  al  ly  &u  di  tor  y  com  fort  a  ble 

pet  ti  fog  ger  or  tho  e  py  cov  e  tous  ly 

plan  e  tar  ry  i  drom  e  dar  y 

pol  y  the  ist  ar  bi  tra  ry  gov  er  na  ble 

pol  y  the  ism  a*  mil  lar  y  slov  en  li  ness 

pon  der  ous  ness  par  don  a  ble  sov  er  e\gn  ty 

pon  der  ous  ly  par  si  mon  y       I 

pred  a  tor  y  par  ti  ci  pie  cawl  i  flow  er 

— ^©©— 

OF  ARCHITECTURE. 

1.  After  the  art  of  building  had  attained  what  was 
useful  and  necessary  ;  luxury  would  aim  at  ornament,  — 
an  ingenious  carpenter  would  become  a  carver ;  and  an 
ingenious  stone-mason,  a  sculptor*. 

2.  The  pillars,  which  supported  the  work,  would  not  be 
allowed  to  be  quite  plain  ;  but  would  be  cut  or  carved 
in  ornaments,  at  the  head  aud  base ;  and  other  parts  of 
the  room,  or  structure,  would  be  made  to  correspond. 
Hence  arose  the  different  orders  of  Architecture. 

3.  Five  of  the  orders  of  architecture  were  successively 
invented  in  ancient  Greece  and  Italy ;  and  are  called  the 
Tuscan,  the  Dorick,  the  Ionick,  the  Corinthian,  and  the 
Composite  :  they  are  to  be  found  in  all  the  principal 
buildings  of  the  Christian  world. 

4.  The  Saxons,  also,  had  a  simple  style  of  architec- 
ture ;  distinguished  by  semi-circular  arches  and  massive 
plain  columns:  these  still  are  found  in  many  of  our  oldest 
buildings. 


130 


!",.  The  Normans,  too,  invented  a  beautiful  style  of 
architecture,  called  the  Go-thick ;  distinguished  by  its  light* 
ness  and  profuse  ornaments ;  hy  its  pointed  arches;  and 
Ly  its  pillars,  carved  to  imitate  several  conjoined. 

(i.  The  Oiothick  architecture  is  found  in  all  our  ok! 
.  at!  e  Irals;  ahd  is  often  elegantly  adopted  in  private 
dwellings. 

7.  The  Hindoos,  Egyptians,  Chinese,  and  Moors,  have 
likewise  their  own  separate  styles  of  ornamental  building, 
;:nd  nothing  can  be  more  grand,  harmonious,  and  pic- 
l  tre.:  [ue,  than  the  splendid  specimens,  which  are  to  be 
seen  iu  their  several  countries. 


].  The  TUSCAN  order. 

"I  7 


%  The  DORICK  ordeb. 


? 


u  ,J 


3.  The  IONICK  order.  4.  TJie  CORINTHIAN  order 


131 
5.  The  COMPOSITE  order. 

The  Cornice* 

The  Frieze, 
The  Architrave. 


POSr 

TmMt 


The  Capital, 
The  Shaft. 


~Q®& — 

OF  THE  MECHANICAL  POWERS. 

1.  That  body,  which  communicates  motion  to  another, 
js  called  the  Power. 

2  That  body,  which  receives  motion  from  another,  is 
called  the  Weight, 

8.  The  instruments  called  Mechanical  Powers  are  the 
following  ;  viz.  the  Lever,  of  which  there  are  three  kinds 
(but  one  is  shown  in  the  Cut:)  the  Wheel  and  Axis,  the 
Pulley,  the  Inclined  Plane,  the  Screw  and  Wedge. 

4.  Without  the  aid  of  art,  man  could  not  raise  massy 
Stones  to  the  tops  of  churches  and  palaces  ;  he  could 
not  apply  immense  beams  of  timber  to  his  purposes ;  in 
phort,  he  would  still  have  been  a  builder  of  huts  and 
cottages.  He,  however,  soon  discovered  the  use  of  a 
lever ;  and  the  principle  of  that  power  he  soon  applied, 
in  various  shapes. 

5.  A  lever  is  the  foundation  of  all  the  mechanical 
sowers.  It  is  nothing  more  than  a  straight  stick  or  bar 
of  wood  or  iron;  and  any  common  lever  may  be  applied 

v  an  object  by  way  of  experiment:  a  poker,  s.  fire-shovel, 
»r  walking-stick,  for  the  purpose  of  illustration,  is  as 
•ood  a  lever  as  any  that  could  be  made.  Lay  a  shovel 
cross  a  fender,  and  put  a  large  coal  into  it,  then  balance 
te  coal  with  the  hand  at  the  other  end  of  the     ioy 


132 


in  this  situation,  the  shovel  is  a  lever,  the  fender  is  the 
fulcrum,  the  coal  is  the  weight  or  resistance,  and  the  hand 
;s  the  power  to  raise  and  overcome  it. 

6.  The  grand  principle  then  of  mechanicks  is  this, — 
that  we  gain  in  power  what  %oe  lose  in  motion;  and  hence, 
the  strength  of  one  man  could  move  the  earth,  if  he 
could  bring  his  strength  to  act  upon  it  with  such  a  velo- 
city, as  there  is  difference  betwixt  his  power,  and  the 
weight  of  the  earth. 

7.  The  property  of  the  simple  lever  is  exemplified  in 
the  steelyard  used  by  the  butchers  for  weighing  meat; 
and  in  the  iron  crow. 


wsmsms^ 


mam 


iW1:: 


8.  The  Wheel  and  .<4z*s  is  a  wheel  turning  round  to- 
gether with  its  axis;  the  power  is  applied  to  the  circum- 
ference of  the  Wheel,  and  the  weight  to  that  of  the  axis, 
by  means  of  cords. 

9.  The  Pulley  is  a  small  wheel,  moveable  about  its 
axis,  by  means  of  a  cord,  which  passes  over  it. 

10.  Single  pulleys  merely  improve   the  purchase;  but 
compound  pulleys  enable  the  hands   of  those  who 
them,  to  move  over  twice  the   space   according   to   the 
uumber  of  pulleys  ;  hence,  two  acting   pulleys  increase 
the  power  lour  times,  and  three  increase  it  six.  times. 

J  J.  Inclined  planes,  or  sides  of  hili.s,  wedges,  sen 


133 


jacks,  &c,  are  all  used  in  mechanicks,  on  the  same  prin- 
ciple :  their  power  depends  on  the  proportion  between 
the  height  actually  attained,  and  the  length  of  the  plane 
moved  over. 

12.  The  Screw  is  a  cylinder,  which  has  either  a  promi- 
nent or  a  hollow  line,  passing  round  it  in  a  spiral  form  % 
and  if  a  lever  be  added  to  it  as  it  presses,  the  power  gained 
is  so  great,  that  a  man  can  multiply  his  own  strength  many 
thousand  times. 

13.  The  Wedge  is  composed  of  two  inclined  planes, 
whose  bases  are  joined. 

REMARKS. 

A  body  put  in  motion  would  move  for  ever,  if  it  were 
not  for  the  friction  of  the  parts,  and  the  resistance  of  the 
air,  which  alone  stop  it.  A  fourth  of  all  power  is  lost  in 
machinery,  from  Friction  and  Resistance  ;  hence,  the  use 
of  oil  to  soften  the  parts;  the  necessity  of  smooth  roads 
for  wheel-carriages;  and  hence,  various  contrivances  called 
friction-wheels  for  diminishing  friction. 

GEOGRAPHY  AND  ASTRONOMY. 

1.  Geography  describes  the  surface  of  the  earth; 
the  shape  and  size  of  the  land  and  seas ;  the  boundaries 
of  empires  and  states,  and  their  climates  and  natural  pro- 
ductions. 

2.  It  also  teaches  the  character  of  the  inhabitants; 
heir  government,  religion,  manufactures,  and  modes  of 
iving  ;  and  it  ought  to  enable  us  to  avoid  their  errors,  and 

profit  by  their  experience. 

3.  The  Sun,  to  which  we  are  under  such  sensible 
obligations  for  light,  heat,  and  vegetation  ;  and  without 
whose  genial  influence  all  the  Earth  would  become  a  dark, 
solid  mass  of  ice,  is  900,000  miles  in  diameter ;  and  the 
earth  is  95  millions  of  miles  distant  from  it. 

4.  The  Sun  is  the  centre  of  a  vast  system  of  planets, 
or  globes  like  the  earth ;  all  of  which  move  round  it 
at  immense  distances,  in  periods  which  include  the  various 
seasons  to  each,  and  are  therefore  a  year  to  each. 

5.  The  Sun  has  been  commonly  considered  a  globe 
of  fire.  But  this  has  been  doubted  by  modern  astrono- 
mers, particularly  by  the  celebrated  Herschel,by  whom 

M 


134 

that  great  planet  is  considered  an  inhabitable  globe  some- 
what like  our  own  ;  and  that  its  luminous  properties  which 
affect  our  globe,  are  derived  from  its  atmosphere.  A 
number  of  macula,  or  dark  spots,  by  means  of  a  tele- 
scope, may,  however,  be  seen  on  its  surface,  but  without 
any  regular  periodical  returns. 

Great  source  of  day  !  best  image  here  below 
Of  thy  Creator,  ever  pouring  wide, 
From  world  to  world,  the  vital  ocean  round, 
On  Nature,  write  with  every  beam,  His  praise. 

Soul  of  surrounding-  worlds  ! 

'Tis  by  thy  secret,  strong-  attractive  force, 

(As  with  a  chain  indissolubly  bound.) 

Thy  system  rolls  entire  ;  from  the  far  bourn 

Of  utmost  "  Herschel,"  wheeling  wide  his  round 

Of"  eighty"  years;  to  Mercury,  whose  disk 

Can  scarce  be  caught  by  philosophick  eye, 

Lost  in  the  near  effulgence  of  thy  blaze.  Thomson. 

6.  There  are  also  a  multitude  of  bodies,  some  as  large 
as  the  earth,  called  Comets,  which  exhibit  very  peculiar 
phenomena  of  the  Sun.  The  Planets  move  round  him  in 
orbits  nearly  circular,  but  Comets  almost  touch  the  Sun 
in  one  part  of  their  orbit,  and  then  stretch  out  into  space 
thousands  of  millions  of  miles. 

7.  The  twinkling  stars,  of  which  we  see  so  many, 
every  clear  evening,  do  not  belong  to  our  solar  system, 
but  are  supposed  to  be  so  many  Suns  to  other  systems 
like  ours. 

8.  Each  Star  is  supposed  to  be  the  centre  of  its  own 
system  ;  and  to  have  planets,  moons,  and  comets  moving 
round  it  at  immense  distances,  like  those  of  our  solar 
system ! 

Bright  legions  swarm  unseen,  and  sing,  unheard 

By  mortal  ear,  the  glorious  Architect, 

In  this  his  universal  temple,  hung 

With  lustres,  with  innumerable  lights, 

That  shed  religion  on  the  soul ;  at  once, — 

The  temple  and  the  preacher  !  O  how  loud, 

It  calls  Devotion  !  genuine  growth  of  night ! 

— Devotion !  daughter  of  Astronomy  ! 

An  undevout  astronomer  is  mad  !  Young. 

9.  They  are  called  fixed  stars,  because  they  never 
appear  to  move,  and  are  so  distant,  that,  although  the 
orbit  of  the  earth  is  twice  95  millions,  or  190  millions 


135 


of  miles  across ;  and  we  are  consequently  ItK.  .-.prions 
of  miles  nearer  to  some  stars  at  one  time  than  we  are  at 
another,  yet  the  stars  always  appear  in  the  same  places. 

Oh  Nature  !  all  sufficient  i  over  all ! 

Enrich  me  with  a  knowledge  of  thy  works  ! 

Snatch  me  to  heaven  ;  and  show  thy  wonders  there  ;— ■ 

World  beyond  world,  in  infinite  extent, 

Profusely  scattered  o'er  the  blue  immense.  Thomson, 

45.  The  distance  of  the  nearest  of  the  fixed  stars  from 
the  earth  is  estimated  to  be  not  less  than  many  thousand 
millions  of  miles,  and  they  are  all  of  them  probably  as 
far  distant  from  each  other.  They  appear  to  fill  infinite 
space  in  vast  clusters  or  systems,  and  our  sun  is  supposed 
to  be  one  of  that  amazing  cluster  of  stars,  whose  myriads 
form  that  bright  cloud  or  path  in  the  heavens,  called  the 
Milky  Way. 


'Twas  God  who  form'd  the  concave  sky, 
And  all  the  shining  orbs  on  high  : 
Who  gave  the  various  beings  birth 
That  people  all  the  spacious  earth. 
'Tis  he  that  bids  the  tempest  rise, 
And  rolls  the  thunder  through  the  skies. 
His  voice  the  elements  obey  : 
Thro'  all  the  earth  extends  his  sway ; 
His  goodness  all  his  creatures  share : 
But  man  is  his  peculiar  care. — 
Then,  while  they  all  proclaim  his  praise, 
Let  man  his  voice  the  loudest  raise. 


136 

I  2  3  4  1         2  I  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,    bid,- 


TABLE  XXX. 


Ab  ste  mi  ous 
a  gree  a  ble 
an  te  ri  our 
as  sign  a  ble 
au  re  li  a 
bi  tu  mi  nous 
cal  ca  re  ous 
cen  so  ri  ous 
cir  cu  i  tous 
col  lo  qui  al 
com  mo  di  ous 
con  cei  va  ble 
con  cu  pi  scence 
con  ta  gi  ous 
cour  a  ge  ous 
cu  ta  ne  ous 
de  ci  sive  ly 
de  du  ci  ble 
de  fi  na  ble 
de  si  ra  ble 
e  gre  gi  ous 
er  ro  ne  ous 
e  the  re  al 
ex  tra  ne  ous 
for  tu  i  tous 
gra  tu  i  tous 
gre  ga  ri  ous 
liar  mo  ni  ous 
iin  me  di  ate 
im  pla  ca  ble 


im  pu  ta  ble 
in  cu  ra  ble 
in  ju  ri  ous 
in  qui  e  tude 
in  scru  ta  ble 
in  tu  i  tive 
me  lo  di  ous 
mys  te  ri  ous 
ne  fa  ri  ous 
ob  se  qui  ous 
op  pro  bri  ous 
pe  nu  ri  ous 
per  cei  va  ble 
per  sua  sor  y 
pro  cu  ra  ble 
re  h'ev  a  ble 
re  me  di  ate 
re  trie  va  ble 
spon  ta  ne  ous 
ter  ra  que  ous 
vi  ca  ri  ous 

a  nal  o  gous 
a  nath  e  ma 
a  nom  a  lous 
a  non  y  mous 
an  thol  o  gy 
an  tip  a  thy 
an  tiq  ui  ty 
on  titli  e  sis 


a  poc  a  lypse 
a  rith  me  tick 
as  pal  a  thus 
au  dac  i  ty 
au  ric  u  lar 
aus  ter  i  ty 
au  torn  a  ton 
bi  pet  a  lous 
ca  dav  er  ous 
can  thar  i  des 
car  niv  o  rous 
ca  thol  i  cism 
con  temp  ti  ble 
di  aer  e  sis 
e  quiv  a  lent 
e  quiv  o  cate 
fas  tid  i  ous 
fron  dif  er  ous 
ho  mot  o  nous 
gra  niv  o  rous 
hyp  poth  e  sis 
il  lus  tri  ous 
im  per  vi  ous 
im  pris  on  ment 
in  dig  e  nous 
in  dus  tri  ous 
in  iq  ui  ty 
in  quis  i  tive 
ii  sid  i  ous 
in  sol  u  ble 


137 

■""l  2  3  J"""  I  2  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


in  vid  i  ous        rhi  noc  e  ros  ,      ■   , 

j.       ,  em  broi  der  y 
lieu  ten  an  cy    n  die  u  Ions  2 

li  quid  i  ty         sc/fis  mat  i  cal  c  £  .• 

,   H         .  I  ;.    .,  af  fir  ma  tive 

lo  quae  l  ty        so  lie  it  ous  •'/•'* 

1        .  J  ,.,  in  fir  ma  ry 

mag  nan  i  mous  so  hi  O  quy  •     c        •  J.J 

mellifluous     somniferous  m  fir2mi  ^ 

mi  rac  u  lous    Su  per  flu  ous 

mo  not  o  nous  sus  Cep  ti  ble  ac  COm  pa  ny 

mu  nif  i  cence  Sy  non  y  mous  dl.s  cov  e  *7 

my  thol  o  gy     tan  to!  o  gy  ef  fron  ter  * 

'    trni  :  u7       .i       .    •  &Ji  re  cov  er  y 

neu  tial  i  ty       the  at  n  cal  ,.  ri  v    „ 

nU  lin  ni  fv         i       i  c"s  comntyure 

ob  nq  ui  ty        the  ol  o  gy  e   o    j 

ob  ser  va  ble     ther  mom  e  ter  li  tid  g/ous  ness 

ob  strep  er  ous  tran  quil  li  ty       ,  > 

om  nip  o  tence  tri  urn  vi  rate  acl        ,  a  g60US 

o  vip  a  rous       Ven  tril  o  quist  dl  f  mce  a 

™  rpn  tli^  ci«      ■      •  i  •  *  in  de  co  rous 

pa  ren  tne  sis    V1  scl(j  2  ty  .. 

nor  pmn  tnr  v  'C  «ff  nUm  V1  t8S 

pei  emp  tor  y    Vo  cif  er  ous        fo  , 

per  spic  u  ous  .    a  maw  so  le  um 

non  tif  i  cate     m  aM  §u  rate  mis    e  mea  nor 

pre  em  i  nence  al  low  a  ble  sac  n2le  gWUS 

preparative  ™  polyanthus 

pre  pos  ter  ous  re  aouot  a  me  ac  qui  es  cence 

nrp  rnrt  n   tivP     SUIT  mount  a  Die  n  .,- 

pre  rog  a  tive  4  am  a  ran  thine 

pro  mis  cu  ous  ac  cow  tre  ment  am  e  thys  tine 

re  gen  er  ate     im  prov  a  ble  an  ti  feb  rile 

re  sis  ti  ble        re  prov  a  ble  a  the  is  tick 

re  sol  va  ble  *  mar  a  nath  a 

re  spec  ta  ble    dis  qual  i  fy  math  e  mat  icks 

re  spon  si  ble      ^  ^  .  sym  pa  thet  ick 
re  tnb  u  tive             2        I 

l  -l  •  i-  •  oo       2 

r/ie  tor  1  cal      cer  tif  1  cate  rec  ru  des  cent 

m2 


138 

1  2  3  4  I         2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,   bid, — 

oo  2  11 

ru  di  ment  al  rod  o  mon  tade  1 

O0  v  rec  i  ta  tive 

u„i  i    l    •  i  re  cog  ni  see       ,  . 
hal  le  lu  jah  °  -     ,        ul  tra  ma  rine 

3  3  J  su  per  in  duce 

di  a  cou  sticks  o  ,  33    , 

e    00  i  •  su  per  a  bound 

vir  tu  o  so         re  C°S  m  sor1 

i  0  e     av  oir  du  pois 

leg  er  de  mam  chev  &ux  de  frise 

— 9©^— 
READING   LESSON  IV. 

LITERATURE. 

1.  After  the  invention  of  letters,  the  genius  of  man 
taking  different  directions,  some  of  them  excelled  in  po- 
etical, and  some  in  prosaick  compositions.  These  again 
assumed  different  characters,  according  to  the  subjects 
treated  of. 

%  Hence,  we  have  in  Verse,  epick  poems,  descriptive 
poems,  and  elegiack,  dramatick,  and  satirical  poems : 

3.  And  in  Prose-writing,  we  have  historical,  descrip- 
tive, didactick,  and  epistolary  compositions  of  an  almost 
infinite  variety  of  kinds  and  qualities. 

4.  Poetry  is  the  glowing  language  of  impassioned 
feeling,  generally  found  in  measured  lines,  and  often  in 
rhyme. 

5.  Most  ancient  people  have  had  their  poets ;  and 
among  the  Hebrews  they  were  called  prophets. 

David  was  an  inspired  poet  of  the  Hebrews  : 
Homer,  one  of  the  earliest  poets  of  the  Greeks  : 
Ossian,  an  ancient  poet  of  the  Scots  : 
Taliesen,  an  ancient  poet  of  the  Welsh  : 
And  Odin,  an  early  poet  of  the  Scandinavians. 
G.  The  Greeks  were  the  fathers  of  poetry,  literature,  phi- 
losophy, and  the  arts.     Homer  was  the  first  and  the  prince 
of  poets  :  and  he  celebrated  the  siege  of  Troy,  in  the 
Iliad  and  Odyssey,  two  epick  poems,  which  never  have, 
and  perhaps,  never  will  be  surpassed. 


139 

7.  In  the  same  line  of  poetical  composition,  he_was 
followed,  after  900  years,  by  Virgil,  in  the  ^Eneid  : 

8.  By  Tasso,  after  another  1500  years,  in  the  Jerusa- 
lem  Delivered. 

9.  And  by  Milton,  about  150  years  ago,  in  Paradise 
Lost . — tne  finest  poem  ever  written  after  the  Iliad. 

10.  All  these  were  so  many  miracles  of  human  genius  : 
besides  these  great  names,  there  have  been  many  other 
poets,  whose  works  would  vie  with  those  of  any  age  or 
country. 

11.  Poetry  is  classed  under  the  heads  epich,  or  heroick  ; 
drarnatick,  or  representative ;  lyrick,  or  such  as  is  suited 
to  musick,  as  odes,  songs,  &c.  ;  didactick,  or  instructive ; 
elegiack,  or  sentimental  and  affecting  ;  satirical,  epigram- 
matick,  or  witty  and  ludicrous  ;  and  pastoral,  or  descrip- 
tive of  rustick  life. 

12.  Versification,  in  the  English  language,  depends  on 
the  modulation  of  the  accents,  and  the  disposition  of  the 
pauses.  It  is  either  rhyme,  or  recurring  rhyme,  alter- 
nate, or  interchanging  rhyme,  or  in  triplets  of  three  lines  ; 
or  blank  verse,  in  which  the  metrical  principle  is  in  the 
pauses,  the  lines  flowing  into,  each  other. 

13.  The  heroick  verse  consists  of  ten  syllables;  and 
its  harmony  depends  on -the  regular  distribution  of  ac- 
cented and  unaccented  syllables  ;  and  its  character  of 
solemnity  or  liveliness,  depends  on  the  order  of  those 
syllables. 

14.  Thus,  when  the  accent  is  on  every  other  syllable, 
it  is  called  iambick  verse  ;  as 

A  s/ifpherd's  hoy,  he  seeks  no  higher  name, 
Led  forth  his  flock,  beside  the  silver  Thame. 

15.  The  monotony  of  recurring  accents  is  obviated  by 
the  varied  disposition  of  the  ccesural  pause.  When  this 
pause  is  on  the  fourth  syllable,  the  strain  is  smooth  and 
airy :  as 

Soft  is  the  strain,  |  when  zephyr  gently  blows, 

And  the  smooth  stream,  |  in  smoother  murmur  flows. 

10.  Or,  it  is  still  quicker,  when  placed  at  the  second 
syllable ;  as, 

Not  so,  |  when  swift  Camilla  scours  the  plain. 


140 


if.  The  following  affords  instances  of  various  pauses, 
which  give  as  many  different  effects  to  the  lines  : — 

0  friend,  |  may  each  domestick  bliss  be  thine ; 
Be  no  un pleasing  melancholy  |  mine. 

Or, 

Mo,  |  let  tlie  tender  office  long  engage, 
To  rock  the  cradle  |  of  declining  age. 

Or, 

O  cruel,  beauteous,  |  ever  lovely,  tell, 
Is  it  in  heaven  |  a  crime  to  love  to  dwell  ? 

18.  The  anapecstick,  or  dactylick  verse, iswhere  the  ac- 
cent falls  on  every  third  syllable  ;  as, 

I  am  monarch  of  all  I  surrey, 
My  right  there  is  none  to  dispute  ; 
From  the  centre  all  round  to  the  sea, 
I  am  lord  of  the  fowl  and  the  brute, 

Or, 

Tis  night  j  and  the  landscape  is  lovely  no  more  ; 

1  mourn;  |  but  ye  icood\znds  |  I  mourn  not  for  you; 
For  morn  is  approaching,  your  charms  to  restore, 
Refreshed  with  fresh /ragrai^fccml  glitt 'ring  with  dew. 

19.  Various  other  kinds  o^-erses  are  to  be  found  h 
the  works  of  the  poets  ;  but  the  above  are  the  mos. 
common. 

TABLE  XXXI. 


An  ath  e  ma  tize 
a  poth  e  ca  ry 
in  ad  e  qua  cy 

o 
u 

ac  com  pa  ni  ment 

i 
ap  o  the  o  sis 
cer  e  mo  ni  ous 
cy  clo  pae  di  a 
ho  mo  ge  ne  ous 


in  con  cei  va  bie 
in  ex  cu  sa  ble 
in  stan  ta  ne  ous 
ir  re  proach  a  ble 
ir  re  trie  va  ble 
mer  i  to  ri  ous 
mis  eel  la  ne  ous 
par  si  mo  ni  ous 
pres  by  te  ri  an 
sane  ti  mo  ni  out? 


m 

12  3  4  123  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system, 


si  mul  ta  ne  ous 

2 

ar  ith  met  i  cal 
as  a  feet  i  da 
car  ti  lag  i  nous 
cat  e  chet  i  cal 
cAron  o  log  i  cal 
<ku  ter  on  o  my 
dis  sim  mil  i  tude 
e  qua  nim  i  ty 
e  qui  lat  er  al 
e  qui  lib  ri  um 
ich  thy  ol  o  gy 
math  e  mat  i  cal 
mu  ci  lag  in  ous 
myth  o  log  i  cal 
o  do  rif  er  ous 
o  le  ag  in  ous 
par  lirt  men  ta  ry 
plau  si  bil  i  ty 
pu  sil  Ian  i  mous 
sop  o  rif  er  ous 
the  o  log  i  cal 

3 

in  ex  ha?/s  ti  ble 

32 

tin  a  void  a  ble 

00 

in  con  gru  i  ty 

i 
de  sid  er  a  turn 
ep  i  cu  re  an 

the  o  ret  i  cal  ly 

2z 

p\e  e  mos  y  nar  v 


ex  tem  po  ra  ne  ous 
het  er  o  ge  ne  ous 
par  a  di  si  a  cal  aw 

1     sh  u 

ab  bre  vi  a  tion 
ac  cent  u  a  tion 
al  lit  er  a  tion 
an  ni  hi  la  tion 
ar  tic  u  la  tion 
as  sas  si  na  tion 
as  so  ci  a  tion 
cir  cum  lo  cu  tion 
civ  il  i  za  tion 
com  mis  er  a  tion 
cor  rob  o  ra  tion 
crys  tal  li  za  tion 
de  nun  ci  a  tion 
ed  i  fi  ca  tion 
e  jac  u  la  tion 
e  lu  ci  da  tion 
e  man  ci  pa  tion 
ex  post  u  la  tion 
ges  tic  u  la  tion 
i  mag  in  a  tion  02) 
in  au  gu  ra  tion 
in  ter  ro  ga  tion 
in  ves  ti  ga  tion 
jus  ti  fi  ca  tion 

sb       1     sh  u 

ne  go  ti  a  tion 

1     sh  u 

pre  cip  i  ta  tion 
pro  nun  ci  a  tion 
rec  ora  men  da  tioa 


142 


1  2  3  4  12  12 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


re  gen  er  a  tion 
re  it  er  a  tion 
re  sus  ci  ta  tion 
re  ver  ber  a  tion 
sane  ti  fi  ca  tion 
so  lie  i  ta  tion 
sub  til  i  za  tion 
trans  fig  u  ra  tion 
ver  si  fi  ca  tion 
viv  i  fi  ca  tion 
vo  cif  er  a  tion 


2    sb 

ac  ad  e  mi  cian 
an  i  mad  ver  sion 
ge  om  e  tri  cian 
math  e  ma  ti  cian 


1    s  hu 


cir  cum  nav  i  ga  tion 
per  son  i  fi  ca  tion 
re  ca  pit  u  la  tion 
rec  on  cil  i  a  tion 
su  per  er  o  ga  tion 

2 

in  di  vis  i  bil  i  ty 


TABLE  XXXII. 

Words,  alike  in  pronunciation,  but  different  in  significa- 
tion and  orthography. 


Atl,  to  be  sick. 
Ale,  malt  liquor. 

Air,  an  element. 

Ere,  before. 

Heir,  one  who  inherits. 
Ba  con,  hog's  flesh  dried. 
I5a  ken,  cooked  in  an  oven. 

Bail,  a  surety. 

Bale,  a  pack  of  goods. 
Ba/'t,  an  allurement. 
Bate,  to  lessen. 

Bai'ze,  a  sort  of  cloth. 

Bays,  garlands. 
Bare,  naked. 
Bear,  to  carry. 

Base,  vile. 

Bass,  a  part  in  musick. 


Be,  to  exist. 

Bee,  a  kind  of  insect. 

Beach,  a  shore. 

Beech,  a  kind  of  tree. 
Beat,  to  strike. 
Beet,  a  kind  of  root. 

Bow,  an  instrument. 

Beau,  a  fop. 
Beer,  malt  liquor. 
B/er,  a  carriage  for  the  dead. 

Bight,  one  round  of  a  rope. 

Bite,  to  pierce  with  the  teeth- 
Blue,  a  colour. 
Blew,  did  blow. 

Bloat,  to  swell. 

Blote,  to  smoke. 
Boar,  a  kind  of  bes< 


143 

1  2  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


Bore,  to  make  a  hole. 

Borne,  supported. 

Bowrn,  a  limit. 
Brake,  a  fern,  the  handle  of 

a  pump. 
Break,  to  part  by  force. 

B«y,  to  purchase. 

By,  near. 
Cam,  a  man's  name. 
Cane,  a  walking  stick. 

Cede,  to  resign. 

Seed,  first  principle. 
CeH,  to  make  a  ceiling. 
Seal,  to  close  a  letter. 
Seel,  to  close  the  eyes. 

Ceil  ing,  the  top  of  a  room 

Seal  ing,  a  fastening. 
Cite,  to  summon 
Sight,  a  view. 
Site,  a  situation. 

Climfi,  to  mount  up. 

Clime,  region. 
Close,  to  shut. 
Clothes,  dress. 

Coarse,  not  fine,  gross. 

Corse,  a  dead  body. 
Core,  the  heart. 
Corps,  a  body  of  forces. 

Creak,  to  make  a  noise. 

Creek,  a  small  bay. 
Due,  owed. 

Dew,    moisture    from     the 
clouds 

Dane,  a  native  of  Denmark. 

Deign,  to  vouchsafe. 
Day,  a  part  of  time. 
Dey,  a  Moorish  governor. 

Days,  plural  of  day. 

Daze,  to  dazzle. 
Dear,  costly. 
Deer,  a  kind  of  animal. 


Doe,  a  she  Deer. 

Dough,  paste  for  bread. 
Fane,  a  temple. 
Fain,  gladly. 
Feign,  to  dissemble. 

Faint,  weak. 

Feint,  a  pretence. 
Fair,  beautiful. 
Fare,  provisions. 

Feat,  an  action. 

Feet,  parts  of  the  legs,  the 
base. 
Flea,  an  insect. 
Flee,  to  run  away. 

Flue,  pipe  of  a  chimney, 
,  Flew,  did  fly. 
Fore,  before. 
Fo?/r,  a  number. 

Freeze,  to  congeal. 

Frieze,  a  coarse  cloth. 
Gate,  a  kind  of  door. 
Gait,  manner  of  walking. 

Goar,    any  edging    sewed 
upon  cloth. 

Gore,  clotted  blood. 
Grate,  a  thing  to  burn  coals 

in. 
Great,  large. 

Groan,  to  sigh  deeply. 

Gro?#n,  increased. 
Hail,  to  salute. 
Hale,  healthy. 

Hair,  covering  of  the  head. 

Hare,  a  kind  of  animal. 
Hay,  dried  grass. 
Hey,  a  word  of  joy. 

Heal,  to  cure. 

Heel,  a  part  of  the  foot. 
Hear,  to  hearken. 
Here,  in  this  place- 
Hue,  colour. 


144 

I  2  3         4  1       2  I  2~ 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


Hugh,  a  man's  name. 

Hew,  to  cut. 
Hie,  to  hasten. 
High,  lofty. 

High  er,  more  high. 

Hire,  wages. 
Hoa  or  ho,  a  sudden  call. 
Hoe,  a  farming  instrument. 

Hoes,  plural  of  hoe. 

Hose,  stockings. 
Hoard,  a  store. 
Horde,  a  clan. 

Hole,  hollow  place. 

TVhole,  complete. 
I,  myself. 
Eye,  (124)  the  organ  of  sight. 

Key,    a  thing  by  which  to 
open  a  lock. 

Quay,  a  wharf. 
Nave,  a  part  of  a  wheel. 
Vvnave,  a  rascal. 

Need,  necessity. 

Knead,  to  work  dough. 
Night,  time  of  darkness. 
Knight,  a  title  of  honour. 

No,  not  so. 

Knoiv,  to  understand. 
Nose,  a  part  of  the  face. 
Knows,  does  know. 

Lade,  to  load. 

La/d,  placed. 
Lane,  a  narrow  road. 
La/n,  did  lie. 

Lea,  ground  enclosed. 

Lee,  dregs. 

Ley,  a  field. 
Leaf,  part  of  a  plant. 
Lief,  willingly. 

Leak,  to  let  in  or  out. 

Leek,  a  kind  of  pot  herb. 
Leave,  permission. 


L/eve,  willingly. 

Lo,  behold, 

how,  not  high. 
Made,  did  make. 
Ma/d,  a  woman  servant. 

Ma/1,  a  kind  of  armour. 

Male,  not  female. 
Main,  chief. 
Maine,  the  name  of  a 

State. 
Mane,  a  part  of  a  horse 

Maize,  Indian  wheat. 

Maze,  a  labyrinth. 
Mead,  a  sweet  liquor. 
Meed,  a  reward. 

Mean,  low. 

Mien,  aspect. 
Mere,  that  or  this  only. 
Meer,  simple,  unmixed 

Meat,  food. 

Meet,  proper. 

Mete,  to  measure. 
Mule,  a  kind  of  animal. 
Mewl,  to  cry  as  a  child. 

Mite,  a  small  insect. 

Might,  power. 
Moan,  to  lament. 
Mown,  cut  down. 

Nay,  no. 

Neig^,  the  voice  of  a  horse. 
Oar,  a  thing  to  row  with. 
Ore,  metal  unrefined. 

Oh,  alas. 

Owe,  to  be  indebted. 
Pa/1,  a  wooden  vessel. 
Pale,  whitish. 

Pain,  torment. 

Pane,  a  square  of  glass. 
Pa/r,  a  couple. 
Pare,  to  cut  off. 
Pear,  a  kind  of  fruit. 


145 

1  2  3~"  4  I  2  3  '     1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,    move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


Peace,  quiet. 

Piece,  a  part. 
Peak,  top  of  a  hill 
Piqwe,  a  grudge. 

Peal,  a  succession  of  loud 

Peel,  a  rind.  [sounds. 

Peer,  a  nobleman. 
P/er,  part  of  a  bridge. 

Place,  situation. 

Pla/ce,  a  kind  offish. 
Plain,  even. 
Plane,  a  tool. 

Pla/t,  a  fold. 

Plate,  wrought  silver. 
Pleose,  to  delight. 
Pleas,  excuses. 

Pole,  a  long  stick. 

Poll,  the  head. 
Port,  a  harbour. 
Porte,  the  Turkish  court. 

Praise,  to  commend. 

Prays,  doth  pray. 

Preys,  plunders. 
Pray,  to  beseech. 
Prey,  a  booty. 

Pries,  searches  into. 

Prize,  to  value. 
Quean,  a  worthless  woman. 
Queen,  the  wife  of  a  king. 

Ra;n,  to  fall  as  rain. 

Rei^n,  to  rule  as  a  king. 

Rein,  part  of  a  bridle. 
Raze,  to  destroy. 
Rays,  beams  ©f  light. 

Read,  to  peruse. 

Reed,  a  plant. 
Reave,  to  take  away. 
Reeve,  a  bailiff. 

Reek,  to  smoke. 

Wreak,  to  revenge. 
Rice,  a  sort  of  grain. 
N 


Rise,  increase. 

Rite,  a  ceremony. 

Wight,  just,  true. 

IVnght,  a  workman. 

Write,  to  express  by  letters. 
Rode,  did  ride. 
Road,  a  way. 

Roe,  an  animal. 

Row,  a  rank. 
Rote,  memory. 
Wrote,  did  write. 

Rye,  a  sort  of  grain. 

Wry,  crooked. 
Sail,  a  canvass  sheet. 
Sale,  the  act  of  selling. 

Scene,  part  of  a  play. 

Seine,  a  net. 

Seen,  beheld. 
Sea,  the  ocean. 
See,  to  observe. 

Seam,  a  scar. 

Seem,  to  appear. 
Sear,  to  burn,  to  cauterize. 
Seer,  a  prophet. 
Sere,  dry,  withered. 

So,  thus. 

Sow,  to  scatter  seed. 

Sew,  to  work  with  a  needle. 
Shear,  to  clip. 
Sheer,  pure. 
Shire,  a  county. 

Sice,  six. 

Size,  bulk. 
Sign,  a  token. 
Sine,  a  geometrical  line, 

Slaie,  a  weaver's  reed. 

Slay,  to  kill. 

Sley,  to  part  into  threads. 
Sleave,  untwisted  silk. 
Sleeve,  a  part  of  dress. 

Sleight,  dexterity. 


146 

"    1  2  3  4  1        i>  1  3 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


Slig7tt,  to  neglect. 
Sloe,  a  small  sour  fruit. 
Slow,  dull. 

Soar,  to  rise  high. 

Sore,  a  wound. 
Sole,  the  bottom  of  the  foot. 
Sou],  the  spirit  of  man. 

Sta/r,  a  step. 

Stare,  an  earnest  look. 
Stake,  a  post. 
Steak,  a  slice  of  flesh. 

Steel,  to  harden. 

Steal,  to  take  by  theft. 
Strait,  a  narrow  pass. 
Stra/g'At,    immediately,    di- 
rectly. 

Sware,  did  swear. 

Swear,  to  take  an  oath. 
Tale,  a  story. 
Ta/1,  the  end  of  a  thing. 

Tare,   an   allowance   in 
weight. 

Tear,  to  rend. 
Team,  a  farmer's  wagon. 
Teem,  to  abound. 

Tear,  water  from  the  eye. 

Tier,  a  row  or  rank. 
Throne,  a  royal  seat. 
Thrown,  cast  or  tossed. 

TAyme,  a  plant. 

Time,  duration  of  things. 
Toe,  of  the  foot. 
To?/»,  to  drag  after. 

Tole,  to  draw  by  degrees. 

Toll,  a  tax. 
VaH,  to  yield. 
Vale,  a  valley. 
Ve?l,  to  conceal. 

Va/n,  fruitless. 

Vane,  a  weathercock. 

Ve/n,  a  tube  for  the  blood. 


Vi  al,  a  bottle. 

Vi  ol,  an  instrument. 

Wail,  to  lament. 

Wale,  a  rising  part. 
Warn,  a  wagon. 
Wane,  a  decrease. 

Wa/st,  part  of  the  body. 

Waste,  to  consume. 
Watt,  to  stay. 
Weight,  heaviness. 

Ware,  merchandise. 

Wear,  to  have  on. 
Weal,  prosperity. 
Weel,  a  kind  of  trap. 

Wean,  to  take  from. 

Ween,  to  think. 
Wheal,  a  pustule. 
Wheel,  a  circular  body. 

Way,  a  road. 

Weigh,  to  balance. 
Weak,  feeble. 
Week,  seven  days. 

Ye,  plural  of  thou. 

Yea,  yes. 

2 

Adds,  doth  add. 

Adze,  a  cooper's  axe. 
At,  near  to. 
Ate,  did  eat. 

Bad,  not  good. 

Bade,  did  bid. 
Bell,  a  sounding  vessel. 
Belle,  a  gay  lady. 

Ber  ry,  a  kind  of  fruit. 

Bur  y,  to  inter. 
Bread,  a  kind  of  food. 
Bred,  brought  up. 

Bur,  a  rough  head  of  a  plant. 

Burr,  lobe  of  the  ear. 
But,  except. 
Butt,  a  kind  of  vessel. 


147 

•j  j  1  1  2  3~  1  a 

sone,  not,  nor,   move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


2  2 

Cal  lous,  insensible.  Gilt,  adorned  with  gold. 

Cal  lus,  an  induration  of  the  Guilt,  sin. 

fibres.  Gild,  to  wash  with  gold. 

Can  did,  honest.  Guild,  a  society. 

Can  ditd,  part,  of  to  candy.  Heard,  did  hear. 


fan  non,a  great  gun. 
Can  on,  a  rule. 

Cask,  a  barrel. 

Casque,  armour  for  the 
head. 
Cats  ter,  he  who  casts. 
Cas  tor,  a  beaver. 

Cell,  a  hut. 

Sell,  to  dispose  of. 
Cel  lar,  a  part  of  a  house. 
Sel  ler,  one  who  sells.   • 

Cense,  a  publick  tax. 

Sense,  a  meaning. 
Cent,  a  hundred. 
Stent,  a  smell. 
Sent,  did  send. 

Chop,  to  cut. 

Chap,  a  cleft  or  chink. 
Cliff,  a  steep  rock. 
Clef,  a  mark  in  musick. 

Cous  in,  a  relation. 

Coz  en,  to  cheat. 
Sig  net,  a  seal. 
Cyg  net,  a  young  swan. 

Dam,  a  mother. 

Dam«,  to  condemn. 
Dun,  a  colour. 
Done,  performed. 


Herd,  a  drove. 

Him,  that  man. 

Hym«,  a  divine  song. 
Hip,  a  part  of  the  body. 
Hyp,  to  dispirit. 

In,  within. 

Inn,  a  house  of  entertain- 
ment. 
Jam,  a  conserve. 
Jam6,  the  post  of  a  door. 

Kill,  to  murder. 

Kilre,  a  place  to  burn  bricks. 
Nap,  a  short  sleep. 
jKhap,  to  bite. 

Nit,  the  egg  of  a  louse. 

.Knit,  to  weave  with  needles. 
Not,  particle  of  denial. 
Knot,  to  tie. 
Nott,  to  shear. 

Lam6,  a  young  sheep. 

Lamm,  to  beat  with  a  cud- 
gel. 
head,  a  heavy  metal. 
Led,  conducted. 

Lev  ee,  attendance  at  court- 
Lev  y,  to  raise. 
Limi,  a  member. 
Liirm,  to  paint. 

Lock,  a  fastening  for  a  door. 

LoM^h,  a  lake. 
Plum,  a  fruit. 


Dust,  powdered  earth. 

Dost,  the  2d  person  of  do. 

Dram,  a  glass  of  spirit. 

DracAm,  the  8th  part  of  an    Plum&,  a  leaden  weight. 

ounce.  Rap,  to  strike  smartly. 

Fel  \oc,  the  circumference     IFrap,  to  fold  together. 

of  a  wheel.  Red,  a  colour. 

Fel  low,  an  associate.  Re«d,  did  read. 


148 


1  2  3  4  12  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,    tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


Rcrk,  to  regard. 
Wreck,  to  ruin. 
Rest,  to  lean  on. 
H  rest,  to  force. 
Ring,  a  circle. 
VFring,  to  twist. 
Rung,  sounded. 
U 'rung,  twisted. 
Ruff,  a  ruffle. 
Rough,  uneven. 
Home,  not  many. 
Hum,  the  amount. 
Son.  a  male  child. 
Sun,  trie  luminary  of  the 
day. 
Tacks,  small  nails. 
Tax,  a  rate,  charge. 
Tint,  a  die. 

Ttint,  a  touch  of  the  pen- 
cil. 
Tun,  the  measure  of  four 

hogsheads. 
Ton,  of  solid  measure. 

2 

As  cent,  a  rise,  a  going  up. 
As  sent,  an  agreement. 

4 

Arc,  part  of  a  circle. 
Ark,  a  chest. 

Harm,  yest. 

J3a/m,  a  sweet  plant. 
Bark,  the  rind  of  a  tree. 
Baraue,  a  small  ship. 

Hart,  a  kind  of  animal. 

Heart,  the  vital  part. 
Hoop,  to  encircle. 
I  Fhoop,  to  shout. 

Mark,  to  make  a  stroke. 

Marque,  license  of  repri- 
sals. 
Rood,  4th  part  of  an  acre. 
Rude,  rough. 


To,  unto. 

Too,  likewise. 

T«'o,  a  couple,  twice  one. 

3 

All,  the  whole. 
Awl,  an  instrument. 

Al  tar,  a  place  for  sacrifices. 

Al  ter,  to  change. 
Au  ger,  a  tool. 
Au  gur,  a  soothsayer. 

Aught,  any  thing. 

Ought,  obliged  by  duty. 
Ball,  a  globe. 
Bawl,  to  cry  aloud. 

Call,  to  name. 

Caul;  a  membrane. 
Cord,  a  small  rope. 
Chord,  agreement  in  sounds. 

Clause,  part  of  a  sentence. 

Claws,  the  feet  of  a  bird. 
IIa«l,  to  pull  or  drag. 
Hall,  a  large  room. 

N a //»7/ 1,  bad. 

Nought,  nothing. 
Pall,  a  kind  of  cloak. 
Paul,  a  man's  name. 

33 

Bough,  a  branch. 

Bow,  to  bend. 
Flour,  ground  corn. 
Flow   er,  the    blossom  of  a 
plant. 

Foul,  filthy. 

Fowl,  a  bird, 
//our,  a  part  of  time. 
Our,  belonging  to  us. 

Coun  oil,  persons  assembled 
for  consultation. 

Coun  eel,  advice,  direct  i<>> 

oo 

Yew,  a  tree  of  tough  wood 
Yq«,  the  person  addressed 


149 


THE  COLONISTS. 

Mr.  Barlow  one  day  invented  a  play  for  his  children, 
on  purpose  to  show  them  what  kind  of  persons  and  profes- 
sions are  the  most  useful  in  society,  and  particularly  in  a 
new  settlement.  It  was  called  the  Colonists.  Colonists 
are  the  people  who  go  to  live  together  in  a  new  country. 
Mr.  Barlow  was  the  founder  of  the  colony.  Founder 
is  a  beginner.     Profession  is  a  man's  business  or  trade. 

"Come,"  said  Mr.  Barlow,  to  his  boys,  ".I  have  a  new 

play  for  you.     I  will  he  the  founder  of  a  colony  ;  and  you 

shall  be  people  of  different  trades  and  professions,  coming 

'  to  offer  yourselves  to  go  with  me. — What  are  you,  Arthur  V 

A.  I  am  a  farmer,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Very  well  !  Farming  is  the  chief  thing  we  have 
to  depend  upon.  The  farmer  puts  the  seed  into  the  earth, 
and  takes  care  of  it  when  it  is  grown  to  the  ripe  corn  ; 
without  the  farmer  we  should  have  no  bread.  But  you 
must  work  very  hard  y  there  will  be  trees  to  cut  down,  and 
roots  to  drag  out,  and  a  great  deal  of  labour. 

A.  I  shall  be  ready  to  do  my  part. 

Mr.  B.  Well,  then  I  shall  take  you  willingly,  and  as 
many  more  such  good  fellows  as  you  can  find.  We  shall 
have  land  enough ;  and  you  may  fall  to  work,  as  soon  as 
you  please.     Now  for  the  next. 

Beverly.     I  am  a  miller,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  A  very  useful  trade  !  our  corn  must  be  ground, 
or  it  will  do  us  but  little  good  ;  what  must  we  do  for  a 
miH,  my  friend  1 

B.  I  suppose  we  must  make  one. 

Mr.  B.  Then  we  must  take  a  mill-wright  with  us,  and 
carry  mill-stones.     Who  is  next? 

Charles.  I  am  a  carpenter,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  The  most  necessary  man  that  could  offer.  We 
shall  find  you  work  enough,  never  fear.  There  will  be 
houses  to  build,  fences  to  make,  and  chairs  and  tables 
besides.  But  all  our  timber  is  growing  ;  we  shall  have 
hard  work  to  fell  it,  to  saw  boards  and  planks,  to  hew  tim- 
ber, and  to  frame  and  raise  buildings. 

C.  I  will  do  my  best,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Then  I  engage  you,  but  you  had   better  bring 
two  or  three  able  hands  along  With  you. 
Ddcille.  I  am  a  blacksmith. 
S  % 


JoO 


ffr.  i>.  An  excellent  companion  for  the  carpenter.  We 
cannot  do  without  either  of"  you.  But  do  you  understand 
shoeing  horses  7 

Delville.  I  hope  you  will  find  me  not  only  skilful  in 
this  business, but  merciful  too.  I  do  not  curse  and  swear 
and  beat  with  my  hammer  the  faithful  horse,  when, if  an- 
noyed by  flies,  or  pricked  by  a  nail, fib  happens  to  cringe 
or  start.  Nor  do  I  fit  the  shoe  by  burning  away  the 
hoof;  this  detestable  practice  so  generally  followed  by 
ignorant  blacksmiths  saves  them  some  trouble  in  using 
1  ne  butteris,  for  the  hot  shoe,  by  heating,  softens  the  hoof 
and  renders  it  more  easily  pared.  The  consequence  is, 
cracked  or  contracted  hoofs,  and  lame  or  ruined  horses. 

Mr.  B.  You  have  said  enough,  I  am  convinced  of  both 
vour  theory  and  skill.  You  are  the  very  man  we  want. 
You  must  bring  your  great  bellows,  anvil,  and  vice,  and 
we  will  set  up  a  fprge  tor  you,  as  soon  as  we  arrive.  By 
the  bv,  we  shall  want  a  mason  for  that. 

Edward.  I  am  one,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Though  wc  may  live  in  log  houses  at  first,  we 
phall  want  brick  work,  or  stone  work,  for  chimneys,  hearths, 
and  ovens,  so  there  will  be  employment  for  a  mason.  Can 
you  make  bricks,  and  burn  lime  ? 

E.  I  will  try  what  I  can  do,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  No  man  can  do  more.  I  engage  you.  Who 
is  next  ? 

Francis.  I  am  a  shoemaker. 

Mr.  B.  Shoes  we  cannot  do  well  without,  but  I  fear 
we  shall  get  no  leather. 

F.  But  I  can  dress  skins,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Can  you  ?  Then  you  are  a  clever  fellow.  I 
will  have  you,  though  I  give  you  double  wages. 

George.  I  am  a  tailor,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  We  must  not  go  naked  ;  so  there  will  be  work 
for  the  tailor.  But  you  are  not  above  mending,  I  hope 
for  we  must  not  mind  wearing  patched  clothes,  while  we 
work  in  the  woods. 

G.  I  am  not,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Then  I  engage  you,  too. 
Henry.   I  am  a  silversmith,  sir. 

Ale  B.  Then,  my  friend,  you  cannot  go  to  a  worse 
place  than  a  new  colony  to  set  up  your  trade  in. 
//.  But  I  understand  clock  and  watch  making  too. 


151 


Mr.  B.  We  shall  want  to  know  how  time  goes,  but  we 
cannot  afford  to  employ  you.  At  present,  you  had  better 
stay  where  you  are. 

Jasper.  I  am  a  barber,  and  hair  dresser. 

Mr.  B.  What  can  we  do  with  you  1  If  you  will  shave 
our  men's  rough  beards  once  a  week,  and  .  rop  their  hairs 
once  a  quarter,  and  be  content  to  help  the  carpenter  the 
rest  of  the  time,  we  will  take  you.  But  you  will  have  no 
ladies  to  curl,  or  gentlemen  to  powder,  I  assure  you. 

Lewis.  I  am  a  doctor. 

Mr.  B.  Then,  sir,  you  are  very  welcome ;  we  shall 
some  of  us  be  sick,  and  we  are  likely  to  get  cuts,  and 
bruises,  and  broken  bones.  You  will  be  very  useful.  We 
shall  take  you  with  pleasure. 

Maurice.  I  am  a  lawyer,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Sir,  your  most  obedient  servant.  When  we 
are  rich  enough  to  go  to  law,  we  will  let  you  know. 

Oliver.  I  am  a  schoolmaster. 

3Ir.  B.  That  is  a  very  respectable  and  useful  profession 
— as  soon  as  our  children  are  old  enough,  we  shall  be  glad 
of  your  services.  Though  we  are  hard  working  men,  we 
do  not  mean  to  be  ignorant ;  every  one  among  us  must  be 
taught  reading  and  writing.  Until  we  have  employment 
for  you  in  teaching,  if  you  will  keep  our  accounts,  and  at 
present  read  sermons  to  us  on  Sundays,  we  shall  be  glad 
to  have  you  among  us.     Will  you  go  ? 

O.  With  all  my  heart,  sir. 

Mr.  B.  Who  comes  here  ? 

Philip.  I  am  a  soldier,  sir  ;  will  you  have  me  1 

Mr.  B.  We  are  peaceable  people,  and  I  hope  we  shall 
not  be  obliged  to  fight.  We  are  all  soldiers  and  must  learn 
to  defend  ourselves;  we  shall  have  no  occasion  for  you  un- 
less  you  can  be  a  mechanick  or  a  farmer  as  well  as  a  soldier. 

Robert.   I  am  a  gentleman,  sir. 

3Ir.  B.  A  gentleman  !  And  what  good  can  you  do  us  ? 

R.  I  expect  to  shoot  game  enough  for  my  own  eating ; 
you  can  give  me  a  little  bread  and  a  few  vegetables ;  and- 
the  barber  shall  be  my  servant  1 

Mr.  B.  Pray,  sir,  why  should  we  do  all  this  for  you  ? 

R.  Why,  sir,  that  you  may  have  the  credit  of  saying, 
that  you  have  one  gentleman  at  least  in  your  colony. 

Mr.  B.  Ha,  ha,  ha  !  A  fine  gentleman  truly.  Sir,  when 
we  desire  the  honour  of  your  company,  we  will  send  for  you. 


15: 


1  a  J  4  12  12 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


TABLE  XXXIII. 

Words  in  which  the  pronunciation  differs  much  from  the 
orthography, 

91).*  Ac  compt,  an  account,  82.  Clerk,  a  man  employ- 

a  reckoning.  ed  as  a  writer,  a  wri- 

111.   Ac  cou  tre,  to  dress,  to  ter  in  publick  offices, 

equip.  97.  Colo  nel,  a   field    and 

f-  '■■.  Aid  de  camp,   a   mili-  military  officer. 


tary  officer. 


Comp  troll  er,    direc- 


128.  Ap  ro  pos,  in  due  time,  tor,  supervisor. 

or  season.  128.  Con  nois  seur,  a  judge, 

80.  Bean, 'a  man  of  fashion.  a  critick. 

140.  Belle,  a  woman  of  fash-  143.  Corps,  body  of  forces. 

ion.  83.   Co?/gh,  a  convulsion  of 

Belles  let  tres,    polite  the  lungs. 

literature.  83.  Cruise,  a  small  cup. 

Bel  lows,    the    instru-    98.  Cou  rier,  a  messenger 

ment   used   to   blow  sent  in  haste. 

the  fire.  104.  Deb  au  chee,  a  drunk- 

Been,  part,  of  to  be.  ard. 

Bu  reau,    a    chest   of   98.  De  mesne,  land  which 

drawers.  a  man   holds  origin- 

Bur  y,    to    put    into   a  ally  of  himself. 

grave.  84.  Draught,     the   act    of 

Bus  y,  employed   with  drinking,  a  sketch. 


127. 
90. 


80. 
98. 


90. 

87. 
87. 


83. 


Does,    the   3d    person 
from  do. 


earnest./ 
Busi  ness,  employment 

94.  Boat  swain,  an  officer    99.  E  clat,  show,  splendour 

on  board  a  ship.           100.  En  core,   again,    once 

100.  Bou  quet,   a  bunch  of  more. 

flowers.                            99.  E  nough,  sufficient. 

90  Cats  up,  a  kind  of  pic-  128.  Et  i  quelle,  the  cere 


klc. 

103.  Cham  ois,  a  kind  of  ani- 

mal. 

104.  Chev  aux   de  frise,   a 

military  term. 
104.  Choir,  a  band  of  singers. 


monial  of  good  man- 
ners. 

90.  Fer  rule,  a  ring  put 
round  any  thing. 

90.  Flam  beau,  a  lighted 
torch. 


*  A  reference  to  the  page  where  the  word  is  pronounced 


153 


1  '2         3  4  1  2  11 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full,- 


-rhyme,  system. 


Page. 

126. 
100. 

96. 

83. 
80. 
80. 

96. 
138. 

123. 

98. 

77. 

81. 
100. 
100. 

84. 


96. 
81. 
96. 
96. 

82. 
111. 

81. 
97. 
100. 

95. 
128 


Page. 


Frog  let  tuce,  a  plant. 

Fu  sil,    a   small    neat 
musket. 

Gal  lows,  on  which  to 
hang  malefactors. 

Gaol,  a  prison. 

Gouf,  a  strong  desire. 

Gout,  a  febrile  disease  128. 
in  the  feet. 

Gun  wale,  of  a  ship 

Hal  le  lu  jah,  a  song 
of  thanksgiving. 

Half  pen  ny,  a  copper 
coin, 

Hauf  boy,   a   wind   in- 
strument of  musick. 

Hei^/it,  elevation  above 
the  ground. 

Hough,  the  lower  part 
of  the  thigh. 

In  veigh,  to  utter  cen- 
sure. 

Jon  quille,  a  species  of 
daffodil. 

Laugh,  a  sudden  noise, 
which  merriment  ex- 
cites. 

Let  tuce,  a  plant. 

Lough,  a  lake. 

Many,  numerous. 

Min  ute,  the  sixtieth 
part  of  an  hour. 

Myrrh,  a  medicine. 

Neph  ew,  the  son  of  a 
brother  or  sister. 

One,  less  than  two. 

Fret  ty,  neat,  elegant. 

Fi  quet,     a    game    at 

cards. 
Vols  ne,  petty,  small. 
Pal  an  qwin,  a  carriage, 


80. 


99. 


1C6. 


128. 

83. 
81. 
84 
-  83. 
80. 
97. 

96. 


80. 

80. 
81. 

79. 


96. 


80. 
126. 

84. 
84. 


used  in  the  eastern 
countries. 

Quay,  an  artificial  bank 
to  the  sea  or  river. 

Quad  rille,  a  game  at 
cards. 

Quelque  chose,  a  trifle. 

Ren  dez  vous,  meeting 
appointed. 

Roqu  e  laure,  a  cloak 
for  men. 

Rouge,  red  paint. 

R//eum,  a  disease. 

Rough,  not  smooth. 

Says,  3d  person  of  say. 

Said,  did  say. 

Ser  geant,  a  petty  milir 
tary  officer. 

Seven  night,  the  time 
from  one  day  of  the 
week  to  the  next  of 
the  same  denomina- 
tion. 

Sew,  to  join  by  the  use 
of  the  needle. 

Shew,  an  appearance. 

Shough,  a  pile  of 
sheaves. 

Sieve,  an  instrument  by 
which  flour  is  sepa- 
rated from  bran. 

Sir  rah,  a  compel lation 
of  reproach  and  in- 
sult. 

Sous,  French  money. 

Tete  a  tete,  face  to 
face. 

Tough,  not  brittle. 

Trough,  any  thing  hol- 
lowed, and  open  on 
the  upper  side. 


154 


blade,  man, 


hall, 


4  12  1  2 

tar, — me,  bed, — time,   bid,- 


Page, 
100. 
148. 
198. 


9G. 


Tur  quois,  a  blue  stone. 

Two,  twice  one. 

Vir  tu  o  so,  a  man  skil- 
led in  natural  curiosi- 
ties. 

Wain  scot,  the  inner 
covering  of  a  wall. 


Page. 

9G.  Waist  cor/t,  a  garment 
worn  about  the  waist. 

97.  Worn  en,  plur.  of  wom- 
an. 

81.  Yac/*t,  a  small  ship. 

80.  Yes,  a  term  of  affirma- 
tion. 


— Q©^— 

PROPER  NAMES 

FROM   THE    NEW    TESTAMENT. 


1 

A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 


MATTHEW. 

bel 

bra  ham 

chaz  (h) 

chim 

ram 

mon 

sa 

zor 
Ca  naan 
Da  vid 
E  gypt 
I  saac* 
Ja  cob 
James 
Jo  da 
Ju  das 
Ma  ry 
Mo  ses 
Pha  res  (M 
Ra  ca 
*  J  zak.     , 


Ra  chab  (») 
Ra  chel   («) 
Ra  ma 
Ruth 
Sa  doc 
Sa  tan 
Scribe 
Tha  mar 
Cai  a  phas  (g) 
C«e  sar 
Pe  ter 
Pi  late 
Si  don 
Si  mon 
Bo  oz 
Jo  a  tham 
John 
Jo  nas 
Jo  ram 
Jo  scph 
Jo  ses 


O  bed 

No  e 
Tyre 
Za  ra 

2 

An  drew 
Bab  y  Ion 
Beth  a  ny 
Beth  le  hem 
Beth  pha  ge(k) 
Can  «an  ite  (f ) 
Es  rom 
Gal  i  lee 
Gen  tiles 
Her  od 
Jer  e  my 
Jes  se 
Jer  i  cho 
Jor  dan 
Jos  a  phat 
Mag  da  la 
Mat  than 


155 

1  2  3  4  12  3  12 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,    full, — rhyme,  system. 


Mat  thew 
Naz  a  reth 
Neph  tha  lim 
Nin  e  veh  (mj 
Ol  ives 
Phar  i  sees 
flab  bi 
Phil  ip 
Sal  mon 
Sad  du  cees 
Sod  om 
Sol  o  mon 
Syr  i  a 
T/?om  as 
Zab  u  Ion 

Zeb  e  dee 

i 
A  bi  a 
A  bi  ud 
Al  phe  us 
Beth  sai  da  (e) 
Clio  ra  zin 
Cy  re  ne 
E  li  a  kim 
E  li  as 
E  li  ud 
E  sai  as  (g) 
He  ro  di  as 
Je  ru  sa  lem 
Jo  si  as 
Ju  de  a 
O  zi  as 
Leb  be  us 


U  ri  as 
Ro  bo  am 
Sa  la  thi  el  (<0 
Thad  de  us 

2 

A  min  a  dab 
Ba  rab  bas 
Bar  thol  o  mew 
Be  el  ze  bub 
Ca  per  na  um 
De  cap  o  lis 
Gen  nes  a  ret 
Geth  sem  a  ne 
Is  car  i  ot 
Ma  nas  ses 
Na  ass  on 
Phi  lip  pi  (c) 
Sa  mar  i  tans 

Zo  rob  ab  el 

i 
Bar  a  chi  as 
Ces  a  re  a 
Jech  o  ni  as 
E  le  a  zar 
Ez  e  ki  as 
Ger  ge  senes 
Mag  da  le  ne 
Naz  a  rene 
Ar  che  la  us 
Zach  a  ri  as 

i 
Ar  i  ma  the  a 

3        sh 

Pon  tiiis  (o) 


MARK. 

1 

Ja  i  rus  (d) 
Le  vi 
Ru  fus 

2 

Eph  pha  tha 

Bar  ti  me  us 
Dal  ma  nu  tha 
Id  u  me  a 

2 

Al  ex  an  der 
Bo  a  ner  ges 

Mark 

i 
A  bi  a  thar 
He  ro  di  as 
Sa  lo  me 
Ti  me  us 

LUKE.' 
l 

A  mos 
A  ser 

Cle  o  phas 
Co  sam 
Chu  sa 
E  noch  (n) 
E  nos 
Ga  bri  el 
He  ber 
Heli 
Ja  red 
La  mech 
Na  chor 
Pha  ler 


156 


J  2  3  4  1*1  'J 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, 


Na  a  man 
R/tc  sa 
Sa  ruch  00 

Te  trarch  (c) 

•j 

Ad  am 

Cal  va  ry 
Er 

El  mo  dam 
Jan  na 
Laz  a  rus 
Mel  chi  (c) 
Sim  e  i 
Sim  e  on 
Sil  o  am 
Syr  i  an 

i 
Ly  sa  ni  as 
Me  thu  se  lah 
Me  le  a 
Ti  be  ri  as 
Zac  che  us 

Ar  phax  ad 
E  lis  a  beth 
Sa  rep  ta 
Su  san  na 

The  oph  i  lus 

i 
Ab  i  le  ne 
E  li  e  zer 
El  i  se  us 
It  u  re  a 

4 

Mar  tha 


JOHN. 
1 

Ca  na 
Ce  dron 
Ce  phas 
E  non 
Ja  cob 
Ro  mans 
Sa  lim 

An  nas 
Did  y  mus 
Gab  ba  tha 
Gol  go  tha 

Is  ra  el  ites  (o) 

i 
Mes  si  as 

2 

Beth  ab  a  ra 
Beth  es  da 
Jo  an  na 

Na  than  a  el 

i 
Nic  o  de  mus 

ACTS. 

i 

A  dri  a 
A  si  a 
Chi  os  (h) 
Co  os 
Cni  dus 
Crete 
Cy  prus 
E  lam  ites 
Erts  ter 
Eu  ty  chus 
£u  nuch 


i 
Fe  lix 

Gai  us  (g) 
Ga  za 
Gre  ci  ans 
He  brews 
J  a  son 
Jo  el 
Ju  li  us 
Ju  pi  ter 
Lu  ci  us 
Ma  ry 
Mo  loch 
My  ra 
J/na  son 
Ni  ger 
Pa  phos 
Pha  raok 
Rhe  gi  um 
Rho  da 
Sa  mos 
Sa  ron 
Si  las 
Si  mon 
Si  na/ 
Ste  phen 
Sto  icks 
Theu  das 
Ti  mon 
Tro  as 

2 

Ag  a  bus 
An  nas 
Ap  pi  i 


157 

1  2  3  4  1  2  3  1  2 

tone,  not,  nor,  move, — tube,  sun,  full, — rhyme,  system. 


As  sos 
Ath  ens 
An  ti  och 
Aq  ui  la 
Bab  y  Ion 
Bias  tus 
Can  da  ce 
Char  ran  (h) 
Cor  inth 
Der  be 
Dam  a  ris 
Em  mor 
Eph  e  sus 
Fes  tus 
Gal  li  o 
pis  ra  el 
Italy 
Jop  pa 
Jus  tus 
Lib  er  tines 
Lib  y  a 
Lyd  da 
Lyd  i  a 
Lys  i  a 
Lys  i  as 
Lys  tra 
Mel  i  ta 
Man  a  en 
Mid  i  an 
Mys  i  a 
Nic  o  las 
Ol  i  vet 
Pat  ro  bas 


Pat  a  ra 
Per  ga 
Phryg  i  a 
Pol  lux 
Proch  o  rus 
Pub  li  us 
Rem  phan 
El  y  mas 
Ser  gi  us 
Sal  a  mis 
Sos  the  nes 
Troph  i  mus 
Tych  i  cus 
Tab  i  tha 

4 

Bar  na  bas 

i 
A  the  ni  ans 
A  ra  bi  ans 
A  zo  tus 
Bar  ba  ri  ans 
Bar  je  sus 
Ber  ni  ce 
Be  re  a 
Chal  de  ans 
Cor  ne  li  us 
Cy  re  ni  ans 
De  me  tri  us 
Di  a  na 
E  ne  as 
E  phe  si  an 
Ga  la  ti  a  (o) 
Ga  ma  li  el 
o 


I  co  ni  urn 
La  se  a 
Mat  thi  as 
Mer  cu  ri  us 
Mi  le  tus 
Ni  ca  nor 
Par  me  nas 
Phe  ni  ce 
Pi  si  di  a 
Pu  te  o  li 
Sal  mo  ne 
Sa  ma  ri  a 
Sap  phi  ra  (k) 
Ti  mo  the  us 
Sel  eu  ci  a 

2 

A  eel  da  ma 
A  grip  pa 
Am  phip  o  lis 
An  tip  a  tris 
A  pol  los 
Au  gus  tus 
Bi  thyn  i  a 
Ci  lie  i  a 
Co  rin  thi  ans 
Da  mas  cus 
Dru  sil  la 
E  ras  tus 
Ne  op  lis 
Pris  cil  la 
Se  cun  dus 
Pam  phil  i  a 
Tro  svlji  urn- 


158 

I  2  3         *T"  I       2  I  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid, — 


Ty  ran  nus 
Ter  tul  lus 

2sh 

Phe  nic  i  a 

i 
An  a  ni  as 
A  pol  lo  ni  a 
Cap  pa  do  ci  a 
E  thi  o  pi  an 
Lye  a  o  ni  a 
Mac  e  do  ni  an 
Mit  y  le  ne 
Sa  mo  thra  ci  a 


Thes  sa  lo  ni  ans 
Thy  a  ti  ra 
Ptol  e  ma  is 

A  re  op  a  gite 
Al  ex  an  dri  a 
Adramyttium 
A  re  op  a  gus 
Di  o  nys  i  us 

4 

Par  thi  ans 
Tar  sus 

3 

Dor  cas 


Claw  da 
Claw  di  us 
Said 
Pawl 
Paw  lus 

3         sh 

Por  ci  us 

i 
Ep  i  cu  re  ans 
Thes  sa  lo  ni  ca 
Mes  o  po  ta  mi  a 

4 

Ar  is  tar  c/ms 


From  Acts  to  the  end  of  the  New  Testament. 


A  gar 

Cloe 
E  sau 
De  mas 
Ju  li  a  (d) 
Ju  ni  a 
Phe  be 
Phle  gon 
Sa  ra 
Ze  nas 

Am  pli  us 
Clem  ent 
Cris  pus 
Cres  cens 
Ep  a  phras  (k) 
Is  ra  el  ites 


Is  sa  char 
Nym  phas 
Pat  mos 
Per  sis 
Per  ga  mos 
Sab  a  oth 
Sam  son 
Steph  a  nas 
Syr  i  a 
Scyth  i  ans 
Smyr  rui 
Tim  o  thy 
Ur  ba  ne 

2      sli 

Ter  ti  us 

i 
Ar  e  tas 
A  ra  bi  a 


En  o  di  as 
E\x  bu  lus 
Ew.  phra  tes  ('0 
Sil  va  nus 
Try  phe  na 
Try  pho  sa 

2 

A  nath  e  ma 
Ar  chip  pus 
A  bad  don 
A  pol/  yon 
Ap  pel  les 
A  syn  cri  tus 
Co  rin  thi  ans 
Her  mog  e  ncs 
II  lyr  i  cum 
Mel  chis  e  di  i 
Nar  cis  sus 


159 

1 

•2 

not, 

3 

nor, 

4 

move, 

1             2 

— tube,  sun, 

3                  1 

full, — rhyme, 

2 

tone, 

system. 

1 


Go  mor  rah  Hy  men  e  us     E  paph  ro  di  tus 

O  lym  pas  Mac  e  do  ni  a  La  od  i  ce  a 

Phy  gel  lus  2  4 

Re  bee  ca  Ar  ma  ged  don  Car  pus 

„    .,2sh  .  Hi  e  rap  o  lis    Sar  dis 

Co  loss  i  ans     ^        .  K 

x  On  e  sipn  o  rus     3 

An  dro  ni  cus   Phil  a  del  ph/a  Cor  inth 

BRUTUS'  SPEECH  ON. THE  DEATH  OP    CESAR. 

Romans,  Countrymen,  and  Lovers, 

1.  Hear  me,  for  my  cause;  and  be  silent  that  you  may 
hear.  Believe  me,  for  mine  honour  ;  and  have  respect 
for  mine  honour,  that  you  may  believe.  Censure  me,  in 
your  wisdom  ;  and  awake  your  senses,  that  you  may  the 
better  judge. 

2.  If  there  be  any  in  this  assembly,  any  dear  friend  of 
gL  <  V'sar,  to  him  I  say,  that  Brutus'  love  to  Cesar  was  no 
Jpless  than  his.      If  then,  that   friend  demand,  why  Brutus 

rose  against  Cesar,  this  is  my  answer ;  not  that  I  loved 
Cesar  less,  but  that  I  loved  Rome  more. 

3.  Had  you  rather  Cesar  were  living,  and  die  all  slaves, 
than  that  Cesar  were  dead,  to  live  all  freemen  ?  As  Ce- 
sar loved  me,  I  weep  for  him  ;  as  he  was  fortunate,  I  re- 
joice at  it ;  as  he  was  valiant,  I  honour  him  ;  but,  as  he 
was  ambitious,  I  slew  him. 

4.  There  are  tears  for  his  love,  joy  for  his  fortune,  hon- 
our for  his  valour,  and  death  for  his  ambition.  Who  is  here 
so  base,  that  he  would  be  a  bondman  1  If  any,  speak, 
for  him  have  I  offended. 

5.  Who  is  here  so  rude,  that  he  would  not  be  a  Roman  ? 
If  any,  speak;  for  him  have  I  offended.  Who  is  here  so 
vile,  that  he  will  not  love  his  country  ?  If  any,  speak ; 
for  him  have  I  offended.     I  pause  for  a  reply. 

6.  None  ?  Then  none  have  I  offended.  I  have  done  no 
more  to  Cesar  than  you  should  do  to  Brutus.  And  as  I 
slew  my  best  lover  for  the  good  of  Rome,  I  reserve  the 
same  dagger  for  myself,  whenever  it  shall  please  my 
countrv  fco  need  my  death. 


I  GO 


THE  DAY  OF  LIFE. 

1.  The  morning  hours  of  cheerful  light, 
Of  all  the  day  are  best : 

But  as  they  speed  their  hasty  flight, 
If  every  hour  is  spent  aright, 
We  sweetly  sink  to  sleep  at  night, 
And  pleasant  is  our  rest. 

2.  And  life  is  like  a  summer's  day, 
It  seems  so  quickly  past : 

Youth  is  the  morning,  bright  and  gay. 
And  if 'tis  spent  in  wisdom's  way, 
We  meet  old  age  without  dismay, 
And  death  is  sweet  at  last. 


— q©©— 

ON  AUTUMN. 

1.  1  pass'd  by  the  grove,  and  the  leaves  were  fast  falling, 
And  chilly  the  north  wind  did  blow ; 

The  quail  whistl'd  loud,  for  her  brood  she  was  calling, 
A  shelter  to  find  from  the  snow. 

2.  The  small  birds  of  summer,  that  us'd  to  awaken 
The  peasants  with  sounds  from  the  hill, 

Have  now  left  our  groves,  and  the  vales  are  forsaken 
Of  notes  from  the  shrill  whip-poor-will. 

3.  How  solemn  the  prospect  of  Nature  appear'd — 
The  meadows  are  stript  of  their  green — 

The  lily  has  faded — the  rose  disappear 'd — 
How  transient !  how  short  to  be  seen  ! 

4.  The  changes  of  seasons,  exact  in  their  order, 
R,oll  round  on  the  swift  wings  of  time, 

That  man  may  discover  the  works  of  his  Maker, 
And  youth  learn  a  lesson  sublime. 

5.  So,  when  in  the  winter  of  life  you're  declining 
Fix  your  thoughts  on  the  hav'n  of  rest ; 

Trust  in  a  Saviour,  and  cease  all  repining^ 

That  you  may  tor  ever  be  !  I 


161 

THE  WINTER'S  DAY. 


When  raging  storms  deform  the  air, 
Anil  clouds  of  snow  descend  ; 
And  the  wide  landscape,  bright  and  fair, 
No  deepen'd  colours  blend  ; 

2.  When  biting  frost  rides  on  the  wind, 
Bleak  from  the  north  and  east, 

And  wealth  is  at  its  ease  reclin'd, 
Prepar'd  to  laugh  and  feast ; 

3.  When  the  poor  trav'ller  treads  the  plain, 
All  dubious  of  his  way, 

And  crawls  with  night  increasing  pain, 
And  dreads  the  parting  day ; 

4.  When  poverty  in  vile  attire, 
Shrinks  from  the  biting  blast, 

Or  hovers  o'er  the  pigmy  fire, 
And  fears  it  will  not  last ; 

5.  When  the  fond  mother  hugs  her  child 
Still  closer  to  her  breast ; 

And  the  poor  infant,  frost-beguil'd, 
Scarce  feels  that  it  is  prest ; 

C.  Then  let  your  bounteous  hand  extend 

Its  blessings  to  the  poor  ; 
Nor  spurn  the  wretched,  while  they  bend 

All  suppliant  at  your  door, 

o2 


162 

I  2  3  4  I         2  1  2 

blade,  man,  hall,  tar, — me,  bed, — time,  bid,- 


NAMES  OF  PERSONS. 

THE  MOST  USUAL  NAMES  OF  MEN. 

Most  of  the  Scripture  names  are  omitted  in  this  table, 
as  they  are  found  in  the  preceding. 


A  mos 

Me  dad 

Clem  ent 

A  sa 

Na  hum 

Chris  to  pher 

Be  la 

Na  than 

Dan 

Board  man 

O  bed 

Ed  mund 

Caleb 

O  tis 

Ed  ward 

Eli 

Pe  leg 

Ed  win 

E  nos 

Pe  rez 

Ed  gar 

£  phraz'm 

Pri  mus 

Eg  bert 

Guy 

Ru  fus 

El  dad 

He  man 

Reu  ben 

El  ka  rmh 

Hi  el 

Reu  el 

El  na  than 

Hi  ram 

The  o  dore 

Ez  ra 

Hugh 

Ziba 

Fred  er  ick 

I  ra 

2 

Fer  di  nand 

Ja  bez 

Ab  ner 

Gad 

James 

Ad  am 

Ger  shoir. 

Job 

Al  va 

Greg  o  ry 

Joel 

Al  bert 

Gid  e  on 

Jo  seph 

Allen 

Gil  bert 

Jo  tham 

Al  fred 

God  frey 

Jude 

Am  a  sa 

Hen  ry 

Lew  is 

Am  brose 

Her  mon 

Luke 

An  t/io  ny 

Hum  phrey 

Le  vi 

Ash"  er 

Ich  a  bod 

Lu  ther 

Ben  ja  min 

Is  ra  el 

Mi  ch«el 

Ben  nett 

John 

Miles 

Brad  ford 

Josh  u  a 

163 


1               2          3 

4                12 

3                  1              2 

tone,  not,  nor, 

move, — tube,  sun, 

full, — rhyme,  system. 

2 

Jus  tus 

4 

Charles 

l 

Ho  di  jah 

Jon  a  than 

Mark 

Ho  ra  tio 

Leon  ard 

Mar  tin 

Ho  se  a 

Lem  u  el 

Par  ker 

Ig  na  tiua 

Man  li  us 

3 

Je  rome 

Mat  thew 

Aws  tin 

Jo  si  aA 

Nich  o  las 

George 

Jo  si  as 

Ol  i  ver 

Hall 

Leb  be  us 

Oth  ni  el 

Hor  ace 

Ma  no  aft 

Phil  ip 

Mor  gan 

Oc  ta  vi  us 

Phin  e  as 

Pawl 

Syl  va  nus 

Ralph 

Wal  lace 

To  bi  as 

Rich  ard 

Wal  ter 

U  ri  ah 

Rob  ert 

i 

Zeb  di  el 

Sam  u  el 

Abiel 

Zac  che  us 

Seth 

A  bi  ja/i 

2 

Sim  e  on 

A  bi  shur 

A  dol  phus 

Sol  o  mon 

M  ne  as 

Ca  mil  lus 

Simp  son 

Al  phe  us 

E  ras  tus 

Thad  de  us 

Be  no  ni 

Lo  am  mi 

Thorn  as 

Be  ri  dJi 

Ma  nas  seh 

Tilly 

Be  thu  el 

Na  than  id 

Ti  tus 

Da  ri  us 

Phi  Ian  der 

Will  iam   (88) 

El  ha  nan 

Rho  dol  phus 

Zeb  e  dee 

E  li  ab 

Syl  ves  ter 

Zeb  u  Ion 

E  li  a  kim 

The  oph  i  lus 

4 

E  li  as 

4 

Ar  chi  bald 

E  li  hu 

Ge  rard 

Ar  nold 

E  li  jaA 

i 

Ar  thur 

E  li  sha  (is) 

Eb  en  e  zer 

Ar  te  mas 

E  li  pha  let 

Ne  he  mi  ah 

Clark 

Gus  ta  vus 

Ob  a  di  a/t 

166 


5.  Adjectives  derived  from  proper  names;  as,  Jewish 
from  Jews  ;  Christian  from  Christ,  &x. 

6.  The  first  word  of  every  line  in  poetry. 

' .  All  words  of  great  importance  ;  as,  the  Revolution, 
the  Reformation ;  &,c. 

8.  The  pronoun  /,  and  the  interjection  O,  should  he 
capitals. 

Initials  and  Abbreviations. 

An  Initial  is  the  first  letter  only  of  a  word  ; — an  Ab- 
breviation consists  of  two  or  more  of  the  principal  letters 
of  a  name  or  word. 

A.  or  ans.  Answer.  B.  V.  Blessed  Virgin. 

A.  A.  S.  {academim  Ameri-   C.   or    Cent,    {centum,)     A 

cana  socius,)    Fellow  of         hundred. 

the   American    Academy  Cant.  Canticles  or  the  Songs 

of  Arts  and  Sciences.  of  Solomon. 

A.   B.  or   B.   A.        (artium  Capt.  Captain. 

baccalaureus,)      Bachelor  Chap.  Chapter. 

of  Arts.  CI.  Clerk,  Clergyman. 

Ahp.  Archbishop.  Co.  Company,  County. 

A.  C.  (anno  Christi,)  In  the  Col.  Colonel,  Colossians. 

year  of  Christ.  Com.  Commissioner. 

Acct.  Account.  Cor.  Corinthians. 

A.  D.  (anno  Domini,)  In  theCr.  Creditor. 

year  of  our  Lord.  Cwt.  Hundred  weight. 

A.  M.    (ante  meridiem,)  Be-  D.  500. 

fore  noon.  D.  (denarius,)  A  penny. 

•\:>r.   April.  Dan.  Daniel. 

Atto.  Attorney.  D.  D.    (doctor  divinitatis,) 

Aug.  August.  Doctor  of  Divinity. 

Bart.  Baronet.  Dec.  December. 

Bbl.    Barrel.  Dep.  Deputy. 

B.  D.   (baccalaureus  divini-  Deut.  Deuteronomy. 
tatis,)    Bachelor  of    Di-  Do.   (ditto.)  The  same. 
trinity.  Dr.  Doctor,  Debtor. 

Bejij.  Benjamin.  E.  East. 

!'..  A!.. or   i\I.   B.    (baccalau- Ed.  Edition. 

reus  medicinal,)  Bachelor  Eng.    England,    (pronounced 

of  Medicine.  lngland.) 

Bp.  Bishop.  Ep.  Epistle. 


167 


Eph.  Ephesians. 

Esq.  Esquire. 

Ex.  Exodus,  Example. 

Exr.  Executor. 

Feb.  February. 

Fr.  France,  Francis. 

F.  R.  S.  Fellow  of  the  Roy- 
al Society. 

Gal.  Galatians. 
Gen.  Genesis,  General. 
Gent.  Gentleman. 
Geo.  George. 
Gov.  Governour. 

G.  R.  (Georgius  rex,) 
George  the  King. 

Heb.  Hebrews. 

Hhd.  Hogshead. 

Hon.  Honourable. 

Hond.  Honoured. 

Hund.  Hundred. 

I.  One  (in  number.) 

ibid,  (ibidem,)  In  the  same 
place. 

id.   (idem,)  The  same. 

i.  e.  (id  est,)  That  is. 

Isa.  Isaiah. 

Ja.  James. 

Jan.  January. 

J.  D.  (jurum  doctor,)  Doc- 
tor of  Laws. 

J.  H.  S.  (Jesus  hominum 
Salvator,)  Jesus  the  Sav- 
iour of  men. 

Jno.  John. 

Jon  a.  Jonathan. 

Josh.  Joshua. 

K.  King. 

Km.  Kingdom.     . 

Kt.  Knight. 

L.  50. 

£.  (libra,)  Pound  of  money. 

Lam.  Lamentations. 

lb.  (libra,)  Pound  weight. 


Ld.  Lord. 

Ldp.  Lordship. 

Lev.  Leviticus. 

Lieut.  Lieutenant. 

LL.  D.  (legislegum  doctor,) 
Doctor  of  Laws. 

L.  S.  (locus  sigilli,)  Place 
of  the  Seal. 

Mar.  March. 

Mat.  Matthew. 

Math.  Mathematics. 

M.  D.  (medicincc  doctor,) 
Doctor  of  Physic. 

Messrs.  (Messieurs)  Gen- 
tlemen, Sirs. 

Mr.  Master,  (commonly pro- 
nounced mister.) 

Mrs.  Mistress. 

M.  S.  Manuscript. 

M.  S.  S.  Manuscripts. 

N.  Note,  North. 

N.  B.  (nota  bene,)  Mark 
well,  take  notice. 

Nem.  con.  or  Nem.  diss. 
(nemine  contradicente,  or 
nemine  dissenticnte, )Unan- 
imously. 

No.  (mimero,)  Number. 

Nov.  November. 

N.  S.  New  Style. 

N.  T.  New  Testament. 

Num.  Numbers. 

Obj    Objections. 

Oht.  Obedient. 

Opt.  October. 

O.  S.  Old  Style. 

O.  T.  Old  Testament. 

P.  Page. 

Per  cent,  (per  centum,)  By 
the  hundred. 

P.M.G.  Post-Master  Genera! 

P.  M.  (post  meridiem,)  Af-, 
ternoon,  Post-Master. 


16U 


pp.  Pajrcs. 

P.  S.  Postscript. 

Ps.  Psalm. 

Q.  Question,  Queen. 

Q.   (quadrans,)  A  farthing. 

q.  d.  (quasi  dicat,  As  if 
lie  should  say. 

q.  1.  (quantum  libet,)  As 
much  as  you  please. 

cp.  Quarter. 

S.  South. 

S.  (solidus,)  A  shilling. 

Sept.   September. 

Servt.  Servant. 

S.  H.  S.  (societatis  humo- 
urs socius.)  Fellow  of  the 
Humane  Society. 

Sr.   Sir. 


St.  Saint. 

SS.  To  wit,  namely. 

Tho.  Thomas. 

Thess.  Thessalonians. 

V.  or  vide.  See. 

V.  or  ver.  Verse. 

Viz.   (videlicet,)  Namely, 

ult.      (ultimo,)    Last,   or   of 

last  month. 
U.  S.  A.     United   States  of 

America. 
W.  West. 

Will,  or  Win.  William. 
Wt.   Weight. 
Yr.  Your. 
&,.  (ct)  And. 
&c.      (et   cetera,)    And   so 

forth,  and  the  rest. 


N.  B. — Contraction  should  be  avoided,  unless  for  one's 
own  private  convenience,  or  where  it  wouid  appear  an 
affectation  of  singularity  to  write  the  words  at  full  length  ; 
as.  Mr.  for  mister,  Mrs.  for  mistress,  &x. 

It  is  disrespectful  to  use  abbreviations  in  writing  to  su- 
periors. In  the  subscription  and  superscription  of  let- 
ters, the  Christian  name,  or  at  least  the  first,  where  there 
i«  more  than  one,  and  the  surname,  should  never  be  ab- 
breviated or  written  in  only  initials. 


FINfS. 


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